ASTM D1464-90(2002)

Standard Test Method for Differential Dyeing Behavior of Cotton

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a test for the characterization of certain dyeing behavior of cotton. The method is especially applicable to raw cotton fibers, but may also be adapted to cotton yarns and fabrics.  
1.2  This standard does not purport to address the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 03-Apr-1990
• ICS: 59.080.01 - Textiles in general
• Technical Committee: D13 - Textiles
• Drafting Committee: D13.11 - Cotton Fibers

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D1464-07 - Standard Test Method for Differential Dyeing Behavior of Cotton
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2007
• Referred By: ASTM D1442-06(2019) - Standard Test Method for Maturity of Cotton Fibers (Sodium Hydroxide Swelling and Polarized Light Procedures)
• Effective Date: 04-Apr-1990
• Referred By: ASTM D7139-20 - Standard Terminology for Cotton Fibers
• Effective Date: 04-Apr-1990
• Referred By: ASTM D1441-12(2020) - Standard Practice for Sampling Cotton Fibers for Testing
• Effective Date: 04-Apr-1990

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D1464–90(Reapproved 2002)
Standard Test Method for
Differential Dyeing Behavior of Cotton
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1464; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope dye is retained predominantly by the thick-walled fibers and
the green by the thin-walled fibers.
1.1 This test method covers a test for the characterization of
5.3 The color response of the specimens to the dyes in the
certain dyeing behavior of cotton. This test method is espe-
binary mixture reflects the behavior to be expected with many
cially applicable to raw cotton fibers, but may also be adapted
other dyes. The colors from red to green may be influenced by
to cotton yarns and fabrics.
factors such as weather during the growing period, exposure of
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
open bolls in the field before harvest, natural color, fineness,
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
and degree of wall development.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
6. Apparatus
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
6.1 Balance,havingacapacityof1000gandasensitivityof
2. Referenced Documents 0.05 g.
6.2 Beakers, preferably of stainless steel, having capacities
2.1 ASTM Standards:
of 400, 1200, 2000, and 3000 mL.
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
6.3 Clothes Wringer, or Centrifuge.
D 1441 Practice for Sampling Cotton Fibers for Testing
6.4 Cylinders, graduated, having capacities of 5, 10, 25, 50,
3. Terminology 100, and 500 mL or Burets (automatic, screw-top, acid-bottle
type preferred).
3.1 Definitions:
6.5 Büchner Filter Funnel, coarse, fritted-disk, 80-mm.
3.1.1 differential dyeing behavior, n—of cotton, the ten-
6.6 Source of Suction.
dency of cotton fibers to absorb and retain selectively varying
6.7 Sewing Machine, or Needle and Thread.
proportions of different dyes from a binary dye bath.
6.8 Timer (with Second Hand), or Stop Watch.
3.1.2 For definitions of other textile terms used in this test
6.9 Wiley Mill, laboratory, intermediate model.
method, refer to Terminology D 123.
7. Reagents and Material
4. Summary of Test Method
7.1 Dyes:
4.1 Specimens are dyed under specified conditions in a bath
7.1.1 CI Direct Green 26 (Color Index No. 34045), 1
containing a mixture of prescribed red and green dyes. The
g/100 mL stock solution.
resultant colors are compared with those of cottons of known
7.1.2 CI Direct Red 81 (ColorIndexNo.28160),0.5g/100
dyeing behavior or fiber properties.
mL stock solution.
5. Significance and Use
7.2 Distilled Water.
7.3 Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose, low viscosity (“Car-
5.1 This test method is not recommended for acceptance
bose D”).
testing because the information obtained is qualitative rather
7.4 Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose Solution (1 %)—
than quantitative in nature (see Section 12).
Dissolve 0.1 g of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in distilled
5.2 The response of fibers to the dye mixture is indicative of
water and dilute to 100 mL.
the uniformity of dyeing, the probability of dyeing defects due
to neps, and the difficulties to be expected from heterogeneity
NOTE 1—Any commercially available distilled water or water singly
of fibers that differ in dyeing characteristics. In general, the red
Solophenyl Green BL, available from Ciba-Geigy Corp., Dyestuffs and
Chemical Div., P.O. Box 11422, Greensboro, NC 27409, or equivalent, has been
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD13onTextiles, found suitable.
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.11 on Cotton and Fibers. Diphenyl Red 5 BL, available from Ciba-Geigy Corp., Dyestuffs and Chemical
Current edition approved April 4, 1990. Published July 1990. Originally Div., P.O. Box 11422, Greensboro, NC 27409, or equivalent, has been found
e1
published as D 1464–57T. Last previous edition D 1464–79 (1984) . suitable.
2 5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.01. Available from Carbose Corp., 100 Maple St., Somerset, PA 15501.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D1464
distilled in laboratory glassware is acceptable.
stripped dyed cotton twice in water at room temperature to
remove the unbound dye, and squeeze or centrifuge. Handle
7.5 Sodium Chloride Solution (1 %)—Dissolve1gofre-
each bagged specimen separately during this operation, but
agent grade NaCl in 100 mL of distilled water.
treat all in as nearly the same manner as possible to ensure
7.6 Bleached Gauze, such as cheesecloth, or gauze having a
uniform treatment and rapid uniform removal of the hot water.
fabric count of 28 by 24 (approx 11 by 9.5/10 mm).
NOTE 3—The after-treatment with boiling water has a partial and
8. Sampling, Selection, and Number of Specimens
selective stripping effect. The excess red dye is removed with a relatively
small proportion of the green dye, thus eliminating grayness and causing
8.1 Take a lot sample and laboratory sample as directed in
more clearly defined colors, especially green.
the applicable material specification or by a plan agreed upon
NOTE 4—The time of contact of the dyed material with boiling water is
by the parties interested in the test results or, in the absence of
critical with respect to the final shade. Variations in after-treatment are
suchspecificationoragreement,asdirectedinPracticeD 1441.
largely responsible for difficulties in reproducing dyeings.
...