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ASTM D4856-11

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Determination of Sulfuric Acid Mist in Workplace Atmospheres Collected on Mixed Cellulose Ester Filters (Ion Chromatographic Analysis)

Standard Test Method for Determination of Sulfuric Acid Mist in Workplace Atmospheres Collected on Mixed Cellulose Ester Filters (Ion Chromatographic Analysis)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Sulfuric acid is used in the manufacture of fertilizer, explosives, dyestuffs, other acids, parchment paper, glue, lead acid batteries, textiles, etc., and in the pickling of metals.
This test method has been found to be satisfactory in the measurement of sulfuric acid for comparison with relevant occupational exposure limits.
SCOPE
1.1 This ion chromatographic test method describes the determination of sulfuric acid mist in air samples collected from workplace atmospheres on a mixed cellulose ester (MCE) filter.
Note 1—Other filter types such as quartz fiber, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) filters are also suitable.
1.2 The lower detection limit of this test method is 0.001 mg/sample or 0.017 mg/m3 of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) mist in 60 L of air sampled at 1 L/min.
1.3 This test method is subject to interference from soluble and partially soluble sulfate salts. Other sulfur-containing compounds can be oxidized to sulfate and also interfere.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 No detailed instrument operating instructions are provided because of differences among various makes and models of ion chromatography (IC) systems. Instead, the analyst shall follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer of the particular instrument, analytical column, and suppressors used.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 9.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
14-Sep-2011
ICS
13.040.30 - Workplace atmospheres
Technical Committee
D22 - Air Quality
Drafting Committee
D22.04 - Workplace Air Quality
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D4856-99(2004) - Standard Test Method for Determination of Sulfuric Acid Mist in the Workplace Atmosphere (Ion Chromatographic)
Effective Date
15-Sep-2011
Replaced By
ASTM D4856-11(2016) - Standard Test Method for Determination of Sulfuric Acid Mist in Workplace Atmospheres Collected on Mixed Cellulose Ester Filters (Ion Chromatographic Analysis)
Effective Date
01-Oct-2016

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REDLINE ASTM D4856-11 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Sulfuric Acid Mist in Workplace Atmospheres Collected on Mixed Cellulose Ester Filters (Ion Chromatographic Analysis)REDLINE ASTM D4856-11 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Sulfuric Acid Mist in Workplace Atmospheres Collected on Mixed Cellulose Ester Filters (Ion Chromatographic Analysis)
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REDLINE ASTM D4856-11 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Sulfuric Acid Mist in Workplace Atmospheres Collected on Mixed Cellulose Ester Filters (Ion Chromatographic Analysis)
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D4856 − 11
StandardTest Method for
Determination of Sulfuric Acid Mist in Workplace
Atmospheres Collected on Mixed Cellulose Ester Filters (Ion
1
Chromatographic Analysis)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4856; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This ion chromatographic test method describes the
D1193Specification for Reagent Water
determination of sulfuric acid mist in air samples collected
D1356Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of
fromworkplaceatmospheresonamixedcelluloseester(MCE)
Atmospheres
filter.
D1914PracticeforConversionUnitsandFactorsRelatingto
NOTE 1—Other filter types such as quartz fiber, polytetrafluoroethylene
Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
(PTFE), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) filters are also suitable.
D4327Test Method forAnions in Water by Suppressed Ion
Chromatography
1.2 The lower detection limit of this test method is 0.001
3
E200Practice for Preparation, Standardization, and Storage
mg/sampleor0.017mg/m ofsulfuricacid(H SO )mistin60
2 4
of Standard and Reagent Solutions for ChemicalAnalysis
L of air sampled at 1 L/min.
3 4
2.2 ISO and European Standards :
1.3 This test method is subject to interference from soluble
ISO648Laboratory glassware—One Mark pipettes
and partially soluble sulfate salts. Other sulfur-containing
ISO7708Air quality—Particle size fraction definitions for
compounds can be oxidized to sulfate and also interfere.
health-related sampling
ISO 1042Laboratory glassware—One-mark volumetric
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
flasks
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
EN482 Workplace atmospheres—General requirements for
standard.
the performance of procedures for the measurement of
chemical agents.
1.5 No detailed instrument operating instructions are pro-
EN1540Workplace atmospheres—Terminology
videdbecauseofdifferencesamongvariousmakesandmodels
EN13890Workplace atmospheres—Procedures for measur-
of ion chromatography (IC) systems. Instead, the analyst shall
ing metals and metalloids in airborne particles—
follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer of the
Requirements and test methods
particularinstrument,analyticalcolumn,andsuppressorsused.
3. Terminology
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this test
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
method, refer to Terminology D1356 and EN1540.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
3.2.1 eluent—ionic mobile phase used to transport the
precautionary statements, see Section 9.
sample through the exchange columns.
3.2.2 resolution—ability of a column to separate constitu-
ents under specified test conditions.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Quality and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.04 on WorkplaceAir the ASTM website.
3
Quality. Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
Current edition approved Sept. 15, 2011. Published September 2011. Originally 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
4
approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D4856-99 (2004). Available from European Committee for Standardization (CEN), Avenue
DOI: 10.1520/D4856-11. Marnix 17, B-1000, Brussels, Belgium, http://www.cen.eu.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4856 − 11
4. Summary of Test Method 7.2.6 Conductivity Detector, a low-volume, flow-through,
temperature-compensated, electrical conductivity cell.
4.1 A known volume of air is drawn through mixed cellu-
7.2.7 Recorder, Integrator, or Computer, a device for the
lose ester membrane filter-mounted in an appropriate air
purpose of measuring peak height or area, compatible with the
sampler. Examples are, but not limited to: inhalable samplers,
detector output, and capable of recording detector response as
25-mm 3-piece, and 37-mm 3-piece cassettes supported by a
5
a function of time
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D4856–99 (Reapproved 2004) Designation:D4856–11
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Sulfuric Acid Mist in the Workplace
Atmosphere (Ion Chromatographic)Determination of Sulfuric
Acid Mist in Workplace Atmospheres Collected on Mixed
1
Cellulose Ester Filters (Ion Chromatographic Analysis)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4856; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1This ion chromatographic test method describes the determination of sulfuric acid mist in air samples collected from
workplace atmospheres in a three-piece cassette filter.
1.1 This ion chromatographic test method describes the determination of sulfuric acid mist in air samples collected from
workplace atmospheres on a mixed cellulose ester (MCE) filter.
NOTE 1—Other filter types such as quartz fiber, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) filters are also suitable.
3
1.2 Thelowerdetectionlimitofthistestmethodis0.017mg/m ofsulfuricacid(H SO )mistin60Lofairsampledat1L/min.
2 4
1.3This test method is relatively free from interference.The only known interference is soluble or partially soluble sulfate salts.
1.4
1.3 This test method is subject to interference from soluble and partially soluble sulfate salts. Other sulfur-containing
compounds can be oxidized to sulfate and also interfere.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 No detailed instrument operating instructions are provided because of differences among various makes and models of ion
chromatography (IC) systems. Instead, the analyst shall follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer of the particular
instrument, analytical column, and suppressors used.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 9.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards: ASTM Standards:
D882 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Thin Plastic Sheeting
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres D1357Practice for Planning the Sampling of the
Ambient Atmosphere
D1605Practices for Sampling Atmospheres for Analysis of Gases and Vapors
D1914 Practice for Conversion Units and Factors Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres D4327
D4327 Test Method for Anions in Water by Suppressed Ion Chromatography
E200 Practice for Preparation, Standardization, and Storage of Standard and Reagent Solutions for Chemical Analysis
3 4
2.2 ISO and European Standards :
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD22onSamplingAnalysisofAtmospheresandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeonAirQuality
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.04 on Workplace Atmospheres.
´1
Current edition approved October 1, 2004. Published December 2004. Originally approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D4856-99 . DOI:
10.1520/D4856-99R04.on Workplace Air Quality.
Current edition approved Sept. 15, 2011. Published September 2011. Originally approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D4856-99 (2004). DOI:
10.1520/D4856-11.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Withdrawn.
3
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
4 3
Precision (CV =0.082) was obtained from NIOSH Contract No. CDC-99-74-45 on a range of 0.561−2.577 mg/M using cellulose ester filters.
T
4
Available from European Committee for Standardization (CEN), Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000, Brussels, Belgium, http://www.cen.eu.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4856–11
ISO648 Laboratory glassware—One Mark pipettes
ISO7708 Air quality—Parti
...

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5.1 Sulfuric acid is used in the manufacture of fertilizer, explosives, dyestuffs, other acids, parchment paper, glue, lead acid batteries, textiles, etc., and in the pickling of metals.  
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Standard Test Method for Evaluating PM2.5 Sensors or Sensor Systems Used in Indoor Air Applications

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Poor indoor air quality has been implicated in significant adverse acute and chronic impacts on occupant health and performance. The ability to assess the components contributing to poor indoor air quality is critical for determining best practices for improving indoor air quality.  
5.2 Measurement of pollutants in indoor environments using sensors and sensor systems provides information needed to improve indoor air quality through pollutant source control, ventilation, filtration or other treatments.  
5.3 This method uses a test characterization chamber system equipped with reference monitor(s) to evaluate the response of test sensors or test sensor systems to specific types of particles (for example, salt, polystyrene latex, or dust). To facilitate reproducible results, the test particles used within this method are standardized and have known properties. The user is cautioned that a single particle type is not representative of all particles found indoors. The relative response of test sensors or test sensor systems to a reference monitor can vary by a factor of two for different particle types (for example, primary or secondary, organic or inorganic, outdoor or indoor origin; see 6.11.3 for further discussion). Furthermore, the user is cautioned that the lower limit of particle size detection for optical test sensors and test sensor systems is generally 0.3 μm in diameter; particles below this size are generally undetected and may represent a significant health concern as well.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method uses a chamber system to evaluate the performance of stationary PM2.5 sensors (sensors) and particle sensor systems (sensor systems) subjected to various test conditions, including temperature, relative humidity, PM2.5 concentration, and coarse PM interferent concentration.  
1.1.1 This test method covers sensors and sensor systems that can be continuously powered and continuously operated for the duration of any test described in this method through line power or an internal battery of sufficient output. This test method is not meant to evaluate sensors or sensor systems without these capabilities.  
1.1.2 This test method evaluates the performance of sensors and sensor systems that allow users to collect data in a systemic manner to assess the capabilities and limitations of these devices.  
1.1.3 This test method is not meant to evaluate sensors or sensor systems without data storage and recording capabilities.  
1.1.4 This test method is not intended to evaluate indoor air quality sensors and sensor systems for purposes of regulation of outdoor air, homeland security, law enforcement or forensic activity.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E1370-21(Guide)
Standard Guide for Air Sampling Strategies for Worker and Workplace Protection

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide describes standard approaches used to formulate air sampling strategies before actual air sampling occurs.  
4.2 For most workplace air sampling purposes, and for the majority of materials sampled, air sampling strategies are matters of choice. Air sampling in the workplace may be done for single or multiple purposes, such as health impact, hazard or risk assessment, compliance assessment, or investigation of complaints. Problems can arise when a single air sampling strategy is expected to satisfy multiple diverse purposes.  
4.2.1 Proper consideration of limitations of cost, space, power requirements, equipment, analytical methods, training and personnel result in a best available strategy for each purpose.  
4.2.2 A strategy designed to satisfy multiple purposes must be a compromise among several alternatives, and will not be optimum for any one purpose; however, the strategy should be appropriate for the intended purpose(s).  
4.2.3 The purpose or purposes for sampling should be explicitly stated before a sampling strategy is selected in order to ensure that the sampling strategy is appropriate for the intended use. Good sampling practice, legal requirements, cost of the sampling program, and the utility of the results may be markedly different for different intended sampling purposes.  
4.3 This guide is intended for use by those who are preparing to evaluate air quality in a work environment of a location by air sampling, or who wish to obtain an understanding of what information can be obtained by carrying out air sampling.  
4.4 This guide should not be used as a stand-alone document to evaluate any given airborne contaminant(s).  
4.5 This guide cannot take the place of sound professional judgment in development and execution of any sampling strategy. In most instances, a strategy based on a standard practice or method will need to be adjusted due to conditions encountered in the field. Documentation of any professional judgments appli...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide describes criteria to be used in defining air sampling strategies for workplace health and safety monitoring or evaluation. Sampling criteria such as duration, frequency, number, location, method, equipment, and timing are all considered.  
1.2 Where air sampling is prescribed by law or regulation, this guide is not intended to take the place of any requirements that may be specified in such law or regulation.  
1.3 Guidance for surface sampling strategies for metals and metalloids is provided in Guide D7659.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D8404-21(Practice)
Standard Practice for Preparation of Soil Samples by Ammonium Bifluoride-Nitric Acid Digestion for Subsequent Analysis for Metals and Metalloids

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 There is a need to monitor the content of metals and metalloids in order to determine the presence of potential hazards. Hence, effective and efficient methods are required for the preparation of soil samples for determination of metals and metalloids present therein.  
5.2 This practice may be used for the digestion of soil samples that are collected during various construction and renovation and hazard survey activities in and around buildings and related structures. The practice is also suitable for the digestion of soil samples for metal and metalloid analyses collected from other locations, such as near roads and steel structures. For some other extraction procedures, see Practices D3974.  
5.3 This practice is intended to be used to prepare samples that have been collected for hazard assessment purposes but may be used for other applications such as, for example, monitoring the effectiveness of remediation activities.  
5.4 This practice may be capable of determining metals and metalloids bound within matrices, such as silica, that are not soluble in nitric acid alone.  
5.5 This practice includes drying and homogenization steps to help assure that reported results are representative of the sample and are independent of potential differences in soil moisture levels among different sampling locations or changing weather conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers drying, homogenization, and ammonium bifluoride-nitric acid digestion of soil samples and associated quality control (QC) samples for the determination of metals and metalloids using laboratory atomic spectrometry analysis techniques such as inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS), and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS). For ammonium bifluoride-nitric acid digestion of airborne dust and dust-wipe samples for the determination of metals and metalloids, see Practice D8344.  
1.2 This practice is based on U.S. EPA SW 846, Test Method 3050, Test Method D7202, and Practice D8344.  
1.3 This practice contains notes that are explanatory and are not part of the mandatory requirements of this standard.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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