ASTM F1144-98(2007)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Manhole Cover Assembly, Bolted, Semi-Flush, Oiltight and Watertight, Hinged
Standard Specification for Manhole Cover Assembly, Bolted, Semi-Flush, Oiltight and Watertight, Hinged
ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements for the design and construction of a semi-flush, oiltight, and watertight bolted hinged manhole cover assembly for use in deck or bulkheads subjected to lateral pressures such as resulting from vehicle loads or hydrostatic pressure. Not covered by this specification are the design requirements for manhole cover assembly subjected to primary or cyclic loads and certain hazardous cargos. The manhole cover assembly covered by this specification are classified into various types (Types I and II based on size of access opening), grades (Grades 1-3 based on the thickness of the cover plate), and classes (Classes A and B based on surface finish). The assembly shall be comprised of covers, mounting rings, gaskets, studs, washers, hinge assemblies, and nuts. The components shall be manufactured from carbon structural steel (plate for the cover, ring, hinge pad, and hinge blade), steel (round bar for hinge pin), ordinary steel (welded studs), and yellow brass (washers, heavy hex nuts, and cotter pin). The assembly shall be free of splinters, sharp edges, burrs, projections, and weld splatters, and shall have a Class A finish. Pressure and tightness tests shall be performed and shall conform to the requirements specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification provides design and construction criteria for a semi-flush, oiltight and watertight bolted hinged manhole cover assembly.
1.2 The manhole cover assemblies depicted on this specification are for use in decks or bulkheads requiring oiltight and watertight covers that are not required to be completely flush. Manhole cover assemblies shall be complete with covers, mounting rings, gaskets, studs, washers, hinge assemblies, and nuts.
1.3 Handles, if required, shall be as specified in the ordering information.
1.4 Values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard.
1.5 This standard is not applicable to certain hazardous cargos. (See 46CFR 153.254 and 46CFR 154.340.)
1.6 This specification provides design and construction for manhole cover assemblies subjected to lateral pressures such as resulting from vehicle loads or hydrostatic pressures. Where manhole cover assemblies are subjected to primary or cyclic loads, other reinforcement or construction criteria may be necessary to integrate the manhole assembly with the required structural reinforcement for openings in decks or bulkheads. Design of the manhole cover assembly for primary or cyclic loads is beyond the scope of this specification.
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Designation:F1144 −98(Reapproved 2007) An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Manhole Cover Assembly, Bolted, Semi-Flush, Oiltight and
Watertight, Hinged
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1144; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Iron and Steel Hardware
A575 Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Merchant
1.1 This specification provides design and construction
Quality, M-Grades
criteria for a semi-flush, oiltight and watertight bolted hinged
B36/B36M Specification for Brass Plate, Sheet, Strip, And
manhole cover assembly.
Rolled Bar
1.2 The manhole cover assemblies depicted on this specifi-
D2000 Classification System for Rubber Products in Auto-
cation are for use in decks or bulkheads requiring oiltight and
motive Applications
watertight covers that are not required to be completely flush.
F783 Specification for Staple, Handgrab, Handle, and Stir-
Manhole cover assemblies shall be complete with covers,
rup Rung
mounting rings, gaskets, studs, washers, hinge assemblies, and
2.2 ANSI Standards:
nuts.
B1.1 Unified Inch Screw Threads
1.3 Handles, if required, shall be as specified in the ordering
Y14.5M Dimensioning and Tolerancing
information.
B18.2.1 Square and Hex Bolts and Screws, Inch Series
2.3 ABS Standard:
1.4 Values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as
Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels
standard.
2.4 Steel Structures Painting Council Standard:
1.5 This standard is not applicable to certain hazardous
SP-10 Surface Preparation Specification No. 10
cargos. (See 46CFR 153.254 and 46CFR 154.340.)
2.5 Code of Federal Regulations Standard:
1.6 This specification provides design and construction for
CFR 46 Code of Federal Regulations
manholecoverassembliessubjectedtolateralpressuressuchas
resulting from vehicle loads or hydrostatic pressures. Where
3. Terminology
manhole cover assemblies are subjected to primary or cyclic
3.1 Definitions:
loads, other reinforcement or construction criteria may be
3.1.1 manhole—accessway located in a tank structure.
necessary to integrate the manhole assembly with the required
structural reinforcement for openings in decks or bulkheads. 3.1.2 semi-flush—refers to the placement of the hinged plate
over the ringed opening (without coaming).
Design of the manhole cover assembly for primary or cyclic
loads is beyond the scope of this specification.
4. Classification
2. Referenced Documents
4.1 Type I—15- by 23-in. (381- by 584-mm) size of access
2.1 ASTM Standards: opening
A36/A36M Specification for Carbon Structural Steel
4.2 Type II—18- by 24-in. (457- by 610-mm) size of access
A131/A131M Specification for Structural Steel for Ships
opening
A153/A153M Specification for Zinc Coating (Hot-Dip) on
4.3 Grade 1— ⁄4-in. (6.4-mm) thick cover plate
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Ships
and Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.03 on Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
Outfitting and Deck Machinery. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2007. Published January 2008. Originally Available from American Bureau of Shipping (ABS), ABS Plaza, 16855
approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as F1144 – 98(2003). Northchase Dr., Houston, TX 77060, http://www.eagle.org.
DOI: 10.1520/F1144-98R07. Available from Society for Protective Coatings (SSPC), 40 24th St., 6th Floor,
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Pittsburgh, PA 15222-4656, http://www.sspc.org.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://
the ASTM website. www.dodssp.daps.mil.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F1144−98 (2007)
4.4 Grade 2— ⁄8-in. (9.5-mm) thick cover plate 6.9 Welding to conform to the latest issue of American
Bureau of Shipping Rules or other such classification society
4.5 Grade 3— ⁄2-in. (12.7-mm) thick cover plate
rules as may be applicable.
4.6 Class A Manhole Cover Assemblies— Shall be abrasive
6.10 Details of bolted manholes are shown in Fig. 1.
blasted to near white metal in accordance with SSPC SP-10
and a commercial marine quality nonhazardous corrosion-
7. Dimensions
inhibiting and oil-resistant primer coating be applied for
7.1 Dimensions of manhole shall be as indicated in Table 1.
protection for a period of one year during shipping and in
shipyard handling. 1
7.2 For plating up to and including ⁄4-in. (6.4-mm) thick-
ness, use cover plate of ⁄4-in. (6.4-mm) thickness. Plating over
4.7 Class B Manhole Cover Assemblies— Shall be galva-
1 3
⁄4-in. (6.4-mm) up to and including ⁄8-in. (9.5-mm) thickness;
nized in accordance with Specification A153/A153M.
3 3
usecoverplateof ⁄8-in.(9.5-mm)thickness.Platingover ⁄8-in.
(9.5-mm) thickness, use cover plate of ⁄2-in. (12.7-mm)
5. Ordering Information
thickness.
5.1 The purchasers ordering information shall include the
following:
8. Finish
5.1.1 ASTM designation and date.
8.1 Items produced under this specification shall be free of
5.1.2 Type (see 4.1 and 4.2).
splinters, sharp edges, burrs, projections, and weld spatters.
5.1.3 Grade (see 4.3, 4.4, and 4.5).
8.2 Unless otherwise specified in ordering data, items shall,
5.1.4 Class see (4.6 and 4.7).
after fabrication, have a Class A finish.
5.1.5 Quantity.
5.1.6 Remarks—Handles (are/are not) required.
9. Sampling
5.1.7 Approval—Classification society approval (is/is not)
9.1 For orders for one or two manhole cover assemblies,
required.
each manhole assembly shall be inspected.
5.1.8 Gasket, if other than specified (see 6.8).
9.2 For orders for three to ten manhole cover assemblies,
6. Materials and Manufacture two manhole cover assemblies shall be selected at random. If
any one of them fails to meet requirements, then all manhole
6.1 Plate for the cover, ring, hinge pad and hinge blade shall
cover assemblies in the order shall be inspected.
be in accordance with Specification A36/A36M or A131/
9.3 For orders for more than ten manhole cover assemblies,
A131M steel.
they shall be separated into groups of ten (or fraction thereof)
6.2 Round bar for the handle shall be in accordance with
for sampling purposes.
Specification F783, Type A.
6.3 Round bar for the hinge pin shall be of Specification 10. Inspection and Testing
A575 steel.
10.1 Responsibility—Unless otherwise specified in the or-
der, the manufacturer is responsible for the performance of all
6.4 Welded studs shall be ⁄4 in. (19.1 mm)—10 UNC-2A
by 1 ⁄4 in. (44.5 mm) long and manufactured of ordinary steel inspection and testing specified herein. The manufacturer may
use his own facilities or any commercial facility acceptable to
to commercial standards. Threads shall be the coarse thread
series in accordance with the latest issue of ANSI B1.1. the purchaser. The purchaser reserves the right to perform any
of the inspections and tests set forth where such are deemed
6.5 Washers shall be ANSI B18.2.1 Type A, ⁄4-in. (19.1-
necessarytoassurethatsuppliesconformtoprescribedrequire-
mm) washer, 2-in. (50.8-mm) by 0.148-in. (3.8-mm) thick
ments. Nonconforming manhole cover assemblies shall not be
standard flat manufactured of yellow brass, in accordance with
offered for delivery.
Specification B36/B36M.
10.2 Inspection—The dimensions of the manhole cover
6.6 Heavy hex nuts shall be ⁄4 in. (19.1 mm)—10 UNC-2B
assembly and its components shall be checked to ensure that
and manufactured of yellow brass, in accordance with Speci-
they are within specified tolerances.
fication B36/B36M. Threads in nuts shall conform to the
10.3 Test Methods—Each manhole cover assembly shall be
dimensions for coarse threads with tolerances prescribed in
designed to the pressure listed in Table 1 and tested to a
accordance with ANSI B1.1. The nuts shall conform to
pressure equal to 1.5 times the design prerssure. The test
dimensions prescribed in accordance with ANSI B18.2.1.
pressure shall be held for a minimum of 5 min. There shall be
6.7 Cotter pin to be in accordance with Specification B36/
no visible sign of leakage, permanent deformation, or other
1 3
B36M yellow brass, ⁄8 by 1 ⁄4 in. (3.2 by 44.5 mm) long.
indications
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
An American National Standard
Designation: F 1144 – 98 (Reapproved 2003)2007)
Standard Specification for
Manhole Cover Assembly, Bolted, Semi-Flush, Oiltight and
Watertight, Hinged
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1144; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification provides design and construction criteria for a semi-flush, oiltight and watertight bolted hinged manhole
cover assembly.
1.2 The manhole cover assemblies depicted on this specification are for use in decks or bulkheads requiring oiltight and
watertight covers that are not required to be completely flush. Manhole cover assemblies shall be complete with covers, mounting
rings, gaskets, studs, washers, hinge assemblies, and nuts.
1.3 Handles, if required, shall be as specified in the ordering information.
1.4 Values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard.
1.5 This standard is not applicable to certain hazardous cargos. (See 46CFR 153.254 and 46CFR 154.340.)
1.6 This specification provides design and construction for manhole cover assemblies subjected to lateral pressures such as
resulting from vehicle loads or hydrostatic pressures. Where manhole cover assemblies are subjected to primary or cyclic loads,
other reinforcement or construction criteria may be necessary to integrate the manhole assembly with the required structural
reinforcement for openings in decks or bulkheads. Design of the manhole cover assembly for primary or cyclic loads is beyond
the scope of this specification.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 36/A 36M Specification for Structural Steel Specification for Carbon Structural Steel
A 131/A 131M Specification for Structural Steel for Ships
A 153/A 153M Specification for Zinc Coating (Hot Dip) on Iron and Steel Hardware Specification for Zinc Coating (Hot-Dip)
on Iron and Steel Hardware
A 575 Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Merchant Quality, M-Grades
B 36/B 36M Specification for Brass Plate, Sheet, Strip, andAnd Rolled Bar
D 2000 Classification System for Rubber Products in Automotive Applications
F 783 Specification for Staple, Handgrab, Handle, and Stirrup Rung
2.2 ANSI Standards:
B1.1 Unified Inch Screw Threads
Y14.5M Dimensioning and Tolerancing
B18.2.1 Square and Hex Bolts and Screws, Inch Series
2.3 ABS Standard:
Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels
2.4 Steel Structures Painting Council Standard:
SP-10 Surface Preparation Specification No. 10
2.5 Code of Federal Regulations Standard:
CFR 46 Code of Federal Regulations
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Ships and Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.03 on
Outfitting and Deck Machinery.
CurrenteditionapprovedDec.1,2003.2007.PublishedJanuary2004.2008.Originallyapprovedin1988.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin19982003asF1144 – 98(2003).
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Available from American Bureau of Shipping (ABS), ABS Plaza, 16855 Northchase Dr., Houston, TX 77060, http://www.eagle.org.
Available from Steel Structures Painting Council (SSPC), 40 24th St., 6th Floor, Pittsburgh, PA 15222-4656.
Available from Society for Protective Coatings (SSPC), 40 24th St., 6th Floor, Pittsburgh, PA 15222-4656, http://www.sspc.org.
Available from Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
F 1144 – 98 (2003)(2007)
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 manhole—accessway located in a tank structure.
3.1.2 semi-flush—refers to the placement of the hinged plate over the ringed opening (without coaming).
4. Classification
4.1 Type I—15- by 23-in. (381- by 584-mm) size of access opening
4.2 Type II—18- by 24-in. (457- by 610-mm) size of access opening
4.3 Grade 1— ⁄4-in. (6.4-mm) thick cover plate
4.4 Grade 2— ⁄8-in. (9.5-mm) thick cover plate
4.5 Grade 3— ⁄2-in. (12.7-mm) thick cover plate
4.6 Class A Manhole Cover Assemblies— Shall be abrasive blasted to near white metal in accordance with SSPC SP-10 and
a commercial marine quality nonhazardous corrosion-inhibiting and oil-resistant primer coating be applied for protection for a
period of one year during shipping and in shipyard handling.
4.7 Class B Manhole Cover Assemblies— Shall be galvanized in accordance with Specification A 153.
5. Ordering Information
5.1 The purchasers ordering information shall include the following:
5.1.1 ASTM designation and date.
5.1.2 Type (see 4.1 and 4.2).
5.1.3 Grade (see 4.3, 4.4, and 4.5).
5.1.4 Class see (4.6 and 4.7).
5.1.5 Quantity.
5.1.6 Remarks—Handles (are/are not) required.
5.1.7 Approval—Classification society approval (is/is not) required.
5.1.8 Gasket, if other than specified (see 6.8).
6. Materials and Manufacture
6.1 Plateforthecover,ring,hingepadandhingebladeshallbeinaccordancewithSpecificationA 36/A 36MorA 131/A 131M
steel.
6.2 Round bar for the handle shall be in accordance with Specification F 783, Type A.
6.3 Round bar for the hinge pin shall be of Specification A 575 steel.
3 3
6.4 Welded studs shall be ⁄4 in. (19.1 mm)—10 UNC-2A by 1 ⁄4 in. (44.5 mm) long and manufactured of ordinary steel to
commercial standards. Threads shall be the coarse thread series in accordance with the latest issue of ANSI B1.1.
6.5 Washers shall be ANSI B18.2.1 Type A, ⁄4-in. (19.1- mm) washer, 2-in. (50.8-mm) by 0.148-in. (3.8-mm) thick standard
flat manufactured of yellow brass, in accordance with Specification B 36/B 36M.
6.6 Heavyhexnutsshallbe ⁄4 in.(19.1mm)—10UNC-2Bandmanufacturedofyellowbrass,inaccordancewithSpecification
B 36/B 36M. Threads in nuts shall conform to the dimensions for coarse threads with tolerances prescribed in accordance with
ANSI B1.1. The nuts shall conform to dimensions prescribed in accordance with ANSI B18.2.1.
1 3
6.7 Cotter pin to be in accordance with Specification B 36/B 36M yellow brass, ⁄8 by 1 ⁄4 in. (3.2 by 44.5 mm) long.
6.8 Unless otherwise specified in ordering information, gasket to be rubber, ⁄16 in. (4.8 mm) thick, 50 6 5 durometers per
Classification D 2000 5BC507 A14 E034. For manhole cover assemblies for government application, see Annex A2 for type of
gasket.
6.9 Welding to conform to the latest issue of American Bureau of Shipping Rules or other such classification society rules as
may be applicable.
6.10 Details of bolted manholes are shown in Fig. 1.
7. Dimensions
7.1 Dimensions of manhole shall be as indicated in Table 1.
1 1 1
7.2 For plating up to and including ⁄4-in. (6.4-mm) thickness, use cover plate of ⁄4-in. (6.4-mm) thickness. Plating over ⁄4-in.
3 3 3
(6.4-mm) up to and including ⁄8-in. (9.5-mm) thickness; use cover plate of ⁄8-in. (9.5-mm) thickness. Plating over ⁄8-in. (9.5-mm)
thickness, use cover plate of ⁄2-in. (12.7-mm) thickness.
8. Finish
8.1 Items produced under this specification shall be free of splinters, sharp edges, burrs, projections, and weld spatters.
8.2 Unless otherwise specified in ordering data, items shall, after fabrication, have a Class A finish.
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4, Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://www.dodssp.daps.mil.
F 1144 – 98 (2003)(2007)
NOTE 1—1 in. = 25.4 mm.
FIG. 1 Manhole Cover Assembly, Bolted, Hinged, Semi-Flush, Oiltight and Watertight.
9. Sampling
9.1 For orders for one or two manhole cover assemblies, each manhole assembly shall be inspected.
9.2 For orders for three to ten manhole cover assemblies, two manhole cover assemblies shall be selected at random. If any one
of them fails to meet requirements, then all manhole cover assemblies in the order shall be inspected.
F 1144 – 98 (2003)(2007)
NOTE 1—1 in. = 25.4 mm.
FIG. 1 Manhole Cover Assembly, Bolted, Hinged, Semi-Flush, Oiltight and Watertight. (continued)
9.3 For orders for more than ten manhole cover assemblies, they shall be separated into groups of ten (or fraction thereof) for
sampling purposes.
10. Inspection and Testing
10.1 Responsibility—Unless otherwise specified in the order, the manufacturer is responsible for the perfo
...
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