ASTM C42/C42M-04

Standard Test Method for Obtaining and Testing Drilled Cores and Sawed Beams of Concrete

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method provides standardized procedures for obtaining and testing specimens to determine the compressive, splitting tensile, and flexural strength of in-place concrete.
Generally, test specimens are obtained when doubt exists about the in-place concrete quality due either to low strength test results during construction or signs of distress in the structure. Another use of this method is to provide strength information on older structures.
Concrete strength is affected by the location of the concrete in a structural element, with the concrete at the bottom tending to be stronger than the concrete at the top. Core strength is also affected by core orientation relative to the horizontal plane of the concrete as placed, with strength tending to be lower when measured parallel to the horizontal plane.4 These factors shall be considered in planning the locations for obtaining concrete samples and in comparing strength test results.
The strength of concrete measured by tests of cores and beams is affected by the amount and distribution of moisture in the specimen at the time of test. There is no standard procedure to condition a specimen that will ensure that, at the time of test, it will be in the identical moisture condition as concrete in the structure. The moisture conditioning procedures in this test method are intended to provide reproducible moisture conditions that minimize within-laboratory and between-laboratory variations and to reduce the effects of moisture introduced during specimen preparation.
There is no universal relationship between the compressive strength of a core and the corresponding compressive strength of standard-cured molded cylinders. The relationship is affected by many factors such as the strength level of the concrete, the in-place temperature and moisture history, and the strength gain characteristics of the concrete. Historically, it has been assumed that core strengths are generally 85 % of the corresponding standard-cu...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers obtaining, preparing, and testing (1) cores drilled from concrete for length or compressive strength or splitting tensile strength determinations and ( 2) beams sawed from concrete for flexural strength determinations.
1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units shall be regarded separately as standard. SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2004
• ICS: 91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products
• Technical Committee: C09 - Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
• Drafting Committee: C09.61 - Testing for Strength

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C42/C42M-03 - Standard Test Method for Obtaining and Testing Drilled Cores and Sawed Beams of Concrete
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2004
• Referred By: ASTM D1633-17 - Standard Test Methods for Compressive Strength of Molded Soil-Cement Cylinders
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2004
• Referred By: ASTM C1804-20 - Standard Specification for Spun Cast Prestressed Concrete Bases for Tapered Steel Lighting Poles
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2004
• Referred By: ASTM C341/C341M-18 - Standard Practice for Preparation and Conditioning of Cast, Drilled, or Sawed Specimens of Hydraulic-Cement Mortar and Concrete Used for Length Change Measurements
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2004
• Referred By: ASTM C1903-21 - Standard Specification for Precast Concrete Duct Bank
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2004
• Referred By: ASTM C823/C823M-12(2017) - Standard Practice for Examination and Sampling of Hardened<brk/> Concrete in Constructions
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2004
• Referred By: ASTM C174/C174M-17 - Standard Test Method for Measuring Thickness of Concrete Elements Using Drilled Concrete Cores
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2004
• Referred By: ASTM D7958/D7958M-17 - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Performance for FRP Composite Bonded to Concrete Substrate using Beam Test
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2004
• Referred By: ASTM D6684-18 - Standard Specification for Materials and Manufacture of Articulating Concrete Block (ACB) Systems
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2004
• Referred By: ASTM C944/C944M-19 - Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Concrete or Mortar Surfaces by the Rotating-Cutter Method
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2004
• Referred By: ASTM C497M-20a - Standard Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Concrete Box Sections, Manhole Sections, or Tile (Metric)
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2004
• Referred By: ASTM C825-19 - Standard Specification for Precast Concrete Barriers
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2004
• Referred By: ASTM C1585-20 - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Rate of Absorption of Water by Hydraulic-Cement Concretes
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2004
• Referred By: ASTM C1604/C1604M-05(2019) - Standard Test Method for Obtaining and Testing Drilled Cores of Shotcrete
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2004
• Referred By: ASTM C1084-19 - Standard Test Method for Portland-Cement Content of Hardened Hydraulic-Cement Concrete
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2004

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
American Association State
Designation:C42/C42M–04 Highway and Transportation Officials Standard
AASHTO No.: T24
Standard Test Method for
Obtaining and Testing Drilled Cores and Sawed Beams of
1
Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C42/C42M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* C617 Practice for Capping Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
C642 Test Method for Density, Absorption, and Voids in
1.1 This test method covers obtaining, preparing, and test-
Hardened Concrete
ing (1) cores drilled from concrete for length or compressive
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
strength or splitting tensile strength determinations and (2)
for Test Methods for Construction Materials
beams sawed from concrete for flexural strength determina-
C823 Practice for Examination and Sampling of Hardened
tions.
Concrete in Constructions
1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
C1231/C1231M Practice for Use of Unbonded Caps in
shall be regarded separately as standard. SI units are shown in
Determination of Compressive Strength of Hardened Con-
brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact
crete Cylinders
equivalents; therefore, each system must be used indepen-
2.2 ACI Standards:
dently of the other. Combining values from the two systems
3
318 Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete
may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes
3. Significance and Use
that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
3.1 This test method provides standardized procedures for
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered
obtaining and testing specimens to determine the compressive,
as requirements of the standard.
splitting tensile, and flexural strength of in-place concrete.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address the safety
3.2 Generally, test specimens are obtained when doubt
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
exists about the in-place concrete quality due either to low
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
strength test results during construction or signs of distress in
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
the structure.Another use of this method is to provide strength
limitations prior to use.
information on older structures.
2. Referenced Documents 3.3 Concrete strength is affected by the location of the
2 concreteinastructuralelement,withtheconcreteatthebottom
2.1 ASTM Standards:
tending to be stronger than the concrete at the top. Core
C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cy-
strength is also affected by core orientation relative to the
lindrical Concrete Specimens
horizontal plane of the concrete as placed, with strength
C78 Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using
tending to be lower when measured parallel to the horizontal
Simple Beam with Third-Point Loading)
4
plane. These factors shall be considered in planning the
C174/C174M Test Method for Measuring Thickness of
locations for obtaining concrete samples and in comparing
Concrete Elements Using Drilled Concrete Cores
strength test results.
C496/C496M Test Method for Splitting Tensile Strength of
3.4 The strength of concrete measured by tests of cores and
Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
beams is affected by the amount and distribution of moisture in
the specimen at the time of test.There is no standard procedure
1 toconditionaspecimenthatwillensurethat,atthetimeoftest,
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on
it will be in the identical moisture condition as concrete in the
Concrete and ConcreteAggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
C09.61 on Testing for Strength.
structure. The moisture conditioning procedures in this test
Current edition approved July 1, 2004. Published July 2004. Originally approved
in 1921. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as C42/C42M – 03. DOI:
10.1520/C0042_C0042M-04.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available fromAmerican Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094, Farmington
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Hills, MI 48333.
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Neville, A., “Core Tests: Easy to Perform, Not Easy to Interpret,” Concrete
the ASTM website. International, Vol. 23, No. 11, Novembe
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