ASTM F3317-20

Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Infant Floor Seats

ABSTRACT
This consumer safety specification establishes the performance requirements and test methods to ensure the satisfactory performance of infant floor seats, which may include a tray, toys, or a restraint system. It seeks to minimize injuries to children resulting from normal usage and reasonably foreseeable misuse or abuse of infant floor seats by addressing incidents associated with infant floor seats, including injuries, caused by falls and tip-overs from both elevated and floor level surfaces. This specification does not address accidents and injuries resulting from the interaction of older children with children in infant floor seats. It also does not apply to pillow-like infant positioners that are generally constructed from fabric and stuffing for the purposes of positioning or lounging and do not have an active or passive restraint, or infant floor seats that were either blatantly misused or used in a careless manner with disregard to the warning statements and safety instructions provided with each product.
Performance requirements cover stability, structural integrity, occupant retention, and bounded openings, whereas test methods cover removal of protective components, single action release mechanism, stability, static load, dynamic load, restraint system, completely bounded openings, permanency of labels and warnings, and occupant retention. This specification also covers requirements for calibration and standardization, marking and labeling, and instructional literature.
SCOPE
1.1 This consumer safety specification covers the performance requirements and methods of test to ensure the satisfactory performance of infant floor seats.  
1.2 This consumer safety specification is intended to minimize injuries to children resulting from normal usage and reasonably foreseeable misuse or abuse of infant floor seats. This consumer safety specification is not intended to address accidents and injuries resulting from the interaction of older children with children in infant floor seats.  
1.3 For purposes of this consumer safety specification, an infant floor seat is a seat which is placed on the floor that is intended to contain a child who can hold his/her head up unassisted (approximately 4 months of age) until the child can either walk (approximately 12 months of age) or get in and out of the product by themselves. An infant floor seat may include a tray, toys, or a restraint system. This consumer safety specification does not include pillow-like infant positioners that are generally constructed from fabric and stuffing for the purposes of positioning or lounging and do not have an active or passive restraint.  
1.4 No infant floor seat produced after the approval date of this consumer safety specification shall, either by label or other means, indicate compliance with this specification unless it conforms to all requirements contained herein.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 7, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 14-Jun-2020
• ICS: 97.140 - Furniture
• ICS: 97.190 - Equipment for children
• Technical Committee: F15 - Consumer Products
• Drafting Committee: F15.16 - Highchairs and Hook-On Chairs

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM F3317-18a - Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Infant Floor Seats
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2020
• Refers: ASTM F963-23 - Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2023
• Refers: ASTM F404-18 - Standard Consumer Safety Specification for High Chairs
• Effective Date: 15-Feb-2018
• Refers: ASTM F404-17a - Standard Consumer Safety Specification for High Chairs
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2017
• Refers: ASTM F2167-17 - Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Infant Bouncer Seats
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2017
• Refers: ASTM F404-17 - Standard Consumer Safety Specification for High Chairs
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2017
• Refers: ASTM F963-16 - Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2016
• Refers: ASTM F404-16a - Standard Consumer Safety Specification for High Chairs
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2016
• Refers: ASTM F2167-16 - Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Infant Bouncer Seats
• Effective Date: 01-May-2016
• Refers: ASTM F404-16 - Standard Consumer Safety Specification for High Chairs
• Effective Date: 15-Jan-2016
• Refers: ASTM F404-15 - Standard Consumer Safety Specification for High Chairs
• Effective Date: 15-May-2015
• Refers: ASTM F2167-15 - Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Infant Bouncer Seats
• Effective Date: 01-May-2015
• Refers: ASTM F404-14a - Standard Consumer Safety Specification for High Chairs
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2014
• Refers: ASTM F2167-14a - Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Infant Bouncer Seats
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2014
• Refers: ASTM F2167-14 - Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Infant Bouncer Seats
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2014

Overview

ASTM F3317-20: Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Infant Floor Seats establishes clear performance requirements and test methods to help ensure the safety and performance of infant floor seats. Developed by ASTM International, this standard aims to minimize injuries to infants due to normal use or reasonably foreseeable misuse, particularly from falls and tip-overs, both at floor level and when improperly placed on elevated surfaces. The specification covers infant seats designed for children who can hold their heads up unassisted (typically around four months of age) until they can walk or independently exit the seat.

This standard applies to a wide range of infant floor seats, which may include trays, toys, or restraint systems, but excludes pillow-like positioners and products without any form of infant containment.

Key Topics

• Performance Requirements

  • Stability: Ensures the seat does not tip over during typical use via specific test methods.
  • Structural Integrity: Evaluates the product’s durability under static and dynamic loads.
  • Occupant Retention: Details on restraint systems to ensure infants remain securely seated.
  • Bounded Openings: Limits opening sizes to prevent entrapment hazards.

• Test Methods

  • Concrete floor testing and specific environmental conditions to standardize results.
  • Mechanical tests for removal of protective components, release mechanisms, restraint durability, label permanency, and more.
  • Specific tools (such as probes, wedge blocks, and hinged weight gages) evaluate safety-critical features.

• Labeling and Instructions

  • Mandatory, permanent warning labels on both the product and packaging.
  • Compliance with ANSI Z535 standards for safety labeling design and instructional content.
  • Required warnings include fall and drowning hazards, with clear language and emphasis on proper use.
  • Instructional literature must include assembly, use, maintenance, and all relevant safety limits and warnings.

Applications

ASTM F3317-20 is essential for:

• Manufacturers: Assists in the development and certification of infant floor seats, ensuring compliance with internationally recognized safety protocols.
• Retailers and Distributors: Provides a benchmark to evaluate and select infant floor seat products that meet stringent safety requirements.
• Product Safety and Compliance Teams: Serves as a reference for product testing, risk assessment, and regulatory documentation.
• Consumer Protection Advocates and Agencies: Facilitates standardization efforts to minimize injuries and foster safer product development in the juvenile products market.

The standard also supports regulatory compliance with the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act and relevant federal regulations (such as 16 CFR 1500, 16 CFR 1303), promoting a higher level of safety in children’s products.

Related Standards

When applying or interpreting ASTM F3317-20, consider the following related standards:

• ASTM F404 - Standard Consumer Safety Specification for High Chairs
• ASTM F963 - Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety
• ASTM F2167 - Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Infant Bouncer Seats
• ANSI Z535 Series - Standards for product safety signs, labels, and instructional literature
• Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act (CPSIA)
• 16 CFR 1500.48, 1500.49, 1501, 1303 - Federal regulations covering sharp points, small parts, and lead content in children’s products

Keywords: infant floor seat safety, ASTM F3317-20, consumer safety specification, child seat, floor seat standards, product labeling, restraint systems, infant product compliance.

Adhering to ASTM F3317-20 helps ensure infant floor seats are engineered for the highest safety and performance, providing peace of mind to both manufacturers and consumers.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:F3317 −20
Standard Consumer Safety Specification for
Infant Floor Seats
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3317; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This consumer safety specification addresses incidents associated with Infant Floor Seats that were
identified by the US CPSC including injuries as a result of falls and tip-overs from both elevated and
floor level surfaces. This specification does not cover infant floor seats that were either blatantly
misused or used in a careless manner with disregard to the warning statements and safety instructions
provided with each product. This specification is written within the current state-of-the-art of infant
floor seat technology. It is intended that this specification will be updated whenever substantive
information becomes available that necessitates additional requirements or justifies the revision of the
existing requirements.
1. Scope means, indicate compliance with this specification unless it
conforms to all requirements contained herein.
1.1 This consumer safety specification covers the perfor-
mance requirements and methods of test to ensure the satis- 1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
factory performance of infant floor seats. as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
1.2 This consumer safety specification is intended to mini-
and are not considered standard.
mize injuries to children resulting from normal usage and
1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
reasonably foreseeable misuse or abuse of infant floor seats.
test method portion, Section 7, of this specification: This
This consumer safety specification is not intended to address
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
accidents and injuries resulting from the interaction of older
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
children with children in infant floor seats.
of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and
1.3 For purposes of this consumer safety specification, an
environmental practices and determine the applicability of
infant floor seat is a seat which is placed on the floor that is
regulatory limitations prior to use.
intended to contain a child who can hold his/her head up
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
unassisted (approximately 4 months of age) until the child can
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
either walk (approximately 12 months of age) or get in and out
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
of the product by themselves.An infant floor seat may include
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
a tray, toys, or a restraint system. This consumer safety
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
specification does not include pillow-like infant positioners
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
that are generally constructed from fabric and stuffing for the
purposes of positioning or lounging and do not have an active
2. Referenced Documents
or passive restraint.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.4 No infant floor seat produced after the approval date of
D3359 Test Methods for Rating Adhesion by Tape Test
this consumer safety specification shall, either by label or other
F404 Consumer Safety Specification for High Chairs
F963 Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety
This consumer safety specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Commit-
tee F15 on Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
F15.16 on Highchairs, Hook-On Chairs and Expandable Gates. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved June 15, 2020. Published June 2020. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2018. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as F3317 – 18a. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/F3317-20. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F3317−20
F2167 Consumer Safety Specification for Infant Bouncer 3.1.7 occupant, n—individual who is in a product that is set
Seats up in any of the manufacturer’s recommended use positions.
2.2 Federal Regulations:
3.1.8 paper label, n—any label material which tears without
16 CFR 1500.48 Technical Requirements for Determining a the aid of tools and leaves a fibrous edge.
Sharp Point in Toys or OtherArticles Intended for Use by
3.1.9 protective component, n—any component used for
Children Under Eight Years of Age
protectionfromsharpedges,points,orentrapmentoffingersor
16 CFR 1500.49 Technical Requirements for Determining a
toes.
Sharp Metal or Glass Edge in Toys or Other Articles
3.1.9.1 Discussion—Examples of protective components in-
Intended for Use by Children Under Eight Years of Age
clude caps, sleeves, and plugs.
16 CFR 1501 Method for Identifying Toys and Other Ar-
3.1.10 seam, n—means of joining fabric components, such
ticles Intended for Use by Children Under Three Years of
as sewing, welding, heat sealing, or gluing.
Age Which Present Choking, Aspiration, or Ingestion
3.1.11 seating surface, n—seat support surface for the
Hazards Because of Small Parts
occupant that exists between the side surfaces, seat back
16 CFR 1303 Ban of Lead-Containing Paint and Certain
surface, and the INNER SURFACE of the passive crotch
Consumer Products Bearing Lead-Containing Paint
restraint.
Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act
3.1.12 static load, n—vertically downward load applied by
2.3 ANSI Standards:
weights or others means.
ANSI Z535.4 American National Standard for Product
Safety Signs and Labels 3.1.13 test surface, n—impregnated high-pressure laminate
ANSI Z535.6 American National Standard for Product
of unspecified color with a smooth matte finish.
Safety Information in Product Manuals, Instructions, and
4. Calibration and Standardization
Other Collateral Materials
4.1 All testing shall be conducted on a concrete floor that
3. Terminology may be covered with ⁄8 in. (3 mm) thick vinyl flooring
covering, unless test instructs differently.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 conspicuous, adj—visible, when the product is in the 4.2 The product shall be completely assembled, unless
manufacturer’s recommended use position, to a person posi- otherwise noted, in accordance with the manufacturer’s in-
tioned near the infant floor seat at any one position around the structions.
seat but not necessarily from all positions.
4.3 No testing shall be conducted within 48 h of manufac-
3.1.2 double action release system, n—a mechanism requir-
turing.
ing either two consecutive actions, the first of which must be
4.4 The product to be tested shall be in a room with ambient
maintained while the second is carried out, or two separate and
temperature of 73 °F 6 9 °F (23 °C 6 5 °C) for at least 1 h
independent simultaneous actions to fully release.
prior to testing. Testing shall then be conducted within this
3.1.3 fabric, n—any woven, knit, coated, laminated,
temperature range.
extruded, or calendered flexible material that is intended to be
4.5 All testing required by this consumer safety specifica-
sewn, welded, heat sealed, or glued together as an assembly.
tion shall be conducted on the same unit.
3.1.4 front torso support, n—a barrier extending horizon-
5. General Requirements
tally across the seat of the product that is the primary support
5.1 There shall be no hazardous sharp points or edges as
intended to restrict forward movement of the occupant’s torso
defined by 16 CFR 1500.48 and 16 CFR 1500.49 before or
and creates a completely or partially bounded opening in front
after testing to this specification.
of the occupant.
3.1.5 manufacturer’s recommended use position, n—any 5.2 Thereshallbenosmallpartsasdefinedby16CFR1501
position that is presented as a normal, allowable, or acceptable before testing or liberated as a result of testing to this
configuration for the use of the product by the manufacturer in specification.
any descriptive or instructional literature.
5.3 Product shall comply with 16 CFR 1303 – Ban of
3.1.5.1 Discussion—This specifically excludes positions
Lead-Containing Paint and Certain Consumer Products Bear-
that the manufacturer shows in a like manner in its literature to
ing Lead-Containing Paint.
be unacceptable, unsafe, or not recommended.
5.4 Product must comply with the applicable requirements
3.1.6 nonpaper label, n—any label material, such as plastic
of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act.
or metal, which either will not tear without the aid of tools or
5.5 Prior to testing, any exposed wood parts shall be smooth
tears leaving a sharply defined edge.
and free from splinters.
5.6 Latching or Locking Mechanisms—If a product is de-
Available from U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of
signed with a latching or locking device that prevents uninten-
Documents, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Washington, DC 20401-0001, http://
tional folding, the product shall meet either 5.6.1 or 5.6.2. The
www.access.gpo.gov.
latching or locking device shall remain engaged and operative
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org. after all testing.
F3317−20
5.6.1 Thelatchingorlockingdeviceshallbeadoubleaction at least 0.04 in. (1.0 mm) gap between the component and its
release mechanism. adjacent parent component, such component shall not be
5.6.2 The latching or locking device shall not release and removed when tested in accordance with 7.1. All protective
shall remain operative when tested in accordance with 7.2. components that are accessible to a child in the product or
accessible to a child from any position around the product shall
5.7 Scissoring, Shearing, and Pinching—The product, when
be evaluated.
in the manufacturer’s recommended use position(s), shall be
designed and constructed to prevent injury to the occupant 5.11 Labeling:
from any scissoring, shearing, or pinching when members or 5.11.1 Warning labels (whether paper or non-paper) shall be
components rotate about a common axis or fastening point,
permanent when tested in accordance with 7.8.1 – 7.8.3.
slide, pivot, fold, or otherwise move relative to one another. 5.11.2 Warning statements applied directly onto the surface
Scissoring, shearing, or pinching that may cause injury exists
of the product by hot stamping, heat transfer, printing, wood
when the edges of the rigid parts admit a probe greater than burning, etc. shall be permanent when tested in accordance
0.210in.(5.33mm)andlessthan0.375in.(9.53mm)diameter
with 7.8.4.
at any accessible point throughout the range of motion of such 5.11.3 Non-paper labels shall not liberate small parts when
parts.
tested in accordance with 7.8.5.
5.8 Openings—Holes or slots that extend entirely through a
5.12 Toys—Toy accessories attached to, removable from, or
wallsectionofanyrigidmateriallessthan0.375-in.(9.53-mm)
sold with an infant floor seat, as well as their means of
thick and admit a 0.210-in. (5.33-mm) diameter rod shall also
attachment, shall comply with the applicable requirements of
admit a 0.375-in. (9.53-mm) diameter rod. Holes or slots that
Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety F963.
are between 0.210 in. and 0.375 in. (5.33 mm and 9.53 mm)
5.13 If the infant floor seat can be converted into another
and have a wall thickness less than 0.375 in. (9.53 mm) but are
product for which a consumer safety specification exists, the
limited in depth to 0.375 in. (9.53 mm) maximum by another
product shall comply with the applicable requirements of that
rigidsurfaceshallbepermissible(seeFig.1).Theproductshall
standard.
be evaluated in all manufacturer’s recommended use positions.
5.9 Exposed Coil Springs—Any exposed coil spring which
6. Performance Requirements
is accessible to the occupant, having or capable of generating
6.1 Stability:
a space between coils of 0.210 in. (5.33 mm) or greater during
6.1.1 Productswhichincludeanactiverestraintsystemshall
static load testing in accordance with 7.4 shall be covered or
not tip over when tested in accordance with 7.3.1.
otherwise designed to prevent injury from entrapment.
6.1.2 Products which do not include an active restraint
5.10 Protective Components—If the child can grasp compo-
system shall not tip over when tested in accordance with 7.3.2.
nents between the thumb and forefinger, or teeth, or if there is
6.2 StructuralIntegrity—Attestconclusionthereshallbeno
failure of seams, breakage of materials, or changes of adjust-
mentsthatcouldcausetheproducttonotfullysupportthechild
or create a hazardous condition as defined in Section 5.
6.2.1 Static Load—The infant floor seat shall support a
static load in accordance with 7.4 and not create any failures as
listed in 6.2.
6.2.2 Dynamic Load—The infant floor seat shall support a
dynamic load in accordance with 7.5 and not create any
failures as listed in 6.2.
6.3 Restraint—The infant floor seat shall have a means of
containing the occupant within the product. If the product
includes an active occupant restraint system, the restraint
system shall comply with the following:
6.3.1 The restraint system shall include both waist and
crotch restraint designed such that the use of the crotch
restraint is mandatory when the restraint system is in use.
6.3.2 The anchorages for the restraint system shall not
separate from their attachment points when tested in accor-
dance with 7.6.
6.3.3 Before shipment, the restraint system shall be com-
pletely attached to the seat in a manufacturer’s recommended
use position and in such a manner as to not become detached
through normal use.
6.4 Bounded Openings—Any completely bounded opening
FIG. 1Opening Example that exists in the front, sides, or back of the occupant seating
F3317−20
area, or that is created when a tray, front torso support, or other
accessory is attached to the product, shall not allow complete
passage of the wedge block when tested in accordance with
7.7. During testing in accordance with 7.7, the tray, front torso
support, or other accessory that creates all or any part of the
bounded opening shall remain functional and shall not exhibit
breakage.
7. Test Methods
7.1 Removal of Protective Components:
7.1.1 Any protective component shall be tested in accor-
dance with each of the following methods in the sequence
listed.
7.1.2 Secure the product so that it cannot move during the
performance of the following tests.
7.1.3 Torque Test—Gradually apply a torque of 4 lbf-in.
(0.5 N-m) over a period of5stothe component in a clockwise
direction until a rotation of 180° from the original position has
been attained or 4 lbf-in. (0.5 N-m) has been exceeded. The
torque or maximum rotation shall be maintained for an
additional 10 s. The torque shall then be removed and the test
components permitted to return to a relaxed condition. This
procedure shall then be repeated in the counter-clockwise
direction.
7.1.4 Tension Test:
7.1.4.1 Attach a force gauge to the protective component by
means of any suitable device. For components that cannot
reasonably be expected to be grasped between thumb and
forefinger, or teeth, on their outer diameter but have a gap of
0.04 in. (1.0 mm) or more between the rear surface of the
component and the structural member of the product to which
they are attached, a clamp such as shown in Fig. 2 may be a
suitable device.
7.1.4.2 Be sure the attachment device does not compress or
expand the component hindering any possible removal.
7.1.4.3 Gradually apply a force of 15 lbf (67 N) over a
FIG. 2Tension Test Adapter/Clamp
pe
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F3317 − 18a F3317 − 20
Standard Consumer Safety Specification for
Infant Floor Seats
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3317; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This consumer safety specification addresses incidents associated with Infant Floor Seats that were
identified by the US CPSC including injuries as a result of falls and tip-overs from both elevated and
floor level surfaces. This specification does not cover infant floor seats that were either blatantly
misused or used in a careless manner with disregard to the warning statements and safety instructions
provided with each product. This specification is written within the current state-of-the-art of infant
floor seat technology. It is intended that this specification will be updated whenever substantive
information becomes available that necessitates additional requirements or justifies the revision of the
existing requirements.
1. Scope
1.1 This consumer safety specification covers the performance requirements and methods of test to ensure the satisfactory
performance of infant floor seats.
1.2 This consumer safety specification is intended to minimize injuries to children resulting from normal usage and reasonably
foreseeable misuse or abuse of infant floor seats. This consumer safety specification is not intended to address accidents and
injuries resulting from the interaction of older children with children in infant floor seats.
1.3 For purposes of this consumer safety specification, an infant floor seat is a seat which is placed on the floor that is intended
to contain a child who can hold his/her head up unassisted (approximately 4 months of age) until the child can either walk
(approximately 12 months of age) or get in and out of the product by themselves. An infant floor seat may include a tray, toys,
or a restraint system. This consumer safety specification does not include pillow-like infant positioners that are generally
constructed from fabric and stuffing for the purposes of positioning or lounging and do not have an active or passive restraint.
1.4 No infant floor seat produced after the approval date of this consumer safety specification shall, either by label or other
means, indicate compliance with this specification unless it conforms to all requirements contained herein.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 7, of this specification: This standard
does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D3359 Test Methods for Rating Adhesion by Tape Test
This consumer safety specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 on Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.16
on Highchairs, Hook-On Chairs and Expandable Gates.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2018June 15, 2020. Published January 2019June 2020. Originally approved in 2018. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as
ɛ1
F3317 – 18F3317 – 18a. . DOI: 10.1520/F3317-18A.10.1520/F3317-20.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F3317 − 20
F404 Consumer Safety Specification for High Chairs
F963 Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety
F2167 Consumer Safety Specification for Infant Bouncer Seats
2.2 Federal Regulations:
16 CFR 1500.48 Technical Requirements for Determining a Sharp Point in Toys or Other Articles Intended for Use by Children
Under Eight Years of Age
16 CFR 1500.49 Technical Requirements for Determining a Sharp Metal or Glass Edge in Toys or Other Articles Intended for
Use by Children Under Eight Years of Age
16 CFR 1501 Method for Identifying Toys and Other Articles Intended for Use by Children Under Three Years of Age Which
Present Choking, Aspiration, or Ingestion Hazards Because of Small Parts
16 CFR 1303 Ban of Lead-Containing Paint and Certain Consumer Products Bearing Lead-Containing Paint
Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act
2.3 ANSI Standards:
ANSI Z535.4 American National Standard for Product Safety Signs and Labels
ANSI Z535.6 American National Standard for Product Safety Information in Product Manuals, Instructions, and Other
Collateral Materials
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 conspicuous, adj—visible, when the product is in the manufacturer’s recommended use position, to a person positioned
near the infant floor seat at any one position around the seat but not necessarily from all positions.
3.1.2 double action release system, n—a mechanism requiring either two consecutive actions, the first of which must be
maintained while the second is carried out, or two separate and independent simultaneous actions to fully release.
3.1.3 fabric, n—any woven, knit, coated, laminated, extruded, or calendered flexible material that is intended to be sewn,
welded, heat sealed, or glued together as an assembly.
3.1.4 front torso support, n—a barrier extending horizontally across the seat of the product that is the primary support intended
to restrict forward movement of the occupant’s torso and creates a completely or partially bounded opening in front of the
occupant.
3.1.5 manufacturer’s recommended use position, n—any position that is presented as a normal, allowable, or acceptable
configuration for the use of the product by the manufacturer in any descriptive or instructional literature.
3.1.5.1 Discussion—
This specifically excludes positions that the manufacturer shows in a like manner in its literature to be unacceptable, unsafe, or
not recommended.
3.1.6 nonpaper label, n—any label material, such as plastic or metal, which either will not tear without the aid of tools or tears
leaving a sharply defined edge.
3.1.7 occupant, n—individual who is in a product that is set up in any of the manufacturer’s recommended use positions.
3.1.8 paper label, n—any label material which tears without the aid of tools and leaves a fibrous edge.
3.1.9 protective component, n—any component used for protection from sharp edges, points, or entrapment of fingers or toes.
3.1.9.1 Discussion—
Examples of protective components include caps, sleeves, and plugs.
3.1.10 seam, n—means of joining fabric components, such as sewing, welding, heat sealing, or gluing.
3.1.11 seating surface, n—seat support surface for the occupant that exists between the side surfaces, seat back surface, and the
INNER SURFACE of the passive crotch restraint.
3.1.12 static load, n—vertically downward load applied by weights or others means.
3.1.13 test surface, n—impregnated high-pressure laminate of unspecified color with a smooth matte finish.
Available from U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Washington, DC 20401-0001, http://www.access.gpo.gov.
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
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4. Calibration and Standardization
4.1 All testing shall be conducted on a concrete floor that may be covered with ⁄8 in. (3 mm) thick vinyl flooring covering,
unless test instructs differently.
4.2 The product shall be completely assembled, unless otherwise noted, in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
4.3 No testing shall be conducted within 48 h of manufacturing.
4.4 The product to be tested shall be in a room with ambient temperature of 7373 °F 6 9°F (239 °F (23 °C 6 5°C)5 °C) for
at least 1 h prior to testing. Testing shall then be conducted within this temperature range.
4.5 All testing required by this consumer safety specification shall be conducted on the same unit.
5. General Requirements
5.1 There shall be no hazardous sharp points or edges as defined by 16 CFR 1500.48 and 16 CFR 1500.49 before or after testing
to this specification.
5.2 There shall be no small parts as defined by 16 CFR 1501 before testing or liberated as a result of testing to this specification.
5.3 Product shall comply with 16 CFR 1303 – Ban of Lead-Containing Paint and Certain Consumer Products Bearing
Lead-Containing Paint.
5.4 Product must comply with the applicable requirements of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act.
5.5 Prior to testing, any exposed wood parts shall be smooth and free from splinters.
5.6 Latching or Locking Mechanisms—If a product is designed with a latching or locking device that prevents unintentional
folding, the product shall meet either 5.6.1 or 5.6.2. The latching or locking device shall remain engaged and operative after all
testing.
5.6.1 The latching or locking device shall be a double action release mechanism.
5.6.2 The latching or locking device shall not release and shall remain operative when tested in accordance with 7.2.
5.7 Scissoring, Shearing, and Pinching—The product, when in the manufacturer’s recommended use position(s), shall be
designed and constructed to prevent injury to the occupant from any scissoring, shearing, or pinching when members or
components rotate about a common axis or fastening point, slide, pivot, fold, or otherwise move relative to one another. Scissoring,
shearing, or pinching that may cause injury exists when the edges of the rigid parts admit a probe greater than 0.210 in. (5.33 mm)
and less than 0.375 in. (9.53 mm) diameter at any accessible point throughout the range of motion of such parts.
5.8 Openings—Holes or slots that extend entirely through a wall section of any rigid material less than 0.375-in. (9.53-mm)
thick and admit a 0.210-in. (5.33-mm) diameter rod shall also admit a 0.375-in. (9.53-mm) diameter rod. Holes or slots that are
between 0.210 in. and 0.375 in. (5.33 mm and 9.53 mm) and have a wall thickness less than 0.375 in. (9.53 mm) but are limited
in depth to 0.375 in. (9.53 mm) maximum by another rigid surface shall be permissible (see Fig. 1). The product shall be evaluated
in all manufacturer’s recommended use positions.
5.9 Exposed Coil Springs—Any exposed coil spring which is accessible to the occupant, having or capable of generating a space
between coils of 0.210 in. (5.33 mm) or greater during static load testing in accordance with 7.4 shall be covered or otherwise
designed to prevent injury from entrapment.
5.10 Protective Components—If the child can grasp components between the thumb and forefinger, or teeth, or if there is at least
0.04 in. (1.0 mm) gap between the component and its adjacent parent component, such component shall not be removed when
tested in accordance with 7.1. All protective components that are accessible to a child in the product or accessible to a child from
any position around the product shall be evaluated.
5.11 Labeling:
5.11.1 Warning labels (whether paper or non-paper) shall be permanent when tested in accordance with 7.8.1 – 7.8.3.
5.11.2 Warning statements applied directly onto the surface of the product by hot stamping, heat transfer, printing, wood
burning, etc. shall be permanent when tested in accordance with 7.8.4.
5.11.3 Non-paper labels shall not liberate small parts when tested in accordance with 7.8.5.
5.12 Toys—Toy accessories attached to, removable from, or sold with an infant floor seat, as well as their means of attachment,
shall comply with the applicable requirements of Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety F963.
5.13 If the infant floor seat can be converted into another product for which a consumer safety specification exists, the product
shall comply with the applicable requirements of that standard.
6. Performance Requirements
6.1 Stability – Forward, Sideward, and Rearward—Stability: The infant floor seat shall not tip over when tested in accordance
with 7.3.
6.1.1 Products which include an active restraint system shall not tip over when tested in accordance with 7.3.1.
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FIG. 1 Opening Example
6.1.2 Products which do not include an active restraint system shall not tip over when tested in accordance with 7.3.2.
6.2 Structural Integrity—At test conclusion there shall be no failure of seams, breakage of materials, or changes of adjustments
that could cause the product to not fully support the child or create a hazardous condition as defined in Section 5.
6.2.1 Static Load—The infant floor seat shall support a static load in accordance with 7.4 and not create any failures as listed
in 6.2.
6.2.2 Dynamic Load—The infant floor seat shall support a dynamic load in accordance with 7.5 and not create any failures as
listed in 6.2.
6.3 Occupant Retention—Restraint—The infant floor seat shall have a means of containing the occupant within the product that
product. If the product includes an active occupant restraint system, the restraint system shall comply with eitherthe 6.3.1 or
following:6.3.2.
6.3.1 The restraint system shall include both waist and crotch restraint designed such that the use of the crotch restraint is
mandatory when the restraint system is in use.
6.3.2 The anchorages for the restraint system shall not separate from their attachment points when tested in accordance with
7.6.
6.3.3 The product shall include an active occupant restraint system that complies with the following.Before shipment, the
restraint system shall be completely attached to the seat in a manufacturer’s recommended use position and in such a manner as
to not become detached through normal use.
6.3.1.1 The restraint system shall include both waist and crotch restraint designed such that the use of the crotch restraint is
mandatory when the restraint system is in use.
6.3.1.2 The anchorages for the restraint system shall not separate from their attachment points when tested in accordance with
7.6.
6.3.1.3 Before shipment, the restraint system shall be completely attached to the seat in a manufacturer’s recommended use
position and in such a manner as to not become detached through normal use.
6.3.2 The Infant Hinged Weight Gage (Fig. 2) shall be retained in the seat when tested in accordance with 7.9.
6.4 Bounded Openings—Any completely bounded opening that exists in the front, sides, or back of the occupant seating area,
or that is created when a tray, front torso support, or other accessory is attached to the product, shall not allow complete passage
of the wedge block when tested in accordance with 7.7. During testing in accordance with 7.7, the tray, front torso support, or other
accessory that creates all or any part of the bounded opening shall remain functional and shall not exhibit breakage.
7. Test Methods
7.1 Removal of Protective Components:
7.1.1 Any protective component shall be tested in accordance with each of the following methods in the sequence listed.
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FIG. 23 Hinged Weight Gage – InfantGauge – Infant
7.1.2 Secure the product so that it cannot move during the performance of the following tests.
7.1.3 Torque Test—Gradually apply a torque of 4 lbf-in. (0.5 N-m) (0.5 N-m) over a period of 5 s to the component in a
clockwise direction until a rotation of 180° from the original position has been attained or 4 lbf-in. (0.5 N-m) has been exceeded.
The torque or maximum rotation shall be maintained for an additional 10 s. The torque shall then be removed and the test
components permitted to return to a relaxed condition. This procedure shall then be repeated in the counter-clockwise direction.
7.1.4 Tension Test:
7.1.4.1 Attach a force gauge to the protective component by means of any suitable device. For components that cannot
reasonably be expected to be grasped between thumb and forefinger, or teeth, on their outer diameter but have a gap of 0.04 in.
(1.0 mm) or more between the rear surface of the component and the structural member of the product to which they are attached,
a clamp such as shown in Fig. 32 may be a suitable device.
7.1.4.2 Be sure the attachment device does not compress or expand the component hindering any possible removal.
7.1.4.3 Gradually apply a force of 15 lbf (67 N) over a period of 5 s in the direction that would normally be associated with
the removal of the protective component. Hold for an additional 10 s.
7.2 Single Action Release Mechanism:
7.2.1 Set up the product in the manufacturer’s recommended use position.
7.2.2 If the mechanism requires
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