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ASTM D1093-04

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Acidity of Hydrocarbon Liquids and Their Distillation Residues

Standard Test Method for Acidity of Hydrocarbon Liquids and Their Distillation Residues

SCOPE
DESIG: D1093 04 ^TITLE: Standard Test Method for Acidity of Hydrocarbon Liquids and Their Distillation Residues ^SCOPE:1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the qualitative determination of the acidity of hydrocarbon liquids and their distillation residues. (Warning-Many hydrocarbon liquids are extremely flammable. Harmful if inhaled. Hydrocarbon liquid vapors can cause a flash fire.)
1.2 If desired to determine the basicity of a hydrocarbon liquid, proceed in accordance with or , but substitute 3 drops of phenolphthalein indicator solution for the methyl orange indicator. A pink or red color in the aqueous solution when phenolphthalein is used indicates basicity.
1.3 The results obtained by this method are qualitative expressions. However, for the preparation of reagents and in the procedure, acceptable SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Nov-2004
ICS
75.080 - Petroleum products in general
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.06 - Analysis of Liquid Fuels and Lubricants
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D1093-98 - Standard Test Method for Acidity of Hydrocarbon Liquids and Their Distillation Residues
Effective Date
01-Dec-2004
Replaced By
ASTM D1093-04(2007) - Standard Test Method for Acidity of Hydrocarbon Liquids and Their Distillation Residues
Effective Date
01-May-2007

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ASTM D1093-04 - Standard Test Method for Acidity of Hydrocarbon Liquids and Their Distillation Residues
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
Designation:D1093–04
Standard Test Method for
Acidity of Hydrocarbon Liquids and Their Distillation
1
Residues
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1093; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D 4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
1.1 This test method covers the qualitative determination of
Petroleum Products
the acidity of hydrocarbon liquids and their distillation resi-
D 4177 Practice forAutomatic Sampling of Petroleum and
dues. (Warning—Many hydrocarbon liquids are extremely
Petroleum Products
flammable. Harmful if inhaled. Hydrocarbon liquid vapors can
cause a flash fire.)
3. Terminology
1.2 If desired to determine the basicity of a hydrocarbon
3.1 Definitions:
liquid, proceed in accordance with 9.2 or 9.3, but substitute 3
3.1.1 acidity, n—the quality, state or degree of being acid.
drops of phenolphthalein indicator solution for the methyl
3.1.2 Discussion—In this test method, the criterion for
orange indicator. A pink or red color in the aqueous solution
acidity is a pink or red color when methyl orange indicator is
when phenolphthalein is used indicates basicity.
used.
1.3 The results obtained by this method are qualitative
3.1.3 basicity, n—the quality, state or degree of being basic.
expressions. However, for the preparation of reagents and in
3.1.4 Discussion—In this test method, the criterion for
the procedure, acceptable SI units are to be regarded as the
basicity is a pink or red color when phenolphthalein indicator
standard.
is used.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.5 distillation residue, n—that portion of the sample
safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the
remaining after distillation using specified procedures.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4. Summary of Test Method
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1 The sample of distillation residue or hydrocarbon liquid
2. Referenced Documents is shaken with water and the aqueous layer tested for acidity to
2 methyl orange indicator.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.2 The aqueous layer can also be tested for basicity using
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products
phenolphthalein indicator.
D91 Test Method for Precipitation Number of Lubricating
Oils
5. Significance and Use
D 850 Test Method for Distillation of Industrial Aromatic
5.1 Some petroleum products are treated with mineral acid
Hydrocarbons and Related Materials
as part of the refining procedure. Obviously, any residual
D 1078 Test Method for Distillation Range of Volatile
mineral acid in a petroleum product is undesirable. The
Organic Liquids
absence of a positive indication in the test for acidity of the
distillation residue or aqueous extract of a hydrocarbon liquid
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
is an assurance of the care used in refining the fuel or solvent.
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.06 on Analysis of Lubricants.
6. Apparatus
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2004. Published December 2004. Originally
approved in 1950. Last previous issue approved in 1998 as D 1093 – 98. 6.1 Centrifuge Tube, cone-shaped, 100-mL capacity; cali-
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
bration not necessary.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
6.2 Centrifuge, capable of swinging two centrifuge tubes at
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
1500 rpm.
the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1093–04
NOTE 1—Apparatus used for Test MethodD91 is satisfactory.
9.2 Distillation Residue—After measuring the percent resi-
due collected from the distillation by Test MethodD86, Test
7. Reagents
Method D 850, or Test Method D 1078 as required, extract the
7.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
residuewithwaterasdescribedbelow.Useeitherthegraduated
used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
cylinder containing the residue from the distillation procedure
all reagents shall conform to the specificatio
...

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SCOPE
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SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the procedures for calculating the estimated kinematic viscosity of a blend of two or more petroleum products, such as lubricating oil base stocks, fuel components, residual fuel oil with kerosene, crude oils, and related products, from their kinematic viscosities and blend fractions.  
1.2 This practice allows for the estimation of the fraction of each of two petroleum products needed to prepare a blend meeting a specific viscosity.  
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1.5 Logarithms may be either common logarithms or natural logarithms, as long as the same are used consistently. This practice uses common logarithms. If natural logarithms are used, the inverse function, exp(×), must be used in place of the base 10 exponential function, 10×, used herein.  
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Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography

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5.1 The boiling range distribution of petroleum fractions provides an insight into the composition of feedstocks and products related to petroleum refining processes. The gas chromatographic simulation of this determination can be used to replace conventional distillation methods for control of refining operations. This test method can be used for product specification testing with the mutual agreement of interested parties.  
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5.3 Procedure B was tested with biodiesel mixtures and reports the Boiling Point Distribution of FAME esters of vegetable and animal origin mixed with ultra low sulfur diesel.
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1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  For specific warning statements, see 7.3.  
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