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ASTM E2223-02

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Examination of Seamless, Gas-Filled, Steel Pressure Vessels Using Angle Beam Ultrasonics

Standard Practice for Examination of Seamless, Gas-Filled, Steel Pressure Vessels Using Angle Beam Ultrasonics

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The purpose of this practice is to provide a procedure for locating, detecting and estimating the relevance of longitudinally oriented crack-like discontinuities which have been previously indicated by AE examination.
This practice may be used for a pressure vessel that is situated in such a way as to limit access to the vessel’wall. Typical examples include tube trailers and gas tube railroad cars. Since the pressure vessels are stacked horizontally in a frame, with limited space between them, the circumferential location of a discontinuity may be a distance away from the search unit (several skip distances).
This practice has been shown to be effective for cylinders between 9 in. (229 mm) and 24 in. (610 mm) in diameter and wall thicknesses between 1/4 in. (6.4 mm) to 1 in. (26 mm) with discontinuities that are oriented longitudinally in pressure vessel sidewall.
To be reliably detected by the procedure in this practice, a significant part of the reflecting surface must be transverse to the beam direction.
Evaluation of possible discontinuity in the end faces indicated by AE is not covered by this practice.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes a contact angle-beam shear wave ultrasonic technique to detect and locate the circumferential position of longitudinally oriented discontinuities and to compare the amplitude of the indication from such discontinuities to that of a specified reference notch. This practice does not address examination of the vessel ends. The basic principles of contact angle-beam examination can be found in Practice E 587. Application to pipe and tubing, including the use of notches for standardization, is described in Practice E 213.
1.2 This practice is appropriate for the ultrasonic examination of cylindrical sections of gas-filled, seamless, steel pressure vessels such as those used for the storage and transportation of pressurized gasses. It is applicable to both isolated vessels and those in assemblies.
1.3 The practice is intended to be used following an Acoustic Emission (AE) examination of stacked seamless gaseous pressure vessels (with limited surface scanning area) described in Test Method E 1419.
1.4 This practice does not establish acceptance criteria. These are determined by the reference notch dimensions, which must be specified by the using parties.
Note 1—Background information relating to the technical requirements of this practice can be found in the references sited in Test Method E 1419, Appendix X1.
1.5 Dimensional values stated in in-pound units are regarded as standard; SI equivalents, in parentheses may be approximate.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Jul-2002
ICS
19.100 - Non-destructive testing
Technical Committee
E07 - Nondestructive Testing
Drafting Committee
E07.06 - Ultrasonic Method
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM E2223-07 - Standard Practice for Examination of Seamless, Gas-Filled, Steel Pressure Vessels Using Angle Beam Ultrasonics
Effective Date
01-Dec-2007
Referred By
ASTM E1419/E1419M-15a(2020) - Standard Practice for Examination of Seamless, Gas-Filled, Pressure Vessels Using Acoustic Emission
Effective Date
10-Jul-2002
Referred By
ASTM E543-21 - Standard Specification for Agencies Performing Nondestructive Testing
Effective Date
10-Jul-2002

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ASTM E2223-02 - Standard Practice for Examination of Seamless, Gas-Filled, Steel Pressure Vessels Using Angle Beam UltrasonicsASTM E2223-02 - Standard Practice for Examination of Seamless, Gas-Filled, Steel Pressure Vessels Using Angle Beam Ultrasonics
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ASTM E2223-02 - Standard Practice for Examination of Seamless, Gas-Filled, Steel Pressure Vessels Using Angle Beam Ultrasonics
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:E2223–02
Standard Practice for
Examination of Seamless, Gas-Filled, Steel Pressure
Vessels Using Angle Beam Ultrasonics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 2223; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 Thispracticedescribesacontactangle-beamshearwave 2.1 ASTM Standards:
ultrasonic technique to detect and locate the circumferential E 213 Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Metal Pipe
position of longitudinally oriented discontinuities and to com- and Tubing
pare the amplitude of the indication from such discontinuities E 543 Practice for Agencies Performing Nondestructive
to that of a specified reference notch. This practice does not Testing
address examination of the vessel ends. The basic principles of E 587 Practice for Ultrasonic Angle-Beam Examination by
contact angle-beam examination can be found in Practice the Contact Method
E 587. Application to pipe and tubing, including the use of E 1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
notches for standardization, is described in Practice E 213. E 1419 Test Method for Examination of Seamless, Gas-
1.2 This practice is appropriate for the ultrasonic examina- Filled, Pressure Vessels Using Acoustic Emission
tion of cylindrical sections of gas-filled, seamless, steel pres- 2.2 ASNT Documents:
sure vessels such as those used for the storage and transporta- Recommended Practice SNT-TC-1A for Personnel Qualifi-
tion of pressurized gasses. It is applicable to both isolated cation and Certification
vessels and those in assemblies. ANSI/ASNT-CP-189 Standard for Qualification and Certi-
1.3 The practice is intended to be used following an fication of Nondestructive Testing Personnel
Acoustic Emission (AE) examination of stacked seamless 2.3 AIA Document:
gaseous pressure vessels (with limited surface scanning area) NAS-410 Nondestructive Testing Personnel Qualification
described in Test Method E 1419. and Certification
1.4 This practice does not establish acceptance criteria.
3. Terminology
These are determined by the reference notch dimensions,
3.1 Terminology relating to this practice for angle-beam
which must be specified by the using parties.
shear wave ultrasonic examination is defined in Terminology
NOTE 1—Background information relating to the technical require-
E 1316.
ments of this practice can be found in the references sited in Test Method
E 1419, Appendix X1.
4. Summary of Methodology
1.5 Dimensional values stated in in-pound units are re-
4.1 An ultrasonic pulse-echo contact angle-beam, shear
garded as standard; SI equivalents, in parentheses may be
wave technique with the beam directed circumferentially is
approximate.
used to locate surface breaking discontinuities in the cylindri-
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
cal wall of a pressure vessel. The amplitude of the reflected
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
signal from the discontinuity is compared to that of a known
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
reference notch. Scanning is performed in both clockwise and
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
counter clockwise directions to detect and confirm the position
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
of the discontinuity identified in the AE examination report.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.03.
1 3
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nonde- Available from the American Society for Nondestructive Testing, 1711 Arlin-
structive Testing and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.06 on gate Lane, P.O. Box 28518, Columbus, OH 43228-0518.
Ultrasonic Method. Available from Aerospace Industries Association of America, Inc., 1250 Eye
Current edition approved July 10, 2002. Published September 2002. St., NW, Washington, DC 20005.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
E2223–02
5. Significance and Use be defined in accordance with Section 8 and by the regulatory
authority or stated in the contractual agreement.
5.1 Thepurposeofthispracticeistoprovideaprocedurefor
6.5 Reexamination of Repaired/Reworked Items
locating, detecting and estimating the relevance of longitudi-
6.5.1 Reexamination of repaired/reworked items is not ad-
nally oriented crack-like discontinuities which have been
dressed in this standard and if required shall be specified by the
previously indicated by AE examination.
regulatory authority, or stated in the contractual agreement, or
5.2 This practice may be used for a pressure vessel that is
both.
situated in such a way as to limit access to the vessel’s wall.
Typical examples include tube trailers and gas tube railroad
7. Apparatus
cars. Since the pressure vessels are stacked horizontally in a
frame, with limited space between them, the circumferential
7.1 Ultrasonicpulse-echoinstrumentationshallhaveamini-
location of a discontinuity may be a distance away from the 1
mum capacity of examining at center frequencies from 2 ⁄4 to
search unit (several skip distances).
5 MHz. The instrument, search units and related equipment
5.3 This practice has been shown to be effective for cylin-
shall be cable of displaying the peak amplitude of the indica-
ders between 9 in. (229 mm) and 24 in. (610 mm) in diameter
tion from the reference notch in the standardization ring, as
and wall thicknesses between ⁄4 in. (6.4 mm) to 1 in. (26 mm)
described in Section 8, and locating its circumferential position
with discontinuities that are oriented longitudinally in pressure
over the full sweep range required for coverage of the vessel to
vessel sidewall.
be examined.
5.4 To be reliably detected by the procedure in this practice,
7.1.1 Each search unit used for this technique shall have the
a significant part of the reflecting surface must be transverse to
appropriate frequency and refracted angle for the material and
the beam direction.
geometry of the pressure vessel that is being examined. The
5.5 Evaluation of possible discontinuity in the end faces
frequency and angle of the search unit is selected during
indicated by AE is not covered by this practice.
standardization and is related to diameter, wall thickness and
the type of steel used for the vessel and corresponding
6. Basis of Application
standardization rings.
7.1.1.1 The angle and frequency of the search unit to be
6.1 Personnel Qualification
used shall be determined by using different search units on a
6.1.1 If specified in the contractual agreement, personnel
reference ring that represents the examination piece. A search
performing examinations to this standard shall be qualified in
unit which can satisfactorily detect and display the indication
accordance with a nationally recognized NDT personnel quali-
from the notch in the reference ring at the maximum distance
fication practice or standard such as ANSI/ASNT-CP-189,
to be used during the examination shall be selected for setting
SNT-TC-1A, NAS-410, or a similar document and certified by
up the DistanceAmplitude Correction (DAC) curve for exami-
the employer or certifying agency, as applicable. The standard
nation in accordance with 9.3.
used and its applicable revision shall be specified by the
7.1.1.2 Select search units for evaluation from those having
regulatory authority, or stated in the contractual agreement, or
both. frequencies 2 ⁄4 and 5 MHz with refracted angles of 45° to 75°
in steel, and in available commercial sizes. Those producing
6.1.2 Additional Personnel Training
the required sensitivity and DAC response on the appropriate
6.1.2.1 Personnel performing this type of examination shall
reference ring are acceptable. These search units have gener-
have additional training in the following topics.
ally been found satisfactory for the examination of the type of
6.1.3 Construction and manufacturing techniques for seam-
vessels specified in 5.3.
less steel pressure vessels.
7.1.1.3 The search unit shall be comprised of a transducer
6.1.4 Familiarity with the types of discontinuities that may
mountedonaplasticwedgethatisdesignedtohavecontinuous
occur in this type of pressure vessels.
acoustic coupling between search unit and the pressure vessel
6.2 Qualification of Nondestructive Agencies
wall.
6.2.1 If specified in the contractual agreement, NDT agen-
cies shall be qualified and evaluated as described in the
NOTE 2—This is usually accomplished with a wedge that is radiused to
applicable Sections 5 through 9 of Practice E 543. The appli-
match the
...

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Standard Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The terms found in this standard are intended to be used uniformly and consistently in all nondestructive testing standards. The purpose of this standard is to promote a clear understanding and interpretation of the NDT standards in which they are used.
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1.1 This standard covers the terminology used in the standards prepared by the E07 Committee on Nondestructive Testing. These nondestructive testing (NDT) methods include: acoustic emission, electromagnetic testing, gamma- and X-radiology, leak testing, liquid penetrant testing, magnetic particle testing, neutron radiology and gauging, ultrasonic testing, and other technical methods.  
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Note 1: The following sentences clarify this policy and illustrate its use:
(a) Nondestructive testing methods are used extensively for the examination or inspection of materials and components.
(b) The E07 Committee on Nondestructive Testing has prepared many documents to promote uniform usage of the nondestructive testing methods that are applied to examine or inspect materials and components.  
(c) Radiologic Testing (RT) is often used to inspect material to detect internal discontinuities.
(d) Magnetic Particle Testing (MT), Liquid Penetrant Testing (PT), and Visual Testing (VT) are often used to examine the surface of a component.
(e) The Bubble Leak Testing (BLT) method is sometimes used to leak test a pressure containing component to detect leaks.
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1.3 Section A defines terms that are common to multiple NDT methods, whereas the subsequent sections define terms pertaining to specific NDT methods.  
1.4 As shown on the chart below, when a nondestructive examination or inspection produces an indication, the indication is subject to interpretation as false, nonrelevant, or relevant. If it has been interpreted as relevant, the necessary subsequent evaluation will result in the decision to accept or reject the material. With the exception of accept and reject, which retain the meaning found in most dictionaries, all the words used in the chart are defined in Section A.    
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM E1742/E1742M-23(Practice)
Standard Practice for Radiographic Examination

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice establishes the basic parameters for the application and control of the radiographic method. This practice is written so it can be specified on the engineering drawing, specification, or contract. It is not a detailed how-to procedure to be used by the NDT facility and, therefore, must be supplemented by a detailed procedure (see 6.1). Practices E1030/E1030M, E1032, and E1416 contain information to help develop detailed technique/procedure requirements.
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1.2 Applicability—The criteria for the radiographic examination in this practice are applicable to all types of metallic and nonmetallic materials. When specified, it may be used for radiographic inspection of metallic or non-metallic materials, weldments, castings, and brazed materials. The requirements expressed in this practice are intended to control the quality of the radiographic images and are not intended to establish acceptance criteria for parts and materials.  
1.3 Basis of Application—There are areas in this practice that may require agreement between the cognizant engineering organization and the supplier, or specific direction from the cognizant engineering organization. These items should be addressed in the purchase order or the contract.  
1.3.1 DoD contracts.  
1.3.2 Personnel qualification, 5.1.1.  
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1.3.7 Non-film techniques, 6.7.  
1.3.8 Radiographic quality levels, 6.9.  
1.3.9 Optical density, 6.10.  
1.3.10 IQI qualification exposure, 6.13.3.  
1.3.11 Non-requirement for IQI, 6.18.  
1.3.12 Examination coverage for welds, A2.2.2.  
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1.3.14 Geometric unsharpness, 6.23.  
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1.3.19 Reproduction of radiographs, 6.27.10 and 6.27.10.1.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 As with conventional radiography, radioscopic examination is broadly applicable to the many materials and object configurations which may be penetrated with X-rays or gamma rays. The high degree of variation in architecture and performance among radioscopic systems due to component selection, physical arrangement, and object variables makes it necessary to establish the performance that the selected radioscopic system is capable of achieving in specific applications. The manufacturer or integrator of the radioscopic system, as well as the user, require a common basis for determining the performance level of the radioscopic system.  
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1.1 This practice covers procedures for matrix array ultrasonic testing (MAUT) of monolithic composites, composite sandwich constructions, and metallic test articles. These procedures can be used throughout the life cycle of a part during product and process design optimization, on line process control, post-manufacturing inspection, and in-service inspection.  
1.2 In general, ultrasonic testing is a common volumetric method for detection of embedded or subsurface discontinuities. This practice includes general requirements and procedures which may be used for detecting flaws and for making a relative or approximate evaluation of the size of discontinuities and part anomalies. The types of flaws or discontinuities detected include interply delaminations, foreign object debris (FOD), inclusions, disbond/un-bond, fiber debonding, fiber fracture, porosity, voids, impact damage, thickness variation, and corrosion.  
1.3 Typical test articles include monolithic composite layups such as uniaxial, cross ply and angle ply laminates, sandwich constructions, bonded structures, and filament windings, as well as forged, wrought and cast metallic parts. Two techniques can be considered based on accessibility of the inspection surface: namely, pulse echo inspection for one-sided access and through-transmission for two-sided access. As used in this practice, both require the use of a pulsed straight-beam ultrasonic longitudinal wave followed by observing indications of either the reflected (pulse-echo) or received (through transmission) wave.  
1.4 This practice provides two ultrasonic test procedures. Each has its own merits and requirements for inspection and shall be selected as agreed upon in a contractual document.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The POD analysis method described herein is based on a well-known and well established statistical regression method. It shall be used to quantify the demonstrated POD for a specific set of examination parameters and known range of discontinuity sizes under the following conditions.  
5.1.1 The initial response from a nondestructive evaluation inspection system is ultimately binary in nature (that is, hit or miss).  
5.1.2 Discontinuity size is the predictor variable and can be accurately quantified.  
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5.3 If the initial response from a nondestructive evaluation inspection system is measurable and can be classified as a continuous variable (for example, data collected from an Eddy Current inspection system), then Practice E3023 may be more appropriate.  
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1.1 This practice covers the procedure for performing a statistical analysis on nondestructive testing hit/miss data to determine the demonstrated probability of detection (POD) for a specific set of examination parameters. Topics covered include the standard hit/miss POD curve formulation, validation techniques, and correct interpretation of results.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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Standard Guide for Detection and Evaluation of Discontinuities by Contact Pulse-Echo Straight-Beam Ultrasonic Methods

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
6.1 This guide provides procedures for the application of contact straight-beam examination for the detection and quantitative evaluation of discontinuities in materials.  
6.2 Although not all requirements of this guide can be applied universally to all examinations, situations, and materials, it does provide basis for establishing contractual criteria between the users, and may be used as a general guide for preparing detailed specifications for a particular application.  
6.3 This guide is directed towards the evaluation of discontinuities detectable with the beam normal to the entry surface. If discontinuities or other orientations are of concern, alternate scanning techniques are required.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers procedures for the contact ultrasonic examination of bulk materials or parts by transmitting pulsed ultrasonic waves into the material and observing the indications of reflected waves. This guide covers only examinations in which one search unit is used as both transmitter and receiver (pulse-echo). This guide includes general requirements and procedures that may be used for detecting discontinuities, locating depth and distance from a point of reference and for making a relative or approximate evaluation of the size of discontinuities as compared to a reference standard.  
1.2 This guide complements Practice E114 by providing more detailed procedures for the selection and standardization of the examination system and for evaluation of the indications obtained.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This guide does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this guide to establish the appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E165/E165M-23(Practice)
Standard Practice for Liquid Penetrant Testing for General Industry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Liquid penetrant testing methods indicate the presence, location, and to a limited extent, the nature and magnitude of the detected discontinuities. Each of the various penetrant methods has been designed for specific uses such as critical service items, volume of parts, portability, or localized areas of examination. The method selected will depend accordingly on the design and service requirements of the parts or materials being tested.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice2 covers procedures for penetrant examination of materials. Penetrant testing is a nondestructive testing method for detecting discontinuities that are open to the surface such as cracks, seams, laps, cold shuts, shrinkage, laminations, through leaks, or lack of fusion and is applicable to in-process, final, and maintenance examinations. It can be effectively used in the examination of nonporous, metallic materials, ferrous and nonferrous metals, and of nonmetallic materials such as nonporous glazed or fully densified ceramics, as well as certain nonporous plastics, and glass.  
1.2 This practice also provides a reference:  
1.2.1 By which a liquid penetrant examination process recommended or required by individual organizations can be reviewed to ascertain its applicability and completeness.  
1.2.2 For use in the preparation of process specifications and procedures dealing with the liquid penetrant testing of parts and materials. Agreement by the customer requesting penetrant testing is strongly recommended. All areas of this practice may be open to agreement between the cognizant engineering organization and the supplier, or specific direction from the cognizant engineering organization.  
1.2.3 For use in the organization of facilities and personnel concerned with liquid penetrant testing.  
1.3 This practice does not indicate or suggest criteria for evaluation of the indications obtained by penetrant testing. It should be pointed out, however, that after indications have been found, they must be interpreted or classified and then evaluated. For this purpose there must be a separate code, standard, or a specific agreement to define the type, size, location, and direction of indications considered acceptable, and those considered unacceptable.  
1.4 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E3388-23(Practice)
Standard Practice for Determining Image Unsharpness and Basic Spatial Resolution in Radiography and Radioscopy for High Energy Applications

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The gauge is intended to provide a means for measuring image or detector unsharpness and basic spatial image or detector resolution as independently as practicable from the imaging system and contrast sensitivity limitations. When the duplex plate gauge is positioned directly on the film or the digital detector instead on the test object, then the determined image unsharpness UIm corresponds to the inherent film or detector unsharpness (Udetector) and the determined basic spatial image resolution SRbimage corresponds to the basic spatial detector resolution SRbdetector. SRbimage provides a value which depends on the combined effect of detector unsharpness and geometric unsharpness.  
5.2 Basis of Application:  
5.2.1 The following items are subject to contractual agreement between the parties using or referencing this standard.
5.2.1.1 Personnel Qualification—Personnel performing examinations to this practice shall be qualified in accordance with NAS410, EN 4179, ANSI/ASNT CP 189, ISO 9712, or SNT-TC-1A and certified by the employer or certifying agency as applicable. Other equivalent qualification documents may be used when specified on the contract or purchase order. The applicable revision shall be the latest unless otherwise specified in the contractual agreement between parties.
5.2.1.2 If specified in the contractual agreement, NDT agencies shall be qualified and evaluated as described in Specification E543. The applicable edition of Specification E543 shall be specified in the contract.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the design and basic use of a gauge used to determine the image unsharpness and the basic spatial resolution of film radiographs or of digital images taken with CR imaging plates, digital detector arrays (DDA), or radioscopic systems (for example, with X-ray image intensifiers) for applications with Se-75, Ir-192, Co-60 and high energy sources with tube potentials ≥ 300 kV. The IQI may be used at lower tube potentials too, if the expected unsharpness is > 200 µm (SRbimage or SRbdetector > 100 µm). For the measurement of lower unsharpness values, the usage of the gauge described in Practice E2002 is recommended.  
1.2 This practice is applicable to radiographic and radioscopic imaging systems utilizing X-ray and gamma ray radiation sources.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 The gauge described can be used effectively if the duplex wire IQI of Practice E2002 does not provide sufficient contrast resolution.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E2663-23(Practice)
Standard Practice for Digital Imaging and Communication in Nondestructive Evaluation (DICONDE) for Ultrasonic Test Methods

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Personnel that are responsible for the creation, transfer, and storage of ultrasonic test results will use this standard. This practice defines a set of information modules that, along with Practice E2339 and the DICOM standard, provides a standard means to organize ultrasonic test parameters and results. The ultrasonic test results may be displayed and analyzed on any device that conforms to this standard. Personnel wishing to view any ultrasonic inspection data stored in DICONDE format may use this document to help them decode and display the data contained in the DICONDE compliant inspection record.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the interoperability of ultrasonic imaging equipment by specifying image data transfer and archival storage methods in commonly accepted terms. This document is intended to be used in conjunction with Practice E2339. Practice E2339 defines an industrial adaptation of NEMA PS3 / ISO 12052 (DICOM, see http://medical.nema.org), an international standard for image data acquisition, review, transfer, and archival storage. The goal of Practice E2339, commonly referred to as DICONDE, is to provide a standard that facilitates the display and analysis of NDE test results on any system conforming to the DICONDE standard. Toward that end, Practice E2339 provides a data dictionary and set of information modules that are applicable to all NDE modalities. This practice supplements Practice E2339 by providing information object definitions, information modules, and data dictionary that are specific to ultrasonic test methods.  
1.2 This practice has been developed to overcome the issues that arise when analyzing or archiving data from ultrasonic test equipment using proprietary data transfer and storage methods. As digital technologies evolve, data must remain decipherable through the use of open, industry-wide methods for data transfer and archival storage. This practice defines a method where all the ultrasonic technique parameters and test results are communicated and stored in a standard format regardless of changes in digital technology.  
1.3 This practice does not specify:  
1.3.1 A testing or validation procedure to assess an implementation's conformance to the standard.  
1.3.2 The implementation details of any features of the standard on a device claiming conformance.  
1.3.3 The overall set of features and functions to be expected from a system implemented by integrating a group of devices each claiming DICONDE conformance.  
1.4 Although this practice contains no values that require units, it does describe methods to store and communicate data that do require units to be properly interpreted. The SI units required by this practice are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E2934-23(Practice)
Standard Practice for Digital Imaging and Communication in Nondestructive Evaluation (DICONDE) for Eddy Current (EC) Test Methods

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Personnel that are responsible for the creation, transfer, and storage of eddy current NDE test results will use this standard. This practice defines a set of information modules that, along with Practice E2339 and the DICOM standard, provide a standard means to organize eddy current test parameters and results. The eddy current examination results may be displayed or analyzed on any device that conforms to the standard. Personnel wishing to view any eddy current examination data stored according to Practice E2339 may use this document to help them decode and display the data contained in the DICONDE compliant inspection record.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the interoperability of eddy current imaging and data acquisition equipment by specifying the image data transfer and archival storage in commonly accepted terms. This document is intended to be used in conjunction with Practice E2339 on Digital Imaging and Communication in Nondestructive Evaluation (DICONDE). Practice E2339 defines an industrial adaptation of NEMA PS3 / ISO 12052, an international standard for image data acquisition, review, storage, and archival storage. The goal of Practice E2339, commonly referred to as DICONDE, is to provide a standard that facilitates the display and analysis of NDE results on any system conforming to the DICONDE standard. Toward that end, Practice E2339 provides a data dictionary and a set of information modules that are applicable to all NDE modalities. This practice supplements Practice E2339 by providing information object definitions, information modules, and a data dictionary that are specific to eddy current test methods.  
1.2 This practice has been developed to overcome the issues that arise when analyzing or archiving data from eddy current test equipment using proprietary data transfer and storage methods. As digital technologies evolve, data must remain decipherable through the use of open, industry-wide methods for data transfer and archival storage. This practice defines a method where all the eddy current technique parameters and inspection data are communicated and stored in a standard manner regardless of changes in digital technology.  
1.3 This practice does not specify:  
1.3.1 A testing or validation procedure to assess an implementation's conformance to the standard,  
1.3.2 The implementation details of any features of the standard on a device claiming conformance, or  
1.3.3 The overall set of features and functions to be expected from a system implemented by integrating a group of devices each claiming DICONDE conformance.  
1.4 Units—Although this practice contains no values that require units, it does describe methods to store and communicate data that do require units to be properly interpreted. The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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