Standard Specification for Coal Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete

ABSTRACT
This specification covers coal fly ash and raw or calcined natural pozzolan for use in concrete where cementitious or pozzolanic action, or both, is desired, or where other properties normally attributed to fly ash or pozzolans may be desired, or where both objectives are to be achieved. Fly ash and natural pozzolans shall conform to the prescribed chemical composition requirements and physical requirements. The materials shall be tested for fineness, strength activity index, water requirement, soundness, and autoclave expansion or contraction.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers coal ash resulting from the combustion of coal, and raw or calcined natural pozzolan, for use in concrete where cementitious or pozzolanic action, or both, is desired, or where other properties normally attributed to coal ash or natural pozzolans may be desired, or where both objectives are to be achieved.  
Note 1: Finely divided materials may tend to reduce the entrained air content of concrete. Hence, if a coal ash or natural pozzolan is added to any concrete for which entrainment of air is specified, provision should be made to ensure that the specified air content is maintained by air content tests and by use of additional air-entraining admixture or use of an air-entraining admixture in combination with air-entraining hydraulic cement.    
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes, which provide explanatory information. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
28-Feb-2023
Current Stage
Ref Project

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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C618 − 23
Standard Specification for
Coal Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in
1
Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C618; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* C136/C136M Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and
Coarse Aggregates
1.1 This specification covers coal ash resulting from the
C311/C311M Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Fly
combustion of coal, and raw or calcined natural pozzolan, for
Ash or Natural Pozzolans for Use in Portland-Cement
use in concrete where cementitious or pozzolanic action, or
Concrete
both, is desired, or where other properties normally attributed
C1778 Guide for Reducing the Risk of Deleterious Alkali-
to coal ash or natural pozzolans may be desired, or where both
Aggregate Reaction in Concrete
objectives are to be achieved.
3. Terminology
NOTE 1—Finely divided materials may tend to reduce the entrained air
content of concrete. Hence, if a coal ash or natural pozzolan is added to
3.1 Definitions:
any concrete for which entrainment of air is specified, provision should be
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this specification refer
made to ensure that the specified air content is maintained by air content
to Terminology C125.
tests and by use of additional air-entraining admixture or use of an
air-entraining admixture in combination with air-entraining hydraulic
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
cement.
3.2.1 coal ash, n—fly ash and bottom ash resulting from the
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
process of combustion of ground or powdered coal obtained
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this either from current power plant production or harvested from
standard.
landfills or impoundments.
3.2.2 bottom ash, n—ash that results from the process of
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes,
which provide explanatory information. These notes and foot- combustion of ground or powdered coal that is not transported
notes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be by flue gases.
considered as requirements of the standard.
3.2.2.1 Discussion—This definition of bottom ash does not
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
include the residue resulting from: (1) fluidized bed
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
combustion, (2) the burning of municipal solid waste or any
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
other refuse with coal, or (3) the burning of industrial or
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
municipal solid waste in incinerators.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4. Classification
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4.1 Class N—Raw or calcined natural pozzolans that com-
2. Referenced Documents
ply with the applicable requirements for the class as given
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
herein, such as some diatomaceous earths; opaline cherts and
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-
shales; tuffs and volcanic ashes or pumicites, calcined or
gregates
uncalcined; and various materials requiring calcination to
induce satisfactory properties, such as some clays and shales.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on
4.2 Class F—Coal ash that meets the applicable require-
Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
C09.24 on Supplementary Cementitious Materials.
ments for this class as given herein. This class of coal ash has
Current edition approved March 1, 2023. Published March 2023. Originally
pozzolanic properties.
approved in 1968. Last previous edition approved in 2022 as C618–22. DOI:
10.1520/C0618-23.
4.3 Class C—Coal ash that meets the applicable require-
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
ments for this class as given herein. This class of coal ash, in
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
addition to having pozzolanic properties, also has some cemen-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. titious properties.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C618 − 23
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Class
N F C
Silic
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C618 − 22 C618 − 23
Standard Specification for
Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use
1
in Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C618; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers coal fly ash ash resulting from the combustion of coal, and raw or calcined natural pozzolan, for use
in concrete where cementitious or pozzolanic action, or both, is desired, or where other properties normally attributed to flycoal
ash or natural pozzolans may be desired, or where both objectives are to be achieved.
NOTE 1—Finely divided materials may tend to reduce the entrained air content of concrete. Hence, if a flycoal ash or natural pozzolan is added to any
concrete for which entrainment of air is specified, provision should be made to ensure that the specified air content is maintained by air content tests and
by use of additional air-entraining admixture or use of an air-entraining admixture in combination with air-entraining hydraulic cement.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes, which provide explanatory information. These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
C136/C136M Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse Aggregates
C311/C311M Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Fly Ash or Natural Pozzolans for Use in Portland-Cement Concrete
C1778 Guide for Reducing the Risk of Deleterious Alkali-Aggregate Reaction in Concrete
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this specification refer to Terminology C125.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.24 on
Supplementary Cementitious Materials.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2022March 1, 2023. Published August 2022March 2023. Originally approved in 1968. Last previous edition approved in 20192022 as
C618–19. DOI: 10.1520/C0618-22.–22. DOI: 10.1520/C0618-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C618 − 23
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Class
N F C
Silicon dioxide (SiO ) plus aluminum oxide (Al O ) plus iron oxide (Fe O ), 70.0 50.0 50.0
2 2 3 2 3
min, %
Calcium oxide (CaO), % report only 18.0 max. >18.0
Sulfur trioxide (SO ), max, % 4.0 5.0 5.0
3
Moisture content, max, % 3.0 3.0 3.0
A
Loss on ignition, max, % 10.0 6.0 6.0
A
The use of Class F pozzolan coal ash containing up to 12.0 % loss on ignition may be approved by the user if either acceptable performance records or laboratory test
results are made available.
TABLE 2 Physical Requirements
Class
N F C
Fineness:
Amount retained when wet-sieved on 45 μm (No. 325) sieve, max, % 34 34 34
A
Amount retained on 150-μm (No. 100) sieve, max, %
A
Strength activity index:
B
Strength activity index:
B B B
With portland cement, at 7 days, min, percent of 75 75 75
control
C C C
With portland cement, at 7 days, min, percent of 75 75 75
control
B B B
With portland cement, at 28 days, min, percent of 75 75 75
control
C C C
With portland cement, at 28 days, min, percent of 75 75 75
control
Water requirement, max, percent of control 115 105 105
Un
...

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