ASTM A451/A451M-20

Standard Specification for Centrifugally Cast Austenitic Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the standard for centrifugally cast austenitic alloy steel pipe for use in high-temperature, corrosive, or nuclear pressure service. The pipe shall receive a heat treatment at the required temperature and holding time followed by quenching in water or rapid cool by other means. The pipe shall be machined on the inner and outer surfaces and shall conform to specified roughness value. Heat and product analysis shall be done to determine the chemical composition and shall conform to the required carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, columbium, tantalum, and nitrogen contents. Hydrostatic and tension tests shall be performed and shall conform to the required tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers austenitic alloy steel pipe for use in high-temperature, corrosive, or nuclear pressure service.  
1.2 Several grades of austenitic stainless steel are covered as indicated in Table 1.    
1.3 Optional supplementary requirements are provided when additional testing may be required.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.4.1 Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.
Note 1: This specification is not intended to cover centrifugal pipe made from alloys containing more than 0.20 % carbon, such as are covered by Specification A297/A297M.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2020
• ICS: 77.140.80 - Iron and steel castings
• Technical Committee: A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
• Drafting Committee: A01.18 - Castings

Relations

• Referred By: ASTM A999/A999M-23 - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2020

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:A451/A451M −20
Standard Specification for
Centrifugally Cast Austenitic Steel Pipe for High-
1
Temperature Service
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA451/A451M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* A999/A999M Specification for General Requirements for
2 Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe
1.1 This specification covers austenitic alloy steel pipe for
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
use in high-temperature, corrosive, or nuclear pressure service.
Determine Conformance with Specifications
1.2 Severalgradesofausteniticstainlesssteelarecoveredas
E94/E94M Guide for Radiographic Examination Using In-
indicated in Table 1.
dustrial Radiographic Film
1.3 Optional supplementary requirements are provided E165/E165M Practice for Liquid Penetrant Testing for Gen-
eral Industry
when additional testing may be required.
1
E186 Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (2 to 4 ⁄2 in.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
(50.8 to 114 mm)) Steel Castings
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
1
E280 Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (4 ⁄2 to 12
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
in. (114 to 305 mm)) Steel Castings
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
E446 Reference Radiographs for Steel Castings Up to 2 in.
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
(50.8 mm) in Thickness
with the standard.
4
2.2 ANSI Standard:
1.4.1 Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.
B46.1 Surface Texture
NOTE 1—This specification is not intended to cover centrifugal pipe
made from alloys containing more than 0.20 % carbon, such as are
3. Ordering Information
covered by Specification A297/A297M.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor- 3.1 Orders for material to this specification shall include the
following, as required, to describe the desired material ad-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the equately:
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- 3.1.1 Quantity (feet, meters, or number of lengths),
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical 3.1.2 Name of material (centrifugally cast pipe),
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. 3.1.3 Grade (Table 1),
3.1.4 Size (outside or inside diameter and minimum wall
thickness in inches or millimeters),
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.5 Length (specific or random, Specification A999/
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A999M),
A297/A297M Specification for Steel Castings, Iron-
3.1.6 End finish of Specification A999/A999M,
Chromium and Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Heat Resistant,
3.1.7 Optional requirements (9.4 and Supplementary Re-
for General Application
quirements S1 through S7),
3.1.8 Test report required (Section 14), and
3.1.9 Special requirements or additions to specification.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
4. Materials and Manufacture
A01.18 on Castings.
Current edition approved July 1, 2020. Published August 2020. Originally
4.1 HeatTreatment—The pipe shall receive a heat treatment
approved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as A451/A451M – 19.
at the temperature and time specified in Table 2, followed by a
DOI: 10.1520/A0451_A0451M-20.
2
quench in water or rapid cool by other means.
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specifi-
cation SA-451 in Section II of that Code.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the ASTM website. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A451/A451M−20
A,B
TABLE 1 Composition Requirements
Element, %
Grade
Manga- Phospho- Molybde-
C
(UNS Carbon Sulfur Silicon Chromium Nickel Nitrogen Niobium Tantalum
nese rus num
Number)
CPF3 0.03 1.50 0.040 0.040 2.00 17.0–21.0 8
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A451/A451M − 19 A451/A451M − 20
Standard Specification for
Centrifugally Cast Austenitic Steel Pipe for High-
1
Temperature Service
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A451/A451M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
2
1.1 This specification covers austenitic alloy steel pipe for use in high-temperature, corrosive, or nuclear pressure service.
1.2 Several grades of austenitic stainless steel are covered as indicated in Table 1.
1.3 Optional supplementary requirements are provided when additional testing may be required.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
NOTE 1—This specification is not intended to cover centrifugal pipe made from alloys containing more than 0.20 % carbon, such as are covered by
Specification A297/A297M.
1.4.1 Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.
NOTE 1—This specification is not intended to cover centrifugal pipe made from alloys containing more than 0.20 % carbon, such as are covered by
Specification A297/A297M.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A297/A297M Specification for Steel Castings, Iron-Chromium and Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Heat Resistant, for General
Application
A999/A999M Specification for General Requirements for Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E94/E94M Guide for Radiographic Examination Using Industrial Radiographic Film
E165/E165M Practice for Liquid Penetrant Testing for General Industry
1
E186 Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (2 to 4 ⁄2 in. (50.8 to 114 mm)) Steel Castings
1
E280 Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (4 ⁄2 to 12 in. (114 to 305 mm)) Steel Castings
E446 Reference Radiographs for Steel Castings Up to 2 in. (50.8 mm) in Thickness
4
2.2 ANSI Standard:
B46.1 Surface Texture
3. Ordering Information
3.1 Orders for material to this specification shall include the following, as required, to describe the desired material adequately:
3.1.1 Quantity (feet, meters, or number of lengths),
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.18
on Castings.
Current edition approved March 1, 2019July 1, 2020. Published April 2019August 2020. Originally approved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 20142019 as
A451/A451M – 14.A451/A451M – 19. DOI: 10.1520/A0451_A0451M-19.10.1520/A0451_A0451M-20.
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related specificationSpecification SA-451 in Section II of that Code.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
4
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A451/A451M − 20
A,B
TABLE 1 Composition Requirements
Element, %
Grade
Manga- Phospho- Nickel ChromiumNickel Molybde-
C
(UNS Carbon Sulfur Silicon Nitrogen Niobium Tantalum Nitrogen
nese rus Chromium num
Number)
CPF3 0.03 1.50 0.040 0.040 2.00 8.0–12.0 17.0–21.0 . . . . . . . . . . . .
(J92500)
CPF3 0.03 1.50 0.040 0.040 2.00 17.0–21.0 8.0–12.0 . . . . . . . . . . . .
(J92500)
CPF3A 0.03 1.50 0.040 0.040 2.00 8.0–12.0 17.0–21.0 . . . . . . . . . . . .
(J92500)
CPF3A 0.03 1.50 0.040 0.040 2.0
...