ASTM G88-21

Standard Guide for Designing Systems for Oxygen Service

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Purpose of Guide G88—The purpose of this guide is to furnish qualified technical personnel with pertinent information for use in designing oxygen systems or assessing the safety of oxygen systems. It emphasizes factors that cause ignition and enhance propagation throughout a system's service life so that the occurrence of these conditions may be avoided or minimized. It is not intended as a specification for the design of oxygen systems.  
4.2 Role of Guide G88—ASTM Committee G04’s abstract standard is Guide G128, and it introduces the overall subject of oxygen compatibility and the body of related work and related resources including standards, research reports and a DVD3 G04 has developed and adopted for use in coping with oxygen hazards. The interrelationships among the standards are shown in Table 1. Guide G88 deals with oxygen system and hardware design principles, and it is supported by a regulator ignition test (see G175). Other standards cover: (1) the selection of materials (both metals and nonmetals) which are supported by a series of standards for testing materials of interest and for preparing materials for test; (2) the cleaning of oxygen hardware which is supported by a series of standards on cleaning procedures, cleanliness testing methods, and cleaning agent selection and evaluation; (3) the study of fire incidents in oxygen systems; and (4) related terminology. (A) Test Method D2863 is under the jurisdiction of Committee D20 on Plastics, and Test Method D4809 is under the jurisdiction of Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants but both are used in the asessment of flammability and sensitivity of materials in oxygen-enriched atmospheres.(B) ASTM Manual 36 – Safe Use of Oxygen and Oxygen Systems can be used as a handbook to furnish qualified technical personnel with pertinent information for use in designing oxygen systems or assessing the safety of oxygen systems. However, Manual 36 is not a balloted technical standard.(C) Peer-review...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide applies to the design of systems for oxygen or oxygen-enriched service but is not a comprehensive document. Specifically, this guide addresses system factors that affect the avoidance of ignition and fire. It does not thoroughly address the selection of materials of construction for which Guides G63 and G94 are available, nor does it cover mechanical, economic or other design considerations for which well-known practices are available. This guide also does not address issues concerning the toxicity of nonmetals in breathing gas or medical gas systems.
Note 1: The American Society for Testing and Materials takes no position respecting the validity of any evaluation methods asserted in connection with any item mentioned in this guide. Users of this guide are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such evaluation methods and data and the risk of use of such evaluation methods and data are entirely their own responsibility.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.3 This standard guide is organized as follows:    
Section Title  
Section  
Referenced Documents  
2  
ASTM Standards  
2.1  
ASTM Adjuncts  
2.2  
ASTM Manuals  
2.3  
NFPA Documents  
2.4  
CGA Documents  
2.5  
EIGA Documents  
2.6  
Terminology  
3  
Significance and Use  
4  
Purpose of G88  
4.1  
Role of G88  
4.2  
Use of G88  
4.3  
Factors Affecting the Design for an Oxygen or Oxygen-
Enriched System  
5  
General  
5.1  
Factors Recognized as Causing Fires  
5.2  
Temperature  
5.2.1  
Spontaneous Ignition  
5.2.2  
Pressure  
5.2.3  
Concentration  
5.2.4  
Contamination  ...

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2021
• ICS: 11.040.10 - Anaesthetic, respiratory and reanimation equipment
• Technical Committee: G04 - Compatibility and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres
• Drafting Committee: G04.02 - Recommended Practices

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: G88 − 21
Standard Guide for
1
Designing Systems for Oxygen Service
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationG88;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
Section Title Section
Role of G88 4.2
1.1 This guide applies to the design of systems for oxygen
Use of G88 4.3
or oxygen-enriched service but is not a comprehensive docu- Factors Affecting the Design for an 5
Oxygen or Oxygen-
ment. Specifically, this guide addresses system factors that
Enriched System
affect the avoidance of ignition and fire. It does not thoroughly
General 5.1
address the selection of materials of construction for which Factors Recognized as Causing 5.2
Fires
Guides G63 and G94 are available, nor does it cover
Temperature 5.2.1
mechanical,economicorotherdesignconsiderationsforwhich
Spontaneous Ignition 5.2.2
Pressure 5.2.3
well-known practices are available. This guide also does not
Concentration 5.2.4
address issues concerning the toxicity of nonmetals in breath-
Contamination 5.2.5
ing gas or medical gas systems.
Particle Impact 5.2.6
NOTE 1—The American Society for Testing and Materials takes no Heat of Compression 5.2.7
Friction and Galling 5.2.8
position respecting the validity of any evaluation methods asserted in
Resonance 5.2.9
connection with any item mentioned in this guide. Users of this guide are
Static Electric Discharge 5.2.10
expresslyadvisedthatdeterminationofthevalidityofanysuchevaluation
Electrical Arc 5.2.11
methods and data and the risk of use of such evaluation methods and data
Flow Friction 5.2.12
are entirely their own responsibility.
Mechanical Impact 5.2.13
Kindling Chain 5.2.14
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Other Ignition Mechanisms 5.2.15
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Test Methods 6
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
System Design Method 7
Overview 7.1
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Final Design 7.2
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Avoid Unnecessarily Elevated Tem- 7.3
1.3 This standard guide is organized as follows:
peratures
Avoid Unnecessarily Elevated Pres- 7.4
Section Title Section
sures
Referenced Documents 2
Design for System Cleanness 7.5
ASTM Standards 2.1
Avoid Particle Impacts 7.6
ASTM Adjuncts 2.2
Minimize Heat of Compression 7.7
ASTM Manuals 2.3
Avoid Friction and Galling 7.8
NFPA Documents 2.4
Avoid Corrosion 7.9
CGA Documents 2.5
Avoid Resonance 7.10
EIGA Documents 2.6
Use Proven Hardware 7.11
Terminology 3
Design to Manage Fires 7.12
Significance and Use 4
Anticipate Indirect Oxygen Exposure 7.13
Purpose of G88 4.1
Minimize Available Fuel/Oxygen 7.14
Avoid Potentially Exothermic Mate- 7.15
rial Combinations
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee G04 on Compatibility
Anticipate Common Failure Mecha- 7.16
and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres and is the direct
nism Consequences
responsibility of Subcommittee G04.02 on Recommended Practices. Avoid High Surface-Area-to-Volume 7.17
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2021. Published November 2021. Originally (S/V) Conditions
ε1
where Practical
approved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as G88 – 13 . DOI:
10.1520/G0088-21.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
G88−21
4
2.4 NFPA Standards
Section Title Section
Avoid Unnecessarily-Elevated 7.18
NFPA 50 Standard for Bulk Oxygen Systems at Consumer
Oxygen Concentrations
Sites
Anticipate Permutations from 7.19
Intended System Design NFPA 53 Recommended Practice on Materials, Equipment,
Avoid Designs and Failure 7.20
and Systems Used in Oxygen-Enriched Atmospheres
Scenarios that can Introduce
5
2.5 CGA Documents:
Potential Flow Friction Ignition
Hazards
CGA E-4 Standard for Gas Pressure Regulators
Use Only the Most Compatible of 7.21
CGA G-4.1 Cleaning Equipment for Oxygen Service
Practical Materials
CGA G-4.4 Oxygen Pipeline and Piping Systems
and Designs
Provide Thorough Safety Training 7.22
CGA G-4.6 Oxygen Compressor Installation and Operation
for All Personnel
Guide
Working with Oxygen or Oxygen-
CGA G-4.7 Installation Guide for Stationary Electric Motor
Enriched
Components or Systems, including
Driven Centrifugal Liquid Oxygen Pumps
Design,
CGA G-4.8 Safe Use of Aluminum Structured Packing for
C
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: G88 − 13 G88 − 21
Standard Guide for
1
Designing Systems for Oxygen Service
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G88; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Editorial corrections were made to the adjunct information in March 2021.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide applies to the design of systems for oxygen or oxygen-enriched service but is not a comprehensive document.
Specifically, this guide addresses system factors that affect the avoidance of ignition and fire. It does not thoroughly address the
selection of materials of construction for which Guides G63 and G94 are available, nor does it cover mechanical, economic or other
design considerations for which well-known practices are available. This guide also does not address issues concerning the toxicity
of nonmetals in breathing gas or medical gas systems.
NOTE 1—The American Society for Testing and Materials takes no position respecting the validity of any evaluation methods asserted in connection with
any item mentioned in this guide. Users of this guide are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such evaluation methods and data
and the risk of use of such evaluation methods and data are entirely their own responsibility.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 This standard guide is organized as follows:
Section Title Section
Referenced Documents 2
ASTM Standards 2.1
ASTM Adjuncts 2.2
ASTM Manuals 2.3
NFPA Documents 2.4
CGA Documents 2.5
EIGA Documents 2.6
Terminology 3
Significance and Use 4
Purpose of G88 4.1
Role of G88 4.2
Use of G88 4.3
Factors Affecting the Design for an 5
Oxygen or Oxygen-
Enriched System
General 5.1
Factors Recognized as Causing 5.2
Fires
Temperature 5.2.1
Spontaneous Ignition 5.2.2
Pressure 5.2.3
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G04 on Compatibility and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres and is the direct
responsibility of Subcommittee G04.02 on Recommended Practices.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2013Oct. 1, 2021. Published November 2013November 2021. Originally approved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 20052013
ε1
as G88 – 05.13 . DOI: 10.1520/G0088-13E01.10.1520/G0088-21.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
G88 − 21
Section Title Section
Concentration 5.2.4
Contamination 5.2.5
Particle Impact 5.2.6
Heat of Compression 5.2.7
Friction and Galling 5.2.8
Resonance 5.2.9
Static Electric Discharge 5.2.10
Electrical Arc 5.2.11
Flow Friction 5.2.12
Mechanical Impact 5.2.13
Kindling Chain 5.2.14
Other Ignition Mechanisms 5.2.15
Test Methods 6
System Design Method 7
Overview 7.1
Final Design 7.2
Avoid Unnecessarily Elevated 7.3
Temperatures
Avoid Unnecessarily Elevated 7.4
Pressures
Design for System Cleanness 7.5
Avoid Particle Impacts 7.6
Minimize Heat of Compression 7.7
Avoid Friction and Galling 7.8
Avoid Corrosion 7.9
Avoid Resonance 7.10
Use Proven Hardware 7.11
Design to Manage Fires 7.12
Anticipate Indirect Oxygen Exposure 7.13
Minimize Available Fuel/Oxygen 7.14
Avoid Potentially Exothermic 7.15
Material Combinations
Anticipate Common Failure 7.16
Mechanism Consequences
Avoid High Surface-Area-to-Volume 7.17
(S/V) Conditions
where Practical
Avoid Unnecessarily-Elevated 7.18
Oxygen Concentrations
Anticipate Permutations from 7.19
Intended System Design
Avoid Designs and Failure 7.20
Scenarios that can Introduce
Potential Flow Friction Ignition
Hazards
Use Only the Most Compatible of 7.21
Practical Materials
and Designs
Provide Thorough Safety Training 7.22
for All Personnel
Working with Oxygen or Oxygen-
Enriched
Components or Systems, including
Design,
Cleaning, Assembly, Operations,
and
Maintenance as Applicable to
Personnel
Miscellaneous 7.23
Examples 8
Key Words 9
References
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on
...