ASTM C1524-02a

Standard Test Method for Water-Extractable Chloride in Aggregate (Soxhlet Method)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Water-extractable chloride, when present in sufficient amount, has a potential to initiate or accelerate corrosion of metals, such as steel, embedded in or contacting a cementitious system, such as mortar, grout, or concrete. This test method is applicable when aggregates contain a high background of naturally occurring chloride (see ACI 222.1–96 ). Test Method C 1152/C 1152M determines acid-soluble chloride and Test Method C 1218/C 1218M determines water-soluble chloride. Both Test Methods C 1152/C 1152M and C 1218/C 1218M pulverize the sample to a fine powder or fine granular material. The Soxhlet method is intended to use nonpulverized material. Results with some aggregates have shown that the Soxhlet procedure extracts an extremely low amount of chloride, with most of it remaining in the rock, and therefore, it is not available for corrosion.
The Soxhlet extraction apparatus consists of three sections: the boiling flask, which contains reagent water at the beginning of the test; the extractor, which contains the sample inside a thimble; and, the condenser. The extractor functions by boiling the water, which condenses and drips on to the sample. When the water attains a fixed height above the sample, the extractor siphons the water from the thimble back to the boiling flask. The process repeats itself until the test is terminated. (Refer to Fig. 1.)
FIG. 1 Soxhlet Extraction Apparatus
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides procedures for sampling and analysis of aggregate for water-extractable chloride using a Soxhlet extractor.
Note 1—This test method is to be used when significantly high chloride content has been found in aggregates, concretes, or mortars.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Dec-2002
• ICS: 91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products
• Technical Committee: C09 - Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
• Drafting Committee: C09.69 - Miscellaneous Tests

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C1524-02 - Standard Test Method for Water-Extractable Chloride in Aggregate (Soxhlet Method)
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002
• Replaced By: ASTM C1524-02a(2010) - Standard Test Method for Water-Extractable Chloride in Aggregate (Soxhlet Method) (Withdrawn 2019)
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2010

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:C1524–02a
Standard Test Method for
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Water-Extractable Chloride in Aggregate (Soxhlet Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1524; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
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1. Scope Steel in Mortar and Concrete Using the Soxhlet Extractor
1.1 This test method provides procedures for sampling and
3. Significance and Use
analysis of aggregate for water-extractable chloride using a
3.1 Water-extractable chloride, when present in sufficient
Soxhlet extractor.
amount, has a potential to initiate or accelerate corrosion of
NOTE 1—This test method is to be used when significantly high
metals, such as steel, embedded in or contacting a cementitious
chloride content has been found in aggregates, concretes, or mortars.
system, such as mortar, grout, or concrete. This test method is
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
applicable when aggregates contain a high background of
standard.
naturally occurring chloride (seeACI 222.1–96 ). Test Method
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
C1152/C1152M determines acid-soluble chloride and Test
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Method C1218/C1218M determines water-soluble chloride.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Both Test Methods C1152/C1152M and C1218/C1218M pul-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
verize the sample to a fine powder or fine granular material.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
The Soxhlet method is intended to use nonpulverized material.
Results with some aggregates have shown that the Soxhlet
2. Referenced Documents
procedure extracts an extremely low amount of chloride, with
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
most of it remaining in the rock, and therefore, it is not
C114 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic
available for corrosion.
Cement
3.2 The Soxhlet extraction apparatus consists of three sec-
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
tions: the boiling flask, which contains reagent water at the
for Test Methods for Construction Materials
beginning of the test; the extractor, which contains the sample
C1152/C1152M Test Method for Acid-Soluble Chloride in
insideathimble;and,thecondenser.Theextractorfunctionsby
Mortar and Concrete
boiling the water, which condenses and drips on to the sample.
C1218/C1218M Test Method for Water-Soluble Chloride in
When the water attains a fixed height above the sample, the
Mortar and Concrete
extractorsiphonsthewaterfromthethimblebacktotheboiling
D75 Practice for Sampling Aggregates
flask. The process repeats itself until the test is terminated.
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
(Refer to Fig. 1.)
E11 SpecificationforWovenWireTestSieveClothandTest
4. Apparatus
Sieves
2.2 American Concrete Institute Standard:
4.1 Sampling Equipment:
ACI 222.1–96 Provisional Standard Test Method for Water-
4.1.1 The apparatus required for obtaining aggregate
Soluble Chloride Available for Corrosion of Embedded
samples is described in Practice D75.
4.2 Sampling Processing Apparatus, the same as in Test
Method C1218/C1218M without pulverization.
4.3 Soxhlet Extractor Apparatus, shall have the following
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on
minimum size and consist of the following (see Fig. 1).
Concrete and ConcreteAggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
C09.69 on Miscellaneous Tests. 4.3.1 Reflux-Type Condenser, with a 34/45-mm ground-
Current edition approved Dec. 10, 2002. Published January 2003. Originally
glass fitting to the extractor, and having a 27-mm inside
approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as C1524–02. DOI:
diameter by a 192-mm body length.
10.1520/C1524-02A.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available fromAmerican Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094, Farmington
the ASTM website. Hills, MI 48333-9094, http://www.concrete.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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C1524–02a
FIG. 1 Soxhlet Extraction Apparatus
4.3.2 Soxhlet Extraction Tube, with a 34/45-mm ground- 5. Reagents
glass fitting to the condenser and a 24/40-mm ground-glass
5.1 The reagents required for the chloride determination are
fitting to the boiling flask, for holding sample
...