ASTM D7653-18
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determination of Trace Gaseous Contaminants in Hydrogen Fuel by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy
Standard Test Method for Determination of Trace Gaseous Contaminants in Hydrogen Fuel by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Fuel cell users have implicated trace impurities in feed gases as compromising the performance and lifespan of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). PEMFCs may be damaged by the presence of some contaminants through poisoning of fuel cell electrode materials; therefore detection of these impurities at low concentrations is critical to fuel cell manufacturers and feed gas suppliers in order to support the facilities and infrastructure required for widespread applicability of fuel cells in transportation and energy production. With field-portable equipment, this test method can be used to quickly analyze hydrogen fuel for impurities at vehicle fueling stations or storage tanks used to supply stationary power plants. This test method can also be used by gas suppliers, customers, and regulatory agencies to certify hydrogen fuel quality.
5.2 Users include hydrogen producers, gaseous fuel custody transfer stakeholders, fueling stations, fuel cell manufacturers, automotive manufacturers, regulators, and stationary fuel cell power plant operators.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method employs an FTIR gas analysis system for the determination of trace impurities in gaseous hydrogen fuels relative to the hydrogen fuel quality limits described in SAE TIR J2719 (April 2008) or in hydrogen fuel quality standards from other governing bodies. This FTIR method is used to quantify gas phase concentrations of multiple target contaminants in hydrogen fuel either directly at the fueling station or on an extracted sample that is sent to be analyzed elsewhere. Multiple contaminants can be measured simultaneously as long as they are in the gaseous phase and absorb in the infrared wavelength region. The detection limits as well as specific target contaminants for this standard were selected based upon those set forth in SAE TIR J2719.
1.2 This test method allows the tester to determine which specific contaminants for hydrogen fuel impurities that are in the gaseous phase and are active infrared absorbers which meet or exceed the detection limits set by SAE TIR J2719 for their particular FTIR instrument. Specific target contaminants include, but are not limited to, ammonia, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, formaldehyde, formic acid, methane, ethane, ethylene, propane, and water. This test method may be extended to other impurities provided that they are in the gaseous phase or can be vaporized and are active infrared absorbers.
1.3 This test method is intended for analysis of hydrogen fuels used for fuel cell feed gases or for internal combustion engine fuels. This method may also be extended to the analysis of high purity hydrogen gas used for other applications including industrial applications, provided that target impurities and required limits are also identified.
1.4 This test method can be used to analyze hydrogen fuel sampled directly at the point-of-use from fueling station nozzles or other feed gas sources. The sampling apparatus includes a pressure regulator and metering valve to provide an appropriate gas stream for direct analysis by the FTIR spectrometer.
1.5 This test method can also be used to analyze samples captured in storage vessels from point-of-use or other sources. Analysis of the stored samples can be performed either in a mobile laboratory near the sample source or in a standard analytical laboratory.
1.6 A test plan should be prepared that includes (1) the specific impurity species to be measured, (2) the concentration limits for each impurity species, and (3) the determination of the minimum detectable concentration for each impurity species as measured on the apparatus before testing.
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.7.1 Exception—All values are based upon common terms used in the industry of those particular values and when not consistent with SI units, the appropriate...
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7653 − 18
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Trace Gaseous Contaminants in Hydrogen
1
Fuel by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7653; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope includes a pressure regulator and metering valve to provide an
appropriate gas stream for direct analysis by the FTIR spec-
1.1 This test method employs an FTIR gas analysis system
trometer.
for the determination of trace impurities in gaseous hydrogen
1.5 This test method can also be used to analyze samples
fuels relative to the hydrogen fuel quality limits described in
captured in storage vessels from point-of-use or other sources.
SAE TIR J2719 (April 2008) or in hydrogen fuel quality
Analysis of the stored samples can be performed either in a
standards from other governing bodies. This FTIR method is
mobile laboratory near the sample source or in a standard
used to quantify gas phase concentrations of multiple target
analytical laboratory.
contaminants in hydrogen fuel either directly at the fueling
station or on an extracted sample that is sent to be analyzed
1.6 A test plan should be prepared that includes (1) the
elsewhere. Multiple contaminants can be measured simultane- specific impurity species to be measured, (2) the concentration
ouslyaslongastheyareinthegaseousphaseandabsorbinthe limits for each impurity species, and (3) the determination of
infrared wavelength region. The detection limits as well as the minimum detectable concentration for each impurity spe-
specific target contaminants for this standard were selected cies as measured on the apparatus before testing.
based upon those set forth in SAE TIR J2719.
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
1.2 This test method allows the tester to determine which
standard.
specific contaminants for hydrogen fuel impurities that are in
1.7.1 Exception—All values are based upon common terms
thegaseousphaseandareactiveinfraredabsorberswhichmeet
used in the industry of those particular values and when not
or exceed the detection limits set by SAE TIR J2719 for their
consistent with SI units, the appropriate SI unit will be
particular FTIR instrument. Specific target contaminants
includedinparenthesesafterthecommonvalueusage(4.4,7.8,
include, but are not limited to, ammonia, carbon monoxide,
7.9, 10.5, and 11.6).
carbon dioxide, formaldehyde, formic acid, methane, ethane,
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
ethylene, propane, and water. This test method may be ex-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
tended to other impurities provided that they are in the gaseous
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
phase or can be vaporized and are active infrared absorbers.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
1.3 This test method is intended for analysis of hydrogen
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
fuels used for fuel cell feed gases or for internal combustion
1.9 This international standard was developed in accor-
engine fuels.This method may also be extended to the analysis
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
of high purity hydrogen gas used for other applications
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
including industrial applications, provided that target impuri-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
ties and required limits are also identified.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.4 This test method can be used to analyze hydrogen fuel
sampled directly at the point-of-use from fueling station
2. Referenced Documents
nozzles or other feed gas sources. The sampling apparatus
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D5287 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Gaseous Fuels
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD03onGaseous
Fuels and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D03.14 on Hydrogen and
2
Fuel Cells. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2018. Published February 2019. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2010. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D7653 – 10. DOI: Standards vol
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7653 − 10 D7653 − 18
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Trace Gaseous Contaminants in Hydrogen
1
Fuel by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7653; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method employs an FTIR gas analysis system for the determination of trace impurities in gaseous hydrogen fuels
relative to the hydrogen fuel quality limits described in SAE TIR J2719 (April 2008) or in hydrogen fuel quality standards from
other governing bodies. This FTIR method is used to quantify gas phase concentrations of multiple target contaminants in
hydrogen fuel either directly at the fueling station or on an extracted sample that is sent to be analyzed elsewhere. Multiple
contaminants can be measured simultaneously as long as they are in the gaseous phase and absorb in the infrared wavelength
region. The detection limits as well as specific target contaminants for this standard were selected based upon those set forth in
SAE TIR J2719.
1.2 This test method allows the tester to determine which specific contaminants for hydrogen fuel impurities that are in the
gaseous phase and are active infrared absorbers which meet or exceed the detection limits set by SAE TIR J2719 for their particular
FTIR instrument. Specific target contaminants include, but are not limited to, ammonia, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide,
formaldehyde, formic acid, methane, ethane, ethylene, propane, and water. This test method may be extended to other impurities
provided that they are in the gaseous phase or can be vaporized and are active infrared absorbers.
1.3 This test method is intended for analysis of hydrogen fuels used for fuel cell feed gases or for internal combustion engine
fuels. This method may also be extended to the analysis of high purity hydrogen gas used for other applications including industrial
applications, provided that target impurities and required limits are also identified.
1.4 This test method can be used to analyze hydrogen fuel sampled directly at the point-of-use from fueling station nozzles or
other feed gas sources. The sampling apparatus includes a pressure regulator and metering valve to provide an appropriate gas
stream for direct analysis by the FTIR spectrometer.
1.5 This test method can also be used to analyze samples captured in storage vessels from point-of-use or other sources.
Analysis of the stored samples can be performed either in a mobile laboratory near the sample source or in a standard analytical
laboratory.
1.6 A test plan should be prepared that includes (1) the specific impurity species to be measured, (2) the concentration limits
for each impurity species, and (3) the determination of the minimum detectable concentration for each impurity species as
measured on the apparatus before testing.
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.7.1 Exception—All values are based upon common terms used in the industry of those particular values and when not
consistent with SI units, the appropriate SI unit will be included in parenthesisparentheses after the common value usage.usage
(4.4, 7.8, 7.9, 10.5, and 11.6) ).
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D03 on Gaseous Fuels and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D03.14 on Hydrogen and Fuel
Cells.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2010Dec. 1, 2018. Published March 2011February 2019. Originally approved in 2010. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as
D7653 – 10. DOI: 10.1520/D7653–10.10.1520/D7653-18.
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