ASTM D803-03(2008)
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Testing Tall Oil
Standard Test Methods for Testing Tall Oil
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
p>Tall oil, both crude and refined, is an important by-product of the alkaline (kraft) pulping of pine wood. It consists primarily of fatty acids, resin acids, and neutral materials; the levels of these various components depend on factors such as the species of pine tree, geographic location, climate, etc.
Tall oil is used primarily as a commercial source of fatty acids and rosin, and, therefore, reliable methods for the analysis of these components is necessary.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the test procedures to be applied to whole tall oils or refined tall oils. Previous editions of these test methods have described test procedures that are used to test tall oil fatty acid, rosin, and other tall oil-derived products as well as test crude and refined tall oil. Consequently, these test methods are widely cited in reference books and industry literature for the testing of tall oil-derived products.
1.1.1 In this current revision, procedural details of some of the often-cited test methods have been removed and the test methods consolidated with other existing test methods. In such cases the consolidated methods, applicable to all tall oil-derived products, are referenced.
1.2 The procedures appear in the following order:
Physical TestsSections Viscosity: Brookfield Method (Preferred Method) 7 Bubble Time Method 8 Flash Point 9 Color10 Moisture:11 Insoluble Matter12 Ash13 Chemical Analysis Acid Number16 Saponification Number17 Rosin Acids18 Unsaponifiable Matter19 Fatty Acids20
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D803 − 03 (Reapproved 2008)
StandardTest Methods for
Testing Tall Oil
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D803; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 These test methods cover the test procedures to be
D92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland
applied to whole tall oils or refined tall oils. Previous editions
Open Cup Tester
of these test methods have described test procedures that are
D93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens
used to test tall oil fatty acid, rosin, and other tall oil-derived
Closed Cup Tester
productsaswellastestcrudeandrefinedtalloil.Consequently,
D269 Test Method for Insoluble Matter in Rosin and Rosin
these test methods are widely cited in reference books and
Derivatives
industry literature for the testing of tall oil-derived products.
D464 Test Methods for Saponification Number of Naval
1.1.1 In this current revision, procedural details of some of
Store Products Including Tall Oil and Other Related
the often-cited test methods have been removed and the test
Products
methods consolidated with other existing test methods. In such
D465 Test Methods for Acid Number of Naval Stores
cases the consolidated methods, applicable to all tall oil-
Products Including Tall Oil and Other Related Products
derived products, are referenced.
D890 Test Method for Water in Liquid Naval Stores
D1065 Test Method for Unsaponifiable Matter in Naval
1.2 The procedures appear in the following order:
Stores, Including Rosin, Tall Oil, and Related Products
Physical Tests Sections
Viscosity: D1240 Test Methods for Rosin Acids Content of Naval
Brookfield Method (Preferred Method) 7
Stores, Including Rosin, Tall Oil, and Related Products
Bubble Time Method 8
D1466 Test Method for Sampling Liquid Oils and Fatty
Flash Point 9
Color 10 Acids Commonly Used in Paints, Varnishes, and Related
Moisture: 11
Materials (Withdrawn 2003)
Insoluble Matter 12
D1544 Test Method for Color of Transparent Liquids (Gard-
Ash 13
Chemical Analysis ner Color Scale)
Acid Number 16
D1545 Test Method for Viscosity of Transparent Liquids by
Saponification Number 17
Bubble Time Method
Rosin Acids 18
Unsaponifiable Matter 19 D1585 Test Methods for Fatty Acids Content of Naval
Fatty Acids 20
Stores, Including Rosin, Tall Oil, and Related Products
D2196 Test Methods for Rheological Properties of Non-
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
Newtonian Materials by Rotational (Brookfield type)
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
Viscometer
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
D3278 Test Methods for Flash Point of Liquids by Small
and are not considered standard.
Scale Closed-Cup Apparatus
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
D5974 Test Methods for Fatty and Rosin Acids in Tall Oil
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Fractionation Products by Capillary Gas Chromatography
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
D6166 Test Method for Color of Naval Stores and Related
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Products (Instrumental Determination of Gardner Color)
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
E300 Practice for Sampling Industrial Chemicals
1 2
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and are the direct contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
responsibility of Subcommittee D01.34 on Naval Stores. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved June 1, 2008. Published June 2008. Originally the ASTM website.
approved in 1944. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D803 – 03. DOI: The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
10.1520/D0803-03R08. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D803 − 03 (Reapproved 2008)
3. Significance and Use VISCOSITY BY THE BROOKFIELD METHOD
(Preferred Method)
3.1 Tall oil, both crude and refined, is an important by-
product of the alkaline (kraft) pulping of pine wood. It consists
7. Procedure
primarily of fatty acids, resin acids, and neutral materials; the
7.1 Determinetheviscosityincentipoiseinaccordancewith
levels of these various components depend on factors such as
Test Methods D2196. The testing temperature shall be 210°F
the species of pine tree, geographic location, climate, etc.
(99°C) unless a lower temperature is specified.
3.1.1 Tall oil is used primarily as a commercial source of
fatty acids and rosin, and, therefore, reliable methods for the
VISCOSITY BY THE BUBBLE TIME METHOD
analysis of these components is necessary. (Alternative Method)
8. Procedure
4. Purity of Reagents
8.1 Determine the viscosity in accordance withTest Method
4.1 Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests.
D1545.The testing temperature shall be 210°F (99°C) unless a
Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that all reagents shall
lower temperature is specified.
conform to the specifications of the Committee on Analytical
Reagents of the American Chemical Society, where such
FLASH POINT
specifications are available. Other grades may be used, pro-
vided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently
9. Procedure
high purity to permit its use without lessening the accuracy of
9.1 Determine the flash point in accordance with any
the determination.
referenced method (see Test Methods D92, D93, and D3278).
4.2 Unless otherwise indicate
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D803–02 Designation: D 803 – 03 (Reapproved 2008)
Standard Test Methods for
Testing Tall Oil
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 803; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods cover the test procedures to be applied to whole tall oils or refined tall oils. Previous editions of these
test methods have described test procedures that are used to test tall oil fatty acid, rosin, and other tall oil-derived products as well
as test crude and refined tall oil. Consequently, these test methods are widely cited in reference books and industry literature for
the testing of tall oil-derived products.
1.1.1 Inthiscurrentrevision,proceduraldetailsofsomeoftheoften-citedtestmethodshavebeenremovedandthetestmethods
consolidated with other existing test methods. In such cases the consolidated methods, applicable to all tall oil-derived products,
are referenced.
1.2 The procedures appear in the following order:
Physical Tests Sections
Viscosity:
Brookfield Method (Preferred Method) 7
Bubble Time Method 8
Pour Point 9
Flash Point 9
Flash Point Color
Color Moisture:
Moisture: Insoluble Matter
Insoluble Matter 13
Ash14 13
Ash 13
Chemical Analysis
Acid Number17 16
Acid Number 16
Saponification Number18 17
Saponification Number 17
Rosin Acids19 18
Rosin Acids 18
Unsaponifiable Matter20 19
Unsaponifiable Matter 19
Fatty Acids21 20
Fatty Acids 20
1.3
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup Tester
D 93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
D97Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
D 269 Test Method for Insoluble Matter in Rosin and Rosin Derivatives
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and are the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.34 on Naval Stores.
Current edition approved May 10, 2002. Published July 2002. Originally published as D803–44T. Last previous edition D803–97.
Current edition approved June 1, 2008. Published June 2008. Originally approved in 1944. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D 803 – 03.
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. ForAnnualBookofASTMStandards
, Vol 05.01.volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 803 – 03 (2008)
D 464 Test Methods for Saponification Number of Naval Store Products Including Tall Oil and Other Related Products
D 465 Test Methods for Acid Number of Naval Stores Products Including Tall Oil and Other Related Products
D 890 Test Method for Water in Liquid Naval Stores
D 1065 Test Method for Unsaponifiable Matter in Naval Stores, Including Rosin, Tall Oil, and Related Products
D 1240 Test Methods for Rosin Acids Content of Naval Stores, Including Rosin, Tall Oil, and Related Products
D 1466 Test Method for Sampling Liquid Oils and Fatty Acids Commonly Used in Paints, Varnishes, and Related Materials
D 1544 Test Method for Color of Transparent Liquids (Gardner Color Scale)
D 1545 Test Method for Viscosity of Transparent Liquids by Bubble Time Method
D 1585 Test Methods for Fatty Acids Content of Naval Stores, Including Rosin, Tall Oil, and Related Products
D 2196 Test Methods for Rheological Properties of Non-Newtonian Materials by Rotational (Brookfield type) Viscometer
D 3278 Test Methods for Flash Point of Liquids by Small Scale Closed-Cup Apparatus
D 5974 Test Methods for Fatty and Rosin Acids in Tall Oil Fractionation Products Byby Capillary Gas Chromatography
D 6166 Test Method for Color of Naval Stores and Related Products (Instrumental Determination of Gardner Color)
E 300 Practice for Sampling Industrial Chemicals
3. Significance and Use
3.1 Tall oil, both crude and refined, is an important by-product of the alkaline (kraft) pulping of pine wood. It consists primarily
of fatty acids, resin acids, and neutral materials; the levels of these various components depend on factors such as the species of
pine tree, geographic location, climate, etc.
3.1.1 Tall oil is used primarily as a commercial source of fatty acids and rosin, and, therefore, reliable methods for the analysis
of these components is necessary.
4. Purity of Reagents
4.1 Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that all reagents shall conform
to the specifications of the Committee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society, where such specifications are
available. Other grades may be used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently high purity to permit its use
without lessening the accuracy of the determination.
4.2 Unless otherwise indicated, references to water shall be understood to mean distilled water or deionized water.
5. Sampling
5.1 As with many industrial chemicals, the procedure for obtaining a representative sample of tall oil depends on the container
to be sampled and the uniformity of the material to be sampled. No specific standard procedure for sampling tall oil has been
developed but Test Method D 1466 and Practice E 300describe applicable methods when the tall oil contains no separated solids
or separated water. If
...
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