ASTM D6166-12(2022)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Color of Pine Chemicals and Related Products (Instrumental Determination of Gardner Color)
Standard Test Method for Color of Pine Chemicals and Related Products (Instrumental Determination of Gardner Color)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides a more precise way of measuring Gardner color than described in Test Method D1544. It is applicable to pine chemical products having colors from Gardner 1 to Gardner 18. The Gardner scale is not applicable to materials with colors lighter than 1 or darker than 18.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative determination of the color of clear, yellow/brown, liquid materials using color measuring instruments. The results may be invalid if other materials are used. The test uses the Gardner color scale described in Test Method D1544. This test method applies to pine chemical products including tall oil, tall oil fatty acids, rosin, and related products.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D6166 − 12 (Reapproved 2022)
Standard Test Method for
Color of Pine Chemicals and Related Products (Instrumental
Determination of Gardner Color)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6166; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Determine the Precision of a Test Method
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative determination
3. Summary of Test Method
ofthecolorofclear,yellow/brown,liquidmaterialsusingcolor
measuring instruments. The results may be invalid if other
3.1 The color of a liquid sample is measured using an
materials are used. The test uses the Gardner color scale
instrument capable of measuring transmitted color and report-
described in Test Method D1544. This test method applies to
inginGardnercolorsorinacolorsystemthatcanbeconverted
pine chemical products including tall oil, tall oil fatty acids,
to Gardner colors.
rosin, and related products.
4. Significance and Use
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
4.1 This test method provides a more precise way of
standard.
measuring Gardner color than described in Test Method
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the D1544. It is applicable to pine chemical products having colors
from Gardner 1 to Gardner 18. The Gardner scale is not
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- applicable to materials with colors lighter than 1 or darker than
18.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor- 5. Apparatus
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
5.1 An instrument capable of measuring transmitted color
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
and reporting the results in the Gardner color scale described in
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
Test Method D1544. If such an instrument is not available, one
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
may be used which is capable of measuring transmitted color
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
and reporting in tristimulus values or chromaticity coordinates
using standard illuminant C and the 2° observer, described in
2. Referenced Documents
Practice E308.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.2 Glass Cuvets, 10–mm path length, unless a different
D1544 Test Method for Color of Transparent Liquids (Gard-
path length is specified by the manufacturer, or
ner Color Scale)
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
5.3 GlassTubes, clear. Standard Gardner tubes, as described
ASTM Test Methods
in Test Method D1544, or other glass tubes designed for a
E308 PracticeforComputingtheColorsofObjectsbyUsing
specific instrument may be used. Gardner tubes may provide
the CIE System
less accuracy than glass cuvets and should be used only when
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
a decrease in accuracy is acceptable. Glass cuvets should be
used for referee situations.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of Committee D01 on Paint and
6. Calibration and Standardization
Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.34 on Pine Chemicals and Hydrocarbon Resins.
6.1 Calibrate the instrument following the manufacturer’s
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2022. Published December 2022. Originally
recommendations.
approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D6166 – 12 (2016).
DOI: 10.1520/D6166-12R22.
6.1.1 Test sample preparation for rosin and rosin deriva-
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
tives.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
6.1.1.1 As most rosins and rosin derivatives are solids it is
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. necessary to introduce a molten sample into the tube or cuvet.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D6166 − 12 (2022)
6.1.1.2 If the sample is available in molten form the test 9. Precision and Bias
sample should be poured into the cuvet or tube and the color
9.1 InterlaboratoryTestProgram—Aninterlaboratorystudy
measured while the rosin is still molten.
of the color of three materials was run in 1996. Each of 13
6.1.1.3 If the sample is in solid form it has to be melted in
laboratories tested each of the three materials. The design of
order to be introduced into the tube or cuvet. The sample to be
the experiment, similar to that of Practice E691 and a within-
testedshallconsistoffreshlybrokenlumpsandfreeofdustand
between analysis of the data are given in ASTM Research
finely divided material. Select a quantity at least twice that
Report.
necessary required to fill the test tubes or cuvets and melt it in
9.2 Test Result—The precision information given below for
a clean container using an oven, hot plate, heat gun, sand bath
Gardner color is for the comparison of three test results, each
or oil bath taking care to avoid overheating. Stir slowly
of which is the average of three test determination as follows:
avoidingtheformationofbubbles.Meltthesamplecompletely,
9.2.1 Repeatability Limit, 95 % (within laboratory) = 0.06
but do not heat it above the temperature necessary for the
Gardner units.
sample
...
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