ASTM D2187-94(2009)

Standard Test Methods for Physical and Chemical Properties of Particulate Ion-Exchange Resins

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The ionic form of an ion-exchange material affects both its equivalent mass and its equilibrium water content. These in turn influence the numerical values obtained in exchange capacity determinations, in density measurements, and in the size of the particles. To provide a uniform basis for comparison, therefore, the sample should be converted to a known ionic form before analysis. This procedure provides for the conversion of cation-exchange materials to the sodium form and anion-exchange materials to the chloride form prior to analysis. These forms are chosen since they permit samples to be weighed and dried without concern for air contamination or decomposition. If other ionic forms are used this fact should be noted in reporting the results.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the physical and chemical properties of ion-exchange resins when used for the treatment of water. They are intended for use in testing both new and used materials. The following thirteen test methods are included:
   Sections Test Method A—Pretreatment 6-10 Test Method B—Water Retention Capacity11-17 Test Method C—Backwashed and Settled Density18-24 Test Method D—Particle Size Distribution25-32 Test Method E—Salt-Splitting Capacity of Cation-
Exchange Resins33-41  Test Method F—Total Capacity of Cation-Exchange
Resins42-50  Test Method G—Percent Regeneration of Hydrogen-
Form Cation-Exchange Resins51-58  Test Method H—Total and Salt-Splitting Capacity of
Anion-Exchange Resins59-66 Test Method I—Percent Regeneration of Anion
Exchange Resins67-75  Test Method J—Ionic Chloride Content of Anion-
Exchange Resins76-83 Test Method K—Carbonate Content of Anion-
Exchange Resins84-91 Test Method L—Sulfate Content of Anion Exchange
Resins92-99  Test Method M—Total Anion Capacity of Anion-
Exchange Resins 100-108  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 10.8.  
6.1 This test method covers the conversion of ion-exchange resins to a known ionic form and is intended for application to both new and used material.  
11.1 This test method covers the determination of the amount of water retained by ion-exchange resins and is intended for testing both new and used materials.  
18.1 This test method covers the determination of the backwashed and settled density of ion-exchange resin and is intended for testing both new and used material.  
25.1 This test method covers the wet sieve analysis of ion-exchange materials.  
33.1 This test method covers the determination of the number of milliequivalents of exchangeable hydrogen in a cation-exchange resin sufficiently acidic to split neutral salts.  
42.1 This test method covers the determination of the total number of milliequivalents of exchangeable hydrogen in a cation-exchange resin.  
51.1 This test method covers the determination of the percentage of ion-exchanging groups in a cation-exchange resin that is in the hydrogen form.  
59.1 The test method covers the determination of the total number of milliequivalents of exchangeable chloride in a test method anion-exchange material and also the number of milliequivalents of exchangeable chloride capacity associated with functional groups sufficiently basic to split neutral salts.  
67.1 This test method covers the determination of the percentage of anion-exchanging groups regenerated to the hydroxide ion form, and the total percentage of anionic groups regenerated to a form capable of neutralizing free mineral acids.  
76.1 This test method covers the...

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Apr-2009
• ICS: 71.100.40 - Surface active agents
• Technical Committee: D19 - Water
• Drafting Committee: D19.08 - Membranes and Ion Exchange Materials

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D2187-94(2004) - Standard Test Methods for Physical and Chemical Properties of Particulate Ion-Exchange Resins
• Effective Date: 01-May-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D4548-11(2019) - Standard Test Method for Anion-Cation Balance of Mixed Bed Ion-Exchange Resins
• Effective Date: 01-May-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D6302-98(2017) - Standard Practice for Evaluating the Kinetic Behavior of Ion Exchange Resins
• Effective Date: 01-May-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D5217-17 - Standard Guide for Detection of Fouling and Degradation of Particulate Ion Exchange Materials
• Effective Date: 01-May-2009
• Referred By: ASTM D5627-17 - Standard Test Method for Water Extractable Residue from Particulate Ion-Exchange Resins
• Effective Date: 01-May-2009

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation:D2187–94 (Reapproved 2009)
Standard Test Methods for
Physical and Chemical Properties of Particulate Ion-
1
Exchange Resins
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2187; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the 2.1 ASTM Standards:
physical and chemical properties of ion-exchange resins when D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
used for the treatment of water. They are intended for use in D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
testingbothnewandusedmaterials.Thefollowingthirteentest D1293 Test Methods for pH of Water
methods are included: D2687 Practices for Sampling Particulate Ion-Exchange
Materials
D2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of
Sections
Test MethodA—Pretreatment 6-10
Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
Test Method B—Water Retention Capacity 11-17
E11 SpecificationforWovenWireTestSieveClothandTest
Test Method C—Backwashed and Settled Density 18-24
Sieves
Test Method D—Particle Size Distribution 25-32
Test Method E—Salt-Splitting Capacity of Cation- 33-41
Exchange Resins
3. Terminology
Test Method F—Total Capacity of Cation-Exchange 42-50
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in these test
Resins
Test Method G—Percent Regeneration of Hydrogen- 51-58
methods refer to Terminology D1129.
Form Cation-Exchange Resins
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Test Method H—Total and Salt-Splitting Capacity of 59-66
3.2.1 anion-exchange material—an ion-exchange material
Anion-Exchange Resins
Test Method I—Percent Regeneration ofAnion 67-75
capable of the reversible exchange of negatively charged ions.
Exchange Resins
3.2.2 cation-exchange material—an ion-exchange material
Test Method J—Ionic Chloride Content ofAnion- 76-83
capable of the reversible exchange of positively charged ions.
Exchange Resins
Test Method K—Carbonate Content ofAnion- 84-91
3.2.3 ion-exchange resin—asyntheticorganicion-exchange
Exchange Resins
material.
Test Method L—Sulfate Content ofAnion Exchange 92-99
Resins 3.2.4 mixed bed—a physical mixture of anion-exchange
Test Method M—TotalAnion Capacity ofAnion- 100-108
material and cation-exchange material.
Exchange Resins
4. Reagents
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for
4.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
information only.
used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
all reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
tee onAnalytical Reagents of theAmerican Chemical Society,
3
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
where such specifications are available. Other grades may be
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
tionary statements are given in Section 10.8.
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
1 3
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications , American
Water and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.08 on Membranes and Chemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not
Ion Exchange Materials. listed by the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for Laboratory
Current edition approved May 1, 2009. Published June 2009. Originally Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeia
approved in 1963. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D2187–94 (2004). and National Formulary, U.S. Pharmaceutical Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville,
DOI: 10.1520/D2187-94R09. MD.
Copyright ©ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2187–94 (2009)
used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of
sufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening the
accuracy of the determination.
4.2 Purity of Water— Unless otherwise indicated, refer-
ences to water shall be understood to mean Type IV reagent
water described in Specification D1193.
5. Sampling
5.1 Obtain a representative sampl
...