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ASTM E2027-17

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Conducting Proficiency Tests in the Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related Materials

Standard Practice for Conducting Proficiency Tests in the Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice sets the basic requirements for proficiency test programs in the chemical analysis of metals, ores, and related materials. It does not set specific procedural requirements, but does establish a framework for particular programs, including those with either small or large numbers of participants.  
4.2 The data from proficiency testing programs can be used for value assignments for in-house reference materials developed in accordance with Guide E2972.  
4.3 Most accreditation bodies require that laboratories participate regularly in proficiency testing programs that they have accepted for this purpose. Therefore, it is essential that each program comply with accepted principles including technical requirements, statistical procedures (see Annex A1), and quality management (see Annex A2).
SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides direction for organizing and conducting proficiency test programs in analytical chemistry for metals, ores, and related materials. It is consistent with ISO/IEC 17043 and Guide E1301. It does not address the selection and use of proficiency testing schemes by accrediting bodies.  
1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
14-Nov-2017
ICS
77.040.30 - Chemical analysis of metals
Technical Committee
E01 - Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
Drafting Committee
E01.22 - Laboratory Quality
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM E2027-09 - Standard Practice for Conducting Proficiency Tests in the Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
Effective Date
15-Nov-2017
Referred By
ASTM E2093-12(2016) - Standard Guide for Optimizing, Controlling and Assessing Test Method Uncertainties from Multiple Workstations in the Same Laboratory Organization
Effective Date
15-Nov-2017
Referred By
ASTM E2594-20 - Standard Test Method for Analysis of Nickel Alloys by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (Performance-Based)
Effective Date
15-Nov-2017
Referred By
ASTM E1834-18 - Standard Test Method for Analysis of Nickel Alloys by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
Effective Date
15-Nov-2017
Referred By
ASTM E2371-21a - Standard Test Method for Analysis of Titanium and Titanium Alloys by Direct Current Plasma and Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (Performance-Based Test Methodology)
Effective Date
15-Nov-2017
Referred By
ASTM E2823-17 - Standard Test Method for Analysis of Nickel Alloys by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (Performance-Based)
Effective Date
15-Nov-2017

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ASTM E2027-17 - Standard Practice for Conducting Proficiency Tests in the Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related MaterialsASTM E2027-17 - Standard Practice for Conducting Proficiency Tests in the Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
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REDLINE ASTM E2027-17 - Standard Practice for Conducting Proficiency Tests in the Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related MaterialsREDLINE ASTM E2027-17 - Standard Practice for Conducting Proficiency Tests in the Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E2027 −17
Standard Practice for
Conducting Proficiency Tests in the Chemical Analysis of
1
Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2027; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope ISO 13528 Statistical Methods for Proficiency Testing by
Interlaboratory Comparison
1.1 This practice provides direction for organizing and
ISO/IEC 17025 General Requirements for the Competence
conducting proficiency test programs in analytical chemistry
of Calibration and Testing Laboratories
for metals, ores, and related materials. It is consistent with
ISO/IEC 17043 ConformityAssessment – General Require-
ISO/IEC 17043 and Guide E1301. It does not address the
ments for Proficiency Testing
selection and use of proficiency testing schemes by accrediting
bodies.
3. Terminology
1.2 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.1 Definitions—For formal definitions related to laboratory
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
accreditation, Terminology E135 applies.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.1.1 assigned value, n—value that serves as a declared or
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
agreed-upon reference for comparison, normally derived from
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
or based on experimental work of a national or international
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
organization.
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.1.1 Discussion—The assigned value is given to a prop-
2
erty or constituent of a reference material or proficiency test
2.1 ASTM Standards:
material through technical and statistical evaluation of test
E135 Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for
results.
Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
3.2 For other definitions of terms used in this practice, refer
E826 Practice for Testing Homogeneity of a Metal Lot or
to Terminology E135.
Batch in Solid Form by Spark Atomic Emission Spec-
trometry
4. Significance and Use
E1301 Guide for Proficiency Testing by Interlaboratory
3
Comparisons (Withdrawn 2012)
4.1 This practice sets the basic requirements for proficiency
E2972 Guide for Production, Testing, and ValueAssignment
test programs in the chemical analysis of metals, ores, and
of In-House Reference Materials for Metals, Ores, and
related materials. It does not set specific procedural
Other Related Materials
requirements, but does establish a framework for particular
4
2.2 ISO Standards: programs, including those with either small or large numbers
of participants.
ISO 9001 Quality Management
4.2 The data from proficiency testing programs can be used
for value assignments for in-house reference materials devel-
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E01 on Analytical
oped in accordance with Guide E2972.
Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee E01.22 on Laboratory Quality.
4.3 Most accreditation bodies require that laboratories par-
Current edition approved Nov. 15, 2017. Published December 2017. Originally
ticipateregularlyinproficiencytestingprogramsthattheyhave
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as E2027 – 09. DOI:
accepted for this purpose. Therefore, it is essential that each
10.1520/E2027-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or program comply with accepted principles including technical
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
requirements, statistical procedures (see AnnexA1), and qual-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
ity management (see Annex A2).
the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. 5. Types of Proficiency Testing
4
Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), ISO
5.1 Proficiency testing techniques vary depending on the
Central Secretariat, BIBC II, Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CP 401, 1214 Vernier,
Geneva, Switzerland, http://www.iso.org. nature of the test item, the method in use and the number of
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2027 − 17
laboratories participating. The most common approach in- 6.1.2.11 Information on methods or procedures which par-
volves randomly selected sub-samples from a source of mate- ticipants may need to use to perform the tests or measurements
(ASTM test methods, labor
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E2027 − 09 E2027 − 17
Standard Practice for
Conducting Proficiency Tests in the Chemical Analysis of
1
Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2027; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice provides direction for organizing and conducting proficiency test programs in analytical chemistry for metals,
ores, and related materials. It is consistent with ISO Guide 43ISO/IEC 17043 and Guide E1301. It does not address the selection
and use of proficiency testing schemes by accrediting bodies.
1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E135 Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
E826 Practice for Testing Homogeneity of a Metal Lot or Batch in Solid Form by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry
3
E1187 Terminology Relating to Conformity Assessment (Withdrawn 2006)
3
E1301 Guide for Proficiency Testing by Interlaboratory Comparisons (Withdrawn 2012)
E1724E2972 Guide for Testing and Certification of Metal, Ore, and Metal-Related Reference Production, Testing, and Value
Assignment of In-House Reference Materials for Metals, Ores, and Other Related Materials (Withdrawn 2010)
4
2.2 ISO Standards:
ISO 9001 Quality Management
ISO 13528 Statistical Methods for Proficiency Testing by Interlaboratory Comparison
ISO 17025ISO/IEC 17025 General Requirements for the Competence of Calibration and Testing Laboratories
ISO Guide 43ISO/IEC 17043 Proficiency Testing by Interlaboratory ComparisonsConformity Assessment – General Require-
ments for Proficiency Testing
ISO Guide 9000 Quality Management and Quality System Elements
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For formal definitions related to laboratory accreditation, Terminology E1187 applies.
3.1 Definitions—For formal definitions related to laboratory accreditation, Terminology E135 applies.
3.1.1 assigned value, n—value that serves as a declared or agreed-upon reference for comparison, normally derived from or
based on experimental work of a national or international organization.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—
The assigned value is given to a property or constituent of a reference material or proficiency test material through technical and
statistical evaluation of test results.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E01 on Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee E01.22 on Laboratory Quality.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2009Nov. 15, 2017. Published December 2009December 2017. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 20052009
as E2027 – 05.E2027 – 09. DOI: 10.1520/E2027-09.10.1520/E2027-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
4
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.International Organization for
Standardization (ISO), ISO Central Secretariat, BIBC II, Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CP 401, 1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland, http://www.iso.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2027 − 17
3.2 For other definitions of terms used in thethis practice, refer to Terminology E135.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This practice sets the basic requirements for proficiency test programs in the chemical analysis of metals, ores, and related
materials. It does not set specific procedural requirements, but does establish a framework for particular programs, including those
with either small or large numbers of participants. (Warning—The data from proficiency testi
...

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ASTM E363-23(Test Method)
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods for the chemical analysis of chromium metal and ferrochromium alloy are primarily intended to test such materials for compliance with compositional specifications such as Specifications A101 and A481. It is assumed that all who use these test methods will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully and safely. It is expected that work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory.
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1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analysis of chromium and ferrochromium having chemical compositions within the following limits:    
Element  
Composition, %  
Aluminum  
0.25 max  
Antimony  
0.005 max  
Arsenic  
0.005 max  
Bismuth  
0.005 max  
Boron  
0.005 max  
Carbon  
9.00 max  
Chromium  
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Cobalt  
0.10 max  
Columbium  
0.05 max  
Copper  
0.05 max  
Lead  
0.005 max  
Manganese  
0.75 max  
Molybdenum  
0.05 max  
Nickel  
0.50 max  
Nitrogen  
6.00 max  
Phosphorus  
0.03 max  
Silicon  
12.00 max  
Silver  
0.005 max  
Sulfur  
0.07 max  
Tantalum  
0.05 max  
Tin  
0.005 max  
Titanium  
0.50 max  
Vanadium  
0.50 max  
Zinc  
0.005 max  
Zirconium  
0.05 max  
1.2 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:    
Sections  
Arsenic by the Molybdenum Blue Spectrophotometric Test Method
[0.001 % to 0.005 %]  
10 – 20  
Lead by the Dithizone Spectrophotometric Test Method
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Element  
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0.05 to 0.30  
Beryllium  
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Beryllium Oxide  
0.3 to 3    
Carbon  
0.05 to 0.30  
Copper  
0.005 to 0.10  
Chromium  
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Iron  
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SCOPE
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ASTM E1085-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Analysis of Low-Alloy Steels by Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is suitable for manufacturing control and for verifying that a product meets specifications. This test method provides rapid, multi-element determinations with sufficient accuracy to ensure product quality and to minimize production delays. The analytical performance data may be used as a benchmark to determine if similar X-ray spectrometers provide equivalent precision and accuracy, or if the performance of a particular X-ray spectrometer has changed.  
5.2 Calcium is sometimes added to steel to affect inclusion shape which enhances certain mechanical properties of steel. This test method is useful for determining the residual calcium in the steel after such treatment.  
5.2.1 Because calcium occurs primarily in inclusions, the precision of this test method is a function of the distribution of the calcium-bearing inclusions in the steel. The variation of determinations on freshly prepared surfaces will give some indication of the distribution of these inclusions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis of low-alloy steels for the following elements:    
Element  
Mass Fraction
Range, %  
Calcium  
0.001 to 0.007  
Chromium  
0.04 to 2.5  
Cobalt  
0.03 to 0.2  
Copper  
0.03 to 0.6  
Manganese  
0.04 to 2.5  
Molybdenum  
0.005 to 1.5  
Nickel  
0.04 to 3.0  
Niobium  
0.002 to 0.1  
Phosphorus  
0.010 to 0.08  
Silicon  
0.06 to 1.5  
Sulfur  
0.009 to 0.1  
Vanadium  
0.012 to 0.6  
1.1.1 Unless exceptions are noted, mass fraction ranges can be extended and additional elements can be included by the use of suitable reference materials and measurement conditions. Deviations from the published scope must be validated by experimental means. See Guide E2857 for information on validation options.  
1.2 The values stated in the International System of Units (SI) are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to other units that are provided for information only, because they may be used in older software and laboratory procedures.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 10.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E2209-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Analysis of High Manganese Steel by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The chemical composition of high manganese steel alloys must be determined accurately to ensure the desired metallurgical properties. This procedure is suitable for manufacturing control and inspection testing.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the analysis of high manganese steel by spark atomic emission spectrometry for the following elements in the ranges shown:    
Elements  
Composition Range, %  
Aluminum (Al)  
0.02 to 0.15  
Carbon (C)  
0.3 to 1.4  
Chromium (Cr)  
0.25 to 2.00  
Manganese (Mn)  
8.0 to 16.2  
Molybdenum (Mo)  
0.03 to 2.0  
Nickel (Ni)  
0.05 to 4.0  
Phosphorus (P)  
0.025 to 0.06  
Silicon (Si)  
0.25 to 1.5
Note 1: The ranges represent the actual levels at which this method was tested.2 These composition ranges can be extended by the use of suitable reference materials. Validation of these extensions may be conducted by following Practice E2587. Sulfur is not included because differences in results between laboratories exceeded acceptable limits at all sulfur levels.  
1.2 This test method may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E1086-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Analysis of Austenitic Stainless Steel by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The chemical composition of stainless steels must be determined accurately to ensure the desired metallurgical properties. This test method is suitable for manufacturing control and inspection testing.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method2 covers the analysis of austenitic stainless steel by spark atomic emission spectrometry for the following elements in the ranges shown    
Element  
Composition Range, %  
Chromium  
17.0 to 23.0  
Nickel  
7.5 to 13.0  
Molybdenum  
0.01 to 3.0    
Manganese  
0.01 to 2.0    
Silicon  
0.01 to 0.90  
Copper  
0.01 to 0.30  
Carbon  
0.005 to 0.25  
Phosphorus  
0.003 to 0.15  
Sulfur  
0.003 to 0.065  
1.2 This test method is designed for the analysis of chill-cast disks or inspection testing of stainless steel samples that have a flat surface of at least 13 mm (0.5 in.) in diameter. The samples must be sufficiently massive to prevent overheating during the discharge and of a similar metallurgical condition and composition as the reference materials.  
1.3 One or more of the reference materials must closely approximate the composition of the specimen. The technique of analyzing reference materials with unknowns and performing the indicated mathematical corrections (typically referred to as type standardization) may also be used to correct for interference effects and to compensate for errors resulting from instrument drift. A variety of such systems are commonly used. Any of these that will achieve analytical accuracy equivalent to that reported for this test method are acceptable.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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