ASTM C652-12a

Standard Specification for Hollow Brick (Hollow Masonry Units Made From Clay or Shale)

ABSTRACT
This specification covers hollow building brick and hollow facing brick made from clay, shale, fire clay, or mixtures thereof, and fired to incipient fusion. Hollow brick shall be understood to mean hollow clay masonry units whose net cross-sectional area (solid area) in any plane parallel to the surface, containing the cores, cells, or deep frogs, is less than 75 % of its gross cross-sectional area measured in the same plane. The bricks are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring substances and subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment shall develop sufficient fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the strength and durability requirements specified. Bricks that are colored by flashing or textured by sanding, where sand does not form a continuous coating, shall not be considered as surface-colored brick. Hollow bricks require greater shell and web thicknesses and higher minimum compressive strength than structural clay tile, but permit greater void area and lesser distance from exposed edge to core hole than solid brick. Therefore, environmental and structural performance may be different in elements constructed of hollow brick from those constructed of structural clay tile or solid brick. The hollow bricks can be classified into Grades SW and MW according to their degree of resistance to frost action and disintegration by weathering. According to their physical properties, the bricks can be classified into Types HBS, HBX, HBA, and HBB. In terms of size of void areas or hollow spaces, the bricks can be designated into Classes H40V and H60V. The brick shall be free of defects, deficiencies, and surface treatments, including coatings, that would interfere with the proper laying of the brick or significantly impair the strength or performance of the construction. Physical properties like compressive strength, water absorption, saturation coefficient, breakage, and cracks shall be determined.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers hollow building brick and hollow facing brick made from clay, shale, fire clay, or mixtures thereof, and fired to incipient fusion. Four types of hollow brick in each of two grades and two classes are covered. In this specification, the term hollow brick shall be understood to mean hollow clay masonry units whose net cross-sectional area (solid area) in any plane parallel to the surface, containing the cores, cells, or deep frogs, is less than 75 % of its gross cross-sectional area measured in the same plane (see 4.3). This specification does not cover brick intended for use as paving brick (see Specification C902).  
1.2 The property requirements of this specification apply at the time of purchase. The use of results from testing of brick extracted from masonry structures for determining conformance or nonconformance to the property requirements (Section 6) of this standard is beyond the scope of this specification.  
1.3 Brick covered by this specification are ceramic products manufactured primarily from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring substances and subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment shall develop sufficient fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the strength and durability requirements of this specification. Additives or recycled materials are permitted to be included at the option of the manufacturer. (See “firing” and “firing bond” in Terminology C1232.)  
1.4 Hollow brick differ from unglazed structural clay tile (Specifications C34 and C212) and solid brick (Specifications C62 and C216). Hollow brick require greater shell and web thicknesses and higher minimum compressive strength than structural clay tile, but permit greater void area and lesser distance from exposed edge to core hole than solid brick. Therefore, environmental and structural performance may be different in elements constructed of hollow brick...

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2012
• ICS: 91.100.15 - Mineral materials and products
• Technical Committee: C15 - Manufactured Masonry Units
• Drafting Committee: C15.02 - Brick and Structural Clay Tile

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C652-12 - Standard Specification for Hollow Brick (Hollow Masonry Units Made From Clay or Shale)
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2012
• Replaced By: ASTM C652-13 - Standard Specification for Hollow Brick (Hollow Masonry Units Made From Clay or Shale)
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2013
• Referred By: ASTM E2266-22 - Standard Guide for Design and Construction of Low-Rise Frame Building Wall Systems to Resist Water Intrusion
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2012
• Referred By: ASTM C1232-21a - Standard Terminology for Masonry
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2012
• Referred By: ASTM C1283-15(2021) - Standard Practice for Installing Clay Flue Lining
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2012

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:C652 −12a
StandardSpecification for
Hollow Brick (Hollow Masonry Units Made From Clay or
1
Shale)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C652; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* different in elements constructed of hollow brick from those
constructed of structural clay tile or solid brick.
1.1 This specification covers hollow building brick and
hollow facing brick made from clay, shale, fire clay, or 1.5 The text of this specification references notes and
mixtures thereof, and fired to incipient fusion. Four types of footnotes which provide explanatory material.These notes and
hollowbrickineachoftwogradesandtwoclassesarecovered. footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be
In this specification, the term hollow brick shall be understood considered as requirements of the specification.
to mean hollow clay masonry units whose net cross-sectional
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
area(solidarea)inanyplaneparalleltothesurface,containing
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
the cores, cells, or deep frogs, is less than 75% of its gross
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
cross-sectional area measured in the same plane (see 4.3).This
and are not considered standard.
specification does not cover brick intended for use as paving
brick (see Specification C902).
2. Referenced Documents
2
1.2 The property requirements of this specification apply at
2.1 ASTM Standards:
the time of purchase. The use of results from testing of brick
C34Specification for Structural Clay Load-Bearing Wall
extracted from masonry structures for determining confor-
Tile
mance or nonconformance to the property requirements (Sec-
C62Specification for Building Brick (Solid Masonry Units
tion6)ofthisstandardisbeyondthescopeofthisspecification.
Made From Clay or Shale)
C67Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick and
1.3 Brickcoveredbythisspecificationareceramicproducts
Structural Clay Tile
manufactured primarily from clay, shale, or similar naturally
C212Specification for Structural Clay Facing Tile
occurring substances and subjected to a heat treatment at
C216Specification for Facing Brick (Solid Masonry Units
elevatedtemperatures(firing).Theheattreatmentshalldevelop
Made from Clay or Shale)
sufficient fired bond between the particulate constituents to
C902Specification for Pedestrian and Light Traffic Paving
provide the strength and durability requirements of this speci-
Brick
fication. Additives or recycled materials are permitted to be
C1232Terminology of Masonry
included at the option of the manufacturer. (See “firing” and
E835/E835MGuide for Modular Coordination of Clay and
“firing bond” in Terminology C1232.)
3
Concrete Masonry Units (Withdrawn 2011)
1.4 Hollow brick differ from unglazed structural clay tile
(Specifications C34 and C212) and solid brick (Specifications
3. Terminology
C62 and C216). Hollow brick require greater shell and web
3.1 Definitions—For definitions relating to masonry and
thicknesses and higher minimum compressive strength than
hollow brick, refer to Terminology C1232.
structural clay tile, but permit greater void area and lesser
distance from exposed edge to core hole than solid brick.
4. Classification
Therefore, environmental and structural performance may be
4.1 Grades—Two grades of hollow brick are covered:
1 2
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
C15.02 on Brick and Structural Clay Tile. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2012. Published January 2013. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as C652–12. DOI: The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
10.1520/C0652-12A. www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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C652−12a
4.1.1 Grade SW—Hollow brick intended for use where a admixtures, burned to meet the requirements of this specifica-
high and uniform degree of resistance to frost action and tion.Any
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C652 − 12 C652 − 12a
Standard Specification for
Hollow Brick (Hollow Masonry Units Made From Clay or
1
Shale)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C652; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers hollow building brick and hollow facing brick made from clay, shale, fire clay, or mixtures thereof,
and fired to incipient fusion. Four types of hollow brick in each of two grades and two classes are covered. In this specification,
the term hollow brick shall be understood to mean hollow clay masonry units whose net cross-sectional area (solid area) in any
plane parallel to the surface, containing the cores, cells, or deep frogs, is less than 75 % of its gross cross-sectional area measured
in the same plane (see 3.34.3). This specification does not cover brick intended for use as paving brick (see Specification C902).
1.2 The property requirements of this specification apply at the time of purchase. The use of results from testing of brick
extracted from masonry structures for determining conformance or nonconformance to the property requirements (Section 56) of
this standard is beyond the scope of this specification.
1.3 Brick covered by this specification are ceramic products manufactured primarily from clay, shale, or similar naturally
occurring substances and subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment shall develop sufficient
fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the strength and durability requirements of this specification. Additives
or recycled materials are permitted to be included at the option of the manufacturer. (See “firing” and “firing bond” in Terminology
C1232.)
1.4 Hollow brick differ from unglazed structural clay tile (Specifications C34 and C212) and solid brick (Specifications C62 and
C216). Hollow brick require greater shell and web thicknesses and higher minimum compressive strength than structural clay tile,
but permit greater void area and lesser distance from exposed edge to core hole than solid brick. Therefore, environmental and
structural performance may be different in elements constructed of hollow brick from those constructed of structural clay tile or
solid brick.
1.5 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C34 Specification for Structural Clay Load-Bearing Wall Tile
C62 Specification for Building Brick (Solid Masonry Units Made From Clay or Shale)
C67 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick and Structural Clay Tile
C212 Specification for Structural Clay Facing Tile
C216 Specification for Facing Brick (Solid Masonry Units Made from Clay or Shale)
C902 Specification for Pedestrian and Light Traffic Paving Brick
C1232 Terminology of Masonry
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 on Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C15.02 on Brick
and Structural Clay Tile.
Current edition approved July 1, 2012Dec. 1, 2012. Published September 2012January 2013. Originally approved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 20112012
as C652 – 11.C652 – 12. DOI: 10.1520/C0652-12.10.1520/C0652-12A.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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C652 − 12a
3
E835/E835M Guide for Modular Coordination of Clay and Concrete Masonry Units (Withdrawn 2011)
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For defi
...