ASTM D7452-22
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Evaluation of the Load Carrying Properties of Lubricants Used for Final Drive Axles, Under Conditions of High Speed and Shock Loading
Standard Test Method for Evaluation of the Load Carrying Properties of Lubricants Used for Final Drive Axles, Under Conditions of High Speed and Shock Loading
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Final drive axles are often subjected to severe service where they encounter high speed shock torque conditions, characterized by sudden accelerations and decelerations. This severe service can lead to scoring distress on the ring gear and pinion surface. This test method measures anti-scoring properties of final drive lubricants.
5.2 This test method is used or referred to in the following documents:
5.2.1 American Petroleum Institute (API) Publication 1560.7
5.2.2 SAE J308 and SAE J2360.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the anti-scoring properties of final drive axle lubricating oils when subjected to high-speed and shock conditions. This test method is commonly referred to as the L-42 test.2
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.2.1 Exceptions—SI units are provided for all parameters except where there is no direct equivalent such as the units for screw threads, National Pipe Threads/diameters, tubing size, and single source equipment suppliers.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning information is given in Sections 4 and 7.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7452 − 22
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of the Load Carrying Properties of Lubricants
Used for Final Drive Axles, Under Conditions of High Speed
1
and Shock Loading
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7452; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Portions of this test method are written for use by laboratories that make use of ASTM Test
2
Monitoring Center (TMC) services (see Annex A1 – Annex A4).
TheTMC provides reference oils, and engineering and statistical services to laboratories that desire
to produce test results that are statistically similar to those produced by laboratories previously
calibrated by the TMC.
In general, the Test Purchaser decides if a calibrated test stand is to be used. Organizations such as
the American Chemistry Council require that a laboratory use the TMC services as part of their test
registration process. In addition, the American Petroleum Institute and the Gear Lubricant Review
Committee of the Lubricant Review Institute (SAE International) require that a laboratory use the
TMC services in seeking qualification of oils against their specifications.
The advantage of using the TMC services to calibrate test stands is that the test laboratory (and
hence the Test Purchaser) has an assurance that the test stand was operating at the proper level of test
severity. It should also be borne in mind that results obtained in a non-calibrated test stand may not
be the same as those obtained in a test stand participating in the ASTM TMC services process.
Laboratories that choose not to use the TMC services may simply disregard these portions.
1. Scope* screw threads, National Pipe Threads/diameters, tubing size,
and single source equipment suppliers.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the anti-
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
scoring properties of final drive axle lubricating oils when
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
subjectedtohigh-speedandshockconditions.Thistestmethod
2
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
is commonly referred to as the L-42 test.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
Specific warning information is given in Sections 4 and 7.
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
and are not considered standard.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.2.1 Exceptions—SI units are provided for all parameters
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
except where there is no direct equivalent such as the units for
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
2. Referenced Documents
Subcommittee D02.B0.03 on Automotive Gear Lubricants & Fluids.
3
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2022. Published November 2022. Originally
2.1 ASTM Standards:
ɛ1
approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as D7452 – 19 . DOI:
D235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits)
10.1520/D7452-22.
2
Until the next revision of this test method, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center
(TMC) will update changes in this test method by means of information letters.
3
Information letters may be obtained from the ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 203 For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Armstrong Drive, Freeport, PA16229,Attention: Director.This edition incorporates contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
revisions in all information Letters through No. 22-1. The TMC is also a source of Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
reference oils. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright ©ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7452 − 22
(Hydroca
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D7452 − 19 D7452 − 22
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of the Load Carrying Properties of Lubricants
Used for Final Drive Axles, Under Conditions of High Speed
1
and Shock Loading
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7452; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Editorially updated TMC governance information in June 2022.
INTRODUCTION
Portions of this test method are written for use by laboratories that make use of ASTM Test
2
Monitoring Center (TMC) services (see Annex A1 – Annex A4).
The TMC provides reference oils, and engineering and statistical services to laboratories that desire
to produce test results that are statistically similar to those produced by laboratories previously
calibrated by the TMC.
In general, the Test Purchaser decides if a calibrated test stand is to be used. Organizations such as
the American Chemistry Council require that a laboratory use the TMC services as part of their test
registration process. In addition, the American Petroleum Institute and the Gear Lubricant Review
Committee of the Lubricant Review Institute (SAE International) require that a laboratory use the
TMC services in seeking qualification of oils against their specifications.
The advantage of using the TMC services to calibrate test stands is that the test laboratory (and
hence the Test Purchaser) has an assurance that the test stand was operating at the proper level of test
severity. It should also be borne in mind that results obtained in a non-calibrated test stand may not
be the same as those obtained in a test stand participating in the ASTM TMC services process.
Laboratories that choose not to use the TMC services may simply disregard these portions.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the anti-scoring properties of final drive axle lubricating oils when subjected to
2
high-speed and shock conditions. This test method is commonly referred to as the L-42 test.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.2.1 Exceptions—SI units are provided for all parameters except where there is no direct equivalent such as the units for screw
threads, National Pipe Threads/diameters, tubing size, and single source equipment suppliers.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.B0.03 on Automotive Gear Lubricants & Fluids.
Current edition approved July 1, 2019Nov. 1, 2022. Published August 2019November 2022. Originally approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 20172019
ɛ1
as D7452 – 17.D7452 – 19 . DOI: 10.1520/D7452-19E01.10.1520/D7452-22.
2
Until the next revision of this test method, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC) will update changes in this test method by means of information letters. Information
letters may be obtained from the ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 203 Armstrong Drive, Freeport, PA 16229, Attention: Director. This edition incorporates revisions in all
information Letters through No. 19-1.22-1. The TMC is also a source of reference oils.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7452 − 22
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning information is given in Sections 4 and 7.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (P
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D7452 − 22
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of the Load Carrying Properties of Lubricants
Used for Final Drive Axles, Under Conditions of High Speed
1
and Shock Loading
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7452; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Portions of this test method are written for use by laboratories that make use of ASTM Test
2
Monitoring Center (TMC) services (see Annex A1 – Annex A4).
The TMC provides reference oils, and engineering and statistical services to laboratories that desire
to produce test results that are statistically similar to those produced by laboratories previously
calibrated by the TMC.
In general, the Test Purchaser decides if a calibrated test stand is to be used. Organizations such as
the American Chemistry Council require that a laboratory use the TMC services as part of their test
registration process. In addition, the American Petroleum Institute and the Gear Lubricant Review
Committee of the Lubricant Review Institute (SAE International) require that a laboratory use the
TMC services in seeking qualification of oils against their specifications.
The advantage of using the TMC services to calibrate test stands is that the test laboratory (and
hence the Test Purchaser) has an assurance that the test stand was operating at the proper level of test
severity. It should also be borne in mind that results obtained in a non-calibrated test stand may not
be the same as those obtained in a test stand participating in the ASTM TMC services process.
Laboratories that choose not to use the TMC services may simply disregard these portions.
1. Scope* screw threads, National Pipe Threads/diameters, tubing size,
and single source equipment suppliers.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the anti-
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
scoring properties of final drive axle lubricating oils when
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
subjected to high-speed and shock conditions. This test method
2
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
is commonly referred to as the L-42 test.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
Specific warning information is given in Sections 4 and 7.
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
and are not considered standard.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.2.1 Exceptions—SI units are provided for all parameters
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
except where there is no direct equivalent such as the units for
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
2. Referenced Documents
Subcommittee D02.B0.03 on Automotive Gear Lubricants & Fluids.
3
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2022. Published November 2022. Originally
2.1 ASTM Standards:
ɛ1
approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as D7452 – 19 . DOI:
D235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits)
10.1520/D7452-22.
2
Until the next revision of this test method, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center
(TMC) will update changes in this test method by means of information letters.
3
Information letters may be obtained from the ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 203 For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Armstrong Drive, Freeport, PA 16229, Attention: Director. This edition incorporates contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
revisions in all information Letters through No. 22-1. The TMC is also a source of Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
reference oils. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7452 − 22
(Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent) 5.2.1 American Petroleum Institute (API) Publication
7
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data
...
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