ASTM C939-97

Standard Test Method for Flow of Grout for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete (Flow Cone Method)

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure, used both in the laboratory and in the field, for determining the time of efflux of a specified volume of fluid hydraulic cement grout through a standardized flow cone and used for preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete; however, the test method may also be used for other fluid grouts.  
1.2 It is for use with neat grout and with grouts containing fine aggregate all passing a 2.36-mm (No. 8) sieve.  
1.3 This test method is intended for use with grout having an efflux time of 35 s or less.  
1.4 When efflux time exceeds 35 s, flowability is better determined by flow table, found in Test Method C109, using 5 drops in 3 s.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Jul-1997
• ICS: 91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products
• Technical Committee: C09 - Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
• Drafting Committee: C09.41 - Hydraulic Cement Grouts

Relations

• Referred By: ASTM C942/C942M-21 - Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Grouts for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete in the Laboratory
• Effective Date: 10-Jul-1997

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: C 939 – 97
Standard Test Method for
Flow of Grout for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete (Flow Cone
Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 939; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This specification has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 4. Significance and Use
1.1 This test method covers a procedure, used both in the 4.1 This test method is applicable to the determination of
laboratory and in the field, for determining the time of efflux of the fluidity of various fluid grout mixtures.
a specified volume of fluid hydraulic cement grout through a
5. Interferences
standardized flow cone and used for preplaced-aggregate (PA)
concrete; however, the test method may also be used for other 5.1 The presence of solid particles retained on the 2.36-mm
(No. 8) sieve or lumps of unmixed material in the grout may
fluid grouts.
1.2 It is for use with neat grout and with grouts containing cause the grout to flow unevenly through the discharge tube of
the flow cone or stop the flow completely. Uneven flow will
fine aggregate all passing a 2.36-mm (No. 8) sieve.
1.3 This test method is intended for use with grout having result in slower transit of the grout, thereby indicating a false
consistency.
an efflux time of 35 s or less.
1.4 When efflux time exceeds 35 s, flowability is better
6. Apparatus
determined by flow table, found in Test Method C 109, using 5
6.1 Flow Cone, with dimensions as shown in Fig. 1. The
drops in 3 s.
discharge tube shall be stainless steel. The body can be
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
stainless steel, cast aluminum, or other essentially noncorrod-
standard.
ing metal.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
NOTE 1—Cones with high-density polyethylene bodies are acceptable
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
for field use in situations where precision as described in this test method
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
is not required.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
6.2 Receiving Container, capacity 2000 mL, minimum.
6.3 Ring Stand or other device, capable of supporting the
2. Referenced Documents
flow cone in a vertical, steady position over the receiving
2.1 ASTM Standards:
container.
C 109/C109MTest Method for Compressive Strength of
6.4 Level, carpenter’s or similar.
Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or 50-mm Cube
6.5 Stop Watch, least reading of not more than 0.2 s.
Specimens)
6.6 Grout Mixer, conforming to Practice C 938.
C 938 Practice for Proportioning Grout Mixtures for
Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete
7. Test Sample
7.1 The grout test sample shall be in excess of 1725 mL and
3. Summary of Test Method
shall be representative of the grout in the mixer.
3.1 The time of efflux of a specified volume of grout from a
7.2 When sampling and testing is being done for the
standardized flow cone is measured.
purpose of proportioning or comparing mixes or for qualifying
materials, the temperature of the dry materials and mixing
water shall be such that the temperature of the freshly mixed
grout is 73.4 6 3°F (23 6 1.7°C), unless otherwise specified.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committe C-9 on Concrete
and Concrete Aggregatesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C 09.41 on
Concrete for Radiation Shielding. 8. Calibration of Apparatus
Current edition approved July 10, 1997. Published June 1998. Originally
8.1 Mount the flow cone firmly in such a manner that it is
published as C 939 – 81. Last previous edition C 939 – 94a.
free of vibration. Level the top to assure verticality. Close the
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.01.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
C 939
NOTE 1—Other mea
...