ASTM E1444/E1444M-16
(Practice)Standard Practice for Magnetic Particle Testing
Standard Practice for Magnetic Particle Testing
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Description of Process—Magnetic particle testing consists of magnetizing the area to be examined, applying suitably prepared magnetic particles while the area is magnetized, and subsequently interpreting and evaluating any resulting particle accumulations. Maximum detectability occurs when the discontinuity is positioned on the surface and perpendicular to the magnetic flux.
4.2 This practice establishes the basic parameters for controlling the application of the magnetic particle testing method. This practice is written so that it can be specified on the engineering drawing, specification, or contract. It is not a detailed how-to procedure to be used by the examination personnel and, therefore, must be supplemented by a detailed written procedure that conforms to the requirements of this practice.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice establishes minimum requirements for magnetic particle testing used for the detection of surface or slightly subsurface discontinuities in ferromagnetic material. Guide E709 can be used in conjunction with this practice as a tutorial.
Note 1: This Practice replaces MIL-STD-1949.
1.2 The magnetic particle testing method is used to detect cracks, laps, seams, inclusions, and other discontinuities on or near the surface of ferromagnetic materials. Magnetic particle testing may be applied to raw material, billets, finished and semi-finished materials, welds, and in-service parts. Magnetic particle testing is not applicable to non-ferromagnetic metals and alloys such as austenitic stainless steels. See Appendix X1 for additional information.
1.3 All areas of this Practice may be open to agreement between the Cognizant Engineering Organization and the supplier, or specific direction from the Cognizant Engineering Organization.
1.4 This standard is a combined standard, an ASTM standard in which rationalized SI units and inch-pound units are included in the same standard, with each system of units to be regarded separately as standard.
1.4.1 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: E1444/E1444M − 16
StandardPractice for
1
Magnetic Particle Testing
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationE1444/E1444M;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyear
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This practice establishes minimum requirements for 2.1 The following documents form a part of this standard
magnetic particle testing used for the detection of surface or practice to the extent specified herein.
slightly subsurface discontinuities in ferromagnetic material. 2
2.2 ASTM Standards:
Guide E709 can be used in conjunction with this practice as a
A275/A275MPracticeforMagneticParticleExaminationof
tutorial.
Steel Forgings
A456/A456MSpecification for Magnetic Particle Examina-
NOTE 1—This Practice replaces MIL-STD-1949.
tion of Large Crankshaft Forgings
1.2 The magnetic particle testing method is used to detect
E543Specification forAgencies Performing Nondestructive
cracks, laps, seams, inclusions, and other discontinuities on or
Testing
near the surface of ferromagnetic materials. Magnetic particle
E709Guide for Magnetic Particle Testing
testing may be applied to raw material, billets, finished and
E1316Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
semi-finished materials, welds, and in-service parts. Magnetic
E2297GuideforUseofUV-AandVisibleLightSourcesand
particle testing is not applicable to non-ferromagnetic metals
MetersusedintheLiquidPenetrantandMagneticParticle
and alloys such as austenitic stainless steels. See Appendix X1
Methods
for additional information.
E3022Practice for Measurement of Emission Characteris-
1.3 All areas of this Practice may be open to agreement
tics and Requirements for LED UV-A Lamps Used in
between the Cognizant Engineering Organization and the
Fluorescent Penetrant and Magnetic Particle Testing
supplier, or specific direction from the Cognizant Engineering 3
2.3 ASNT Documents:
Organization.
SNT-TC-1ARecommended Practice No. “Personnel Quali-
1.4 This standard is a combined standard, an ASTM stan- fication and Certification in Nondestructive Testing
dard in which rationalized SI units and inch-pound units are ANSI/ASNTCP-189Standard for Qualification and Certifi-
included in the same standard, with each system of units to be cation of NDT Personnel
regarded separately as standard.
2.4 Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE)-AMS
4,5
1.4.1 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch- Documents:
pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The AMS2641Magnetic Particle Inspection Vehicle
values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; AMS 3040 Magnetic Particles, Nonfluorescent, Dry
therefore,eachsystemshallbeusedindependentlyoftheother. Method
Combining values from the two systems may result in non- AMS 3041 Magnetic Particles, Nonfluorescent, Wet
conformance with the standard. Method, Oil Vehicle, Ready-To-Use
AMS 3042 Magnetic Particles, Nonfluorescent, Wet
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Method, Dry Powder
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- 2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
3
AvailablefromAmericanSocietyforNondestructiveTesting(ASNT),P.O.Box
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nonde- 28518, 1711 Arlingate Ln., Columbus, OH 43228-0518, http://www.asnt.org.
4
structive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.03 on Liquid Copies of standards, specifications, drawings, and publications required by
Penetrant and Magnetic Particle Methods. manufacturers in connection with specification acquisition should be obtained from
Current edition approved June 1, 2016. Published June 2016. Originally the contracting activity or as directed by the contracting officer.
5
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as E1444-12. DOI: AvailablefromSAEInternational(SAE),400CommonwealthDr.,Warrendale,
10.1520/E1444_E1444M-16. PA 15096-0001, http://www.sae.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E1444/E1444M − 12 E1444/E1444M − 16
Standard Practice for
1
Magnetic Particle Testing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1444/E1444M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This practice establishes minimum requirements for magnetic particle testing used for the detection of surface or slightly
subsurface discontinuities in ferromagnetic material. Guide E709 can be used in conjunction with this practice as a tutorial.
NOTE 1—This Practice replaces MIL-STD-1949.
1.2 The magnetic particle testing method is used to detect cracks, laps, seams, inclusions, and other discontinuities on or near
the surface of ferromagnetic materials. Magnetic particle testing may be applied to raw material, billets, finished and semi-finished
materials, welds, and in-service parts. Magnetic particle testing is not applicable to non-ferromagnetic metals and alloys such as
austenitic stainless steels. See Appendix X1 for additional information.
1.3 All areas of this Practice may be open to agreement between the Cognizant Engineering Organization and the supplier, or
specific direction from the Cognizant Engineering Organization.
1.4 This standard is a combined standard, an ASTM standard in which rationalized SI units and inch-pound units are included
in the same standard, with each system of units to be regarded separately as standard.
1.4.1 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated
in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values
from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 The following documents form a part of this standard practice to the extent specified herein.
2
2.2 ASTM Standards:
A275/A275M Practice for Magnetic Particle Examination of Steel Forgings
A456/A456M Specification for Magnetic Particle Examination of Large Crankshaft Forgings
E543 Specification for Agencies Performing Nondestructive Testing
E709 Guide for Magnetic Particle Testing
E1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
E2297 Guide for Use of UV-A and Visible Light Sources and Meters used in the Liquid Penetrant and Magnetic Particle Methods
E3022 Practice for Measurement of Emission Characteristics and Requirements for LED UV-A Lamps Used in Fluorescent
Penetrant and Magnetic Particle Testing
3
2.3 ASNT Documents:
SNT-TC-1A Recommended Practice No. “Personnel Qualification and Certification in Nondestructive Testing
ANSI/ASNT CP-189 Standard for Qualification and Certification of NDT Personnel
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nondestructive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.03 on Liquid Penetrant
and Magnetic Particle Methods.
Current edition approved Oct. 15, 2012June 1, 2016. Published November 2012June 2016. Originally approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 20112012 as
E1444 - 11.E1444 - 12. DOI: 10.1520/E1444_E1444M-12.10.1520/E1444_E1444M-16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American Society for Nondestructive Testing (ASNT), P.O. Box 28518, 1711 Arlingate Ln., Columbus, OH 43228-0518, http://www.asnt.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E1444/E1444M − 16
4,5
2.4 Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE)-AMS Documents:
AMS 2641 Magnetic Particle Inspection Vehicle
AMS 3040 Magnetic Particles, Nonfluorescent, Dry Method
AMS 3041 Magnetic Particles,
...
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