ASTM F2283-04(2009)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Shipboard Oil Pollution Abatement System
Standard Specification for Shipboard Oil Pollution Abatement System
ABSTRACT
This specification covers the construction, operation, and safety requirements for a shipboard oil pollution abatement system (OPAS) that processes oily waste and allows selective suction from all oily waste holding tanks, waste oil, dirty oil, and drain tanks and the bilges of all oily water generating spaces for operation within the U.S. Contiguous Zone as excepted by local regulatory authorities. This specification covers the entire system from the point of entering the system until the oil-water mixture is treated and discharged overboard. It includes minimizing oily waste generation, the oily waste holding tank, the oil-water separation device, the control system, feed and recirculation pump(s), a secondary treatment device, and an automatic stopping device.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers a shipboard oil pollution abatement system (OPAS) that processes oily waste and allows selective suction from all oily waste holding tanks, waste oil, dirty oil, and drain tanks and the bilges of all oily water generating spaces for operation within the U.S. Contiguous Zone as excepted by local regulatory authorities.
1.1.1 This specification covers the system from the point of entering the system until the oil-water mixture is treated and discharged overboard.
1.1.2 This includes minimizing oily waste generation, the oily waste holding tank, the oil-water separation device, the control system, feed and recirculation pump(s), a secondary treatment device, and an automatic stopping device capable of detecting 15 ppm oil in the waste stream.
1.1.3 Fig. 1 provides a general system schematic to utilize for system configuration.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:F2283 −04(Reapproved 2009) An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Shipboard Oil Pollution Abatement System
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2283; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope F708 Practice for Design and Installation of Rigid Pipe
Hangers
1.1 Thisspecificationcoversashipboardoilpollutionabate-
F992 Specification for Valve Label Plates
ment system (OPAS) that processes oily waste and allows
F993 Specification for Valve Locking Devices
selective suction from all oily waste holding tanks, waste oil,
F998 Specification for Centrifugal Pump, Shipboard Use
dirty oil, and drain tanks and the bilges of all oily water
F1030 Practice for Selection of Valve Operators
generating spaces for operation within the U.S. Contiguous
F1098 Specification for Envelope Dimensions for Butterfly
Zone as excepted by local regulatory authorities.
Valves—NPS 2 to 24
1.1.1 This specification covers the system from the point of
F1122 Specification for Quick Disconnect Couplings (6 in.
entering the system until the oil-water mixture is treated and
NPS and Smaller)
discharged overboard.
F1155 Practice for Selection and Application of Piping
1.1.2 This includes minimizing oily waste generation, the
System Materials
oily waste holding tank, the oil-water separation device, the
F1166 Practice for Human Engineering Design for Marine
control system, feed and recirculation pump(s), a secondary
Systems, Equipment, and Facilities
treatment device, and an automatic stopping device capable of
F1298 Specification for Flexible, Expansion-Type Ball
detecting 15 ppm oil in the waste stream.
Joints for Marine Applications
1.1.3 Fig. 1 provides a general system schematic to utilize
F1323 Specification for Shipboard Incinerators
for system configuration.
F1337 Practice for Human Systems Integration Program
Requirements for Ships and Marine Systems, Equipment,
2. Referenced Documents
and Facilities
2.1 ASTM Standards:
F1510 Specification for Rotary Positive Displacement
A307 SpecificationforCarbonSteelBoltsandStuds,60000
Pumps, Ships Use
PSI Tensile Strength
F1511 Specification for Mechanical Seals for Shipboard
A312/A312M Specification for Seamless, Welded, and
Pump Applications
Heavily Cold Worked Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipes
F2044 Specification for Liquid Level Indicating Equipment,
A530/A530M Specification for General Requirements for
Electrical
Specialized Carbon and Alloy Steel Pipe
2.2 ANSI Standards:
A563 Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts
B16.1 Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flange Fittings
A999/A999M Specification for General Requirements for
B16.5 Steel Pipe Flanges, Flanged Valves and Fittings 150,
Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe
300, 400, 600, 900, 1500 and 2500 lb
B165 Specification for Nickel-CopperAlloy (UNS N04400)
B16.11 Forged Steel Fittings, Socket Welding and Threaded
Seamless Pipe and Tube
B16.24 Bronze Flanges and Flanged Fittings 150, 300 lb
F467 Specification for Nonferrous Nuts for General Use
F468 Specification for Nonferrous Bolts, Hex Cap Screws,
2.3 Code of Federal Regulations:
and Studs for General Use
33 CFR Part 155 Department of Homeland Security, U.S.
Coast Guard (USCG), Oil or Hazardous Material Pollu-
tion Prevention Regulations for Vessels
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Ships
40 CFR Part 136 Guidelines Establishing Test Procedures
and Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.06 on
for the Analysis of Pollutants
Marine Environmental Protection.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2009. Published January 2010. Originally
approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as F2283 - 04. DOI:
10.1520/F2283-04R09.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on AvailablefromU.S.GovernmentPrintingOfficeSuperintendentofDocuments,
the ASTM website. 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F2283−04 (2009)
FIG. 1Notional Shipboard Oil Pollution Abatement
46 CFR Part 162 Department of Homeland Security, U.S. 3. Terminology
Coast Guard (USCG), Engineering Equipment
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
46 CFR Part 147 Department of Homeland Security, U.S.
3.1.1 15 ppm separation device—a separation device that is
Coast Guard (USCG), Hazardous Ships’ Stores
designed to remove enough oil from an oil-water mixture to
40 CFR Part 171 Department of Transportation (DoT),
provide a resulting mixture that has an oil concentration of 15
Research and Special Programs Administration (RSPA),
ppm or less.
General Information, Regulations and Definitions
3.1.2 automatic stopping device—a device that automati-
2.4 Other Documents:
cally stops any discharge overboard of oily mixture when the
64 Federal Register Number 173, 8 September 1999 Con-
oil content of the effluent exceeds 15 ppm.
tiguous Zone Proclamation ANSI/NFPA No. 70 National
5 3.1.3 bilge alarm—an instrument that is designed to mea-
Electrical Code
sure the oil content of oily mixtures from machinery space
IEEE 45-2002 Recommended Practice for Electric Installa-
bilges and fuel oil tanks that carry ballast and activate an alarm
tions on Shipboard International Convention for the Pre-
at a set concentration limit.
ventingofPollutionfromShips(1973),asmodifiedbythe
3.1.4 bilge monitor—an instrument that is designed to
Protocols of 1978 (MARPOL 73/78) and 1997 and asso-
measure and record the oil content of oily mixtures from
ciated Annexes, including Annex I and Annex VI
machinery space bilges and fuel oil tanks that carry ballast.
Resolution MEPC.107(49) Revised Guidelines and Specifi-
cationsforPollutionPreventionEquipmentforMachinery
3.1.5 cargo monitor—an instrument that is designed to
Space Bilges of Ships
measure and record the oil content of cargo residues from
Public Law 92-500 Federal Water Pollution Control Act,
cargo tanks and oily mixtures combined with these residues.
October 18, 1972, as amended by Public Law 95-217,
3.1.6 contiguous zone—the entire zone established by the
Clean WaterAct, December 27, 1977, as amended Under-
United States under Contiguous Zone Proclamation.
writers Laboratories Standard 913 (as revised April 8,
64 Fed. Reg 173
1976)
3.1.7 discharge—includes,butisnotlimitedto,anyspilling,
UL Standard 913 Standard for Intrinsically Safe Apparatus
leaking, pumping, pouring, emitting, emptying, or dumping.
and Associated Apparatus for Use in Class I, II, III,
Division 1, Hazardous (Classified) Locations 3.1.8 hazardous materials—any material or combination of
ISO 9377–2:2000 Water Quality—Determination of Hydro- material that poses a substantial danger to human beings,
carbon Oil Index—Part 2: Method Using Solvent Extrac- plants, animals and the marine environment. A material is
tion and Gas Chromatography hazardous if it possesses one or more of the following
characteristics: ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, toxicity, and
radioactivity.
AvailablefromU.S.GovernmentPrintingOfficeSuperintendentofDocuments,
3.1.9 independent laboratory—a laboratory that is not
732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401.
owned or controlled by a manufacturer, supplier, or vendor of
Available from Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE),
445 Hoes Ln., P.O. Box 1331, Piscataway, NJ 08854-1331 separators, monitors, or bilge alarms.
Available from International Maritime Organization (IMO), Marine Environ-
3.1.10 oil—oilofanykindorinanyform,including,butnot
mental Protection Committee (MEPC), 4 Albert Embankment, London, SE1 7SR,
limited to, petroleum, fuel oil, sludge, oil refuse, and oil mixed
U.K.
Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL), Corporate Progress, 333
with wastes other than dredged soil.
Pfingsten Rd., Northbrook, IL 60062.
3.1.11 oil content monitor—instruments that are designed to
Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1 rue de
Varembé, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland. measure the oil content of the oil-water separator effluent
F2283−04 (2009)
discharge and that automatically diverts any discharge of oily 5.2.1 The goal of the OPAS is to reduce the volume of
mixture when the oil content of the effluent exceeds 15 ppm. oil-contaminated water that must be held onboard the ship in
dedicated waste oil or sludge tanks. This is accomplished by
3.1.12 oil-water separation device—may include any com-
processing oily waste water through oil-water separator equip-
binationofaseparator,filter,coalescerorothermeans,andalso
ment to produce OPAS permeate meeting regulatory limits that
a single unit designed to produce an effluent with oil content
can be discharged overboard.
not exceeding 15 ppm.
5.2.2 The system shall not utilize dilution as a means of
3.1.13 ppm—parts of oil per million parts of water by
obtaining pollution discharge limits.
volume.
5.2.3 From Resolution MEPC.017(49): The OPAS must be
3.1.14 public vessel—a vessel owned or bareboat chartered
capable of handling any oily mixtures from the machinery
and operated by the United States, or by a State or political
space bilges and be expected to be effective over the complete
subdivision thereof, or by a foreign nation, except when the
range of oils which might be carried on board ship, and deal
vessel is engaged in commerce.
satisfactorily with oil of very high relative density, or with a
3.1.15 remove or removal—refers to containment and re-
mixture presented to it as an emulsion. Cleansing agents,
moval of the oil from the water and shorelines or the taking of
emulsifiers, solvents, or surfactants used for cleaning purposes
suchotheractionsasmaybenecessarytoprevent,minimize,or
may cause the bilge water to emulsify. Proper measures should
mitigate damage to the public health or welfare, including, but
be taken to minimize the presense of these substances in the
not limited to, fish, shellfish, wildlife, and public and private
bilges of a ship. With the possibility of emulsified bilge water
property, shorelines, and beaches.
always present, the oil-water separator must be capable of
separatingtheoilfromtheemulsiontoproduceaneffluentwith
3.1.16 synthetic oil—oils that are not petroleum based, but
an oil content not exceeding 15 ppm.
chemical based, do not rise to the surface of water and are as
5.2.4 All OPAS components shall minimize the effort re-
heavy or heavier than water.
quiredfortheirdraining,accessing,cleaning,maintenance,and
3.1.17 United States—the States, the District of Columbia,
preservation.
the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Commonwealth of the
5.2.5 The OPAS system shall operate as specified herein
Northern Mariana Islands, Guam,American Samoa, the Virgin
within relative humidity limits of 5 to 95 %.
Islands, and the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands.
5.2.6 The OPAS equipment shall not be damaged nor shall
3.1.18 vessel—every description of watercraft or other arti-
subsequent operational performance be degraded as a result of
ficial contrivance used, or capable of being used, as a means of
exposure to salt fog.
transportation on water other than a public vessel.
5.2.7 When in a non-operating state, the OPAS shall not be
damaged nor shall subsequent operational performance be
4. Ordering Information
degradedasaresultofallexternalcomponentsbeingsubjected
4.1 Orders shall include the following information:
to seawater spray.
4.1.1 Sizing requirements.
5.2.8 The OPAS shall minimize turbulent fluid flow, oil and
4.1.2 Processing rate requirements.
watermixingandemulsification,andoildropletsizereduction.
4.1.3 Additional control requirements.
5.2.9 The oily waste holding tank shall be designed as a
4.1.4 Anyadditionalrequirementsrequiredbythepurchaser
baffled settling tank, allowing bilge water to separate into oil
to meet special needs.
and water with means provided to pump bulk oil to the waste
oil tank.
5. Materials and Manufacture
5.2.10 Effluent exceeding the oil content limit shall be
5.1 Bilge Management:
recirculated to the oil-water separator by means other than
5.1.1 Design machinery spaces to be as dry as practical and
5.2.17.1. A dedicated waste oil pump
centrifugal pumps per
provide means, such as piping insulation and other condensa-
shall be provided for handling of waste oil and transfer of
tion containment features. Use drip pans and other oil contain-
waste oil to shore or the ship’s incinerator (if provided).
ment devices to minimize contamination of bilge water.
5.2.11 If waste oil is to be held on board rather than being
5.1.2 Means, based upon unique ship/machinery design,
destroyed,thewasteoiltank(s)shallsatisfytherequirementfor
shall be provided to prevent the introduction of synthetic oils
sludgetanksgiveninMARPOL73/78Annex1,Regulation17,
and emulsifying agents into bilge water or the ship’s OPAS.
Unified Interpretation 8.1.
Synthetic oils have specific gravity very close to 1.0, therefore
5.2.11.1 For vessels less than 400 GT, oily waste shall be
compounding the complexity of the oil/water separation prob-
permitted to be stored in the bilge.
lem. Means might include:
5.1.2.1 Dedicated drain lines piped from drip pans under
5.2.12 Waste oil incinerators, if provided, shall meet Speci-
machinery using synthetic oils to a waste synthetic oils storage fication F1323.
device.
5.2.13 The oil-water separator shall operate manually and
5.1.2.2 Others as specified by the OPAS/ship designer that
automatically based on float switches in the oily waste holding
meettheprohibitiononintroductionofsyntheticsintotheships
tank(s).
bilge water and/or OPAS.
5.2.14 The OPAS shall be automated to take suction from
5.2 Oil Pollution Abatement System—General: oily water generating spaces by means of level switches.
F2283−04 (2009)
5.2.15 An oil-water separator shall be provided and shall be 5.2.23 To ensure crew safety, overflow alarms and monitors
sized to process the oily water at a rate equal to the daily shall be installed in all operating spaces.
generation of oily water.
5.2.24 Astowage locker for an oil spill response k
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