ASTM F2107-01e1
(Guide)Standard Guide for Construction and Maintenance of Skinned Areas on Sports Fields
Standard Guide for Construction and Maintenance of Skinned Areas on Sports Fields
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers techniques that are appropriate for the construction and maintenance of skinned areas on sports fields. This guide provides guidance for the selection of materials, such as soil, sand, gravel, crushed stone, crushed brick, calcined clay, calcined diatomaceous earth, vitrified clay, etc., for use in constructing or reconditioning skinned areas and for the selection of management practices that will maintain a safe and playable skinned surface. Although parts of this guide are specific to baseball/softball, it has application to other skinned playing surfaces where ball bounce, ball roll, and/or player footing are of importance.
1.2 Decisions in selecting construction and maintenance techniques are influenced by existing soil types, climatic factors, level of play, intensity of use, equipment available, budget, and training and ability of management personnel.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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An American National Standard
e1
Designation:F2107–01
Standard Guide for
Construction and Maintenance of Skinned Areas on Sports
1
Fields
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 2107; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
e NOTE—Section 5.1.3.7 was editorially corrected in May 2003.
1. Scope D 422 Test Method for Particle-Size Analysis of Soils
D 653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
1.1 This guide covers techniques that are appropriate for the
Fluids
construction and maintenance of skinned areas on sports fields.
D 4318 Test Method for Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit and
This guide provides guidance for the selection of materials,
Plasticity Index of Soils
such as soil, sand, gravel, crushed stone, crushed brick,
D 5853 Guide for Use of Rotary Kiln Produced Expanded
calcined clay, calcined diatomaceous earth, vitrified clay, etc.,
Shale, Clay, or Slate (ESCS) as a Mineral Amendment in
for use in constructing or reconditioning skinned areas and for
Topsoil Used for Landscaping and Related Purposes
the selection of management practices that will maintain a safe
E 11 Specification for Wire-Cloth Sieves for Testing Pur-
and playable skinned surface. Although parts of this guide are
poses
specific to baseball/softball, it has application to other skinned
F 405 Specification for Corrugated Polyethylene Tubing
playing surfaces where ball bounce, ball roll, and/or player
and Fittings
footing are of importance.
F 1632 Test Method for Particle Size Analysis and Sand
1.2 Decisions in selecting construction and maintenance
Shape Grading of Golf Course Putting Green and Sports
techniques are influenced by existing soil types, climatic
Field Root zone Mixes
factors, level of play, intensity of use, equipment available,
budget, and training and ability of management personnel.
3. Terminology
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3.1 Definitions—Except as noted, soil related definitions are
standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
in accordance with Terminology D 653.
1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials, opera-
3.1.1 calcined clay—granular, lightweight material pro-
tions, and equipment. This standard does not purport to
duced by calcining clay minerals, such as montmorillonite and
address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its
attapulgite, at temperatures of about 700°C or higher. Those
use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to
used as soil amendments should be hard, resistant to physical
establish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-
breakdown, and screened to appropriate sizes. Calcined clay is
mine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.
a manufactured product that lacks the particle size and plas-
2. Referenced Documents ticity properties that would allow it to be included in the
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definition of clay. (1)
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.2 calcined diatomite—stable, lightweight granules pro-
C33 Specification for Concrete Aggregates
duced by calcining diatomite (diatomaceous earth), a hydrated
C 144 Specification for Aggregate for Masonry Mortar
silica mineral derived from the remains of diatoms. (1)
C 242 Terminology of Ceramic Whitewares and Related
3.1.3 clay—clay can be defined in terms of a particular size
Products
fraction of a soil, a soil textural class, a soil particle size class,
a soil textural group, soil mineralogy, or, in engineering terms,
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This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 on Sports
as materials that exhibit plastic soil properties when at appro-
EquipmentandFacilitiesandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeF08.64on
priate water contents.
Natural Playing Surfaces.
3.1.3.1 Discussion—Ideally, the term “clay” should be ap-
Current edition approved May 10, 2001. Published September 2001.
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
propriatelydefinedwhenusedtodescribesoilsortopmixesfor
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
skinned areas. For example, a 60 % sand/40 % clay mixture
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
could imply either 60 % sand/40 % clayey soil (or other soils
the ASTM website.
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F2107–01
with textures containing enough clay (<0.002 mm) to exhibit refers to “rock fragments” classified as pebbles in the Glossary
plasticity) or 60 %
...
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