ASTM F31-94(1999)

Standard Specification for 42% Nickel-6% Chromium-Iron Sealing Alloy

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers an iron-nickel-chromium alloy (UNS K94760) used primarily for glass-sealing applications in electronic devices.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat applies only to Section 13. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Jun-1999
• ICS: 77.120.40 - Nickel, chromium and their alloys
• Technical Committee: F01 - Electronics
• Drafting Committee: F01.03 - Metallic Materials, Wire Bonding, and Flip Chip

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM F31-05 - Standard Specification for 42% Nickel-6% Chromium-Iron Sealing Alloy
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2005
• Referred By: ASTM F140-98(2020) - Standard Practice for Making Reference Glass-Metal Butt Seals and Testing for Expansion Characteristics by Polarimetric Methods
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-1999
• Referred By: ASTM F375-20 - Standard Specification for Integrated Circuit Lead Frame Material (Withdrawn 2023)
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-1999
• Referred By: ASTM F144-80(2019) - Standard Practice for Making Reference Glass-Metal Sandwich Seal and Testing for Expansion Characteristics by Polarimetric Methods
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-1999
• Referred By: ASTM F14-80(2019) - Standard Practice for Making and Testing Reference Glass-Metal Bead-Seal
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-1999

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact ASTM
International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: F 31 – 94 (Reapproved 1999)
Standard Specification for
42 % Nickel-6 % Chromium-Iron Sealing Alloy
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF31;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Polarimetric Methods
1.1 Thisspecificationcoversaniron-nickel-chromiumalloy
3. Ordering Information
(UNS K94760) used primarily for glass-sealing applications in
3.1 Ordersformaterialunderthisspecificationshallinclude
electronic devices.
the following information:
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3.1.1 Size,
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
3.1.2 Temper (Section 6),
information only.
3.1.3 Surface finish (Section 8),
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat applies only to
3.1.4 Marking and packaging (Section 13), and
Section13.Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthe
3.1.5 Certification if required.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4. Chemical Composition
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.1 The material shall conform to the requirements ofTable
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1 as to chemical composition.
2. Referenced Documents
TABLE 1 Chemical Composition
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Element Composition, %
E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness and Rockwell
Nickel, nominal 42.0
Superficial Hardness of Metallic Materials
Chromium, nominal 5.6
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
Carbon, max 0.07
Determine Conformance with Specifications
Manganese, max 0.25
E38 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Nickel-Chromium Phosphorus, max 0.025
4 Sulfur, max 0.025
and Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloys
Silicon, max 0.30
E112 Test Methods for Determining the Average Grain
Aluminum, max 0.20
Size Iron remainder
E228 Test Method for Linear Thermal Expansion of Solid
Materials with a Vitreous Silica Dilatometer
NOTE 1—The major constituents of this alloy may be adjusted by the
F14 Practice for Making and Testing Reference Glass-
manufacturer so that the alloy meets the requirement for thermal expan-
Metal Bead-Seal
sion.
F140 Practice for Making Reference Glass-Metal Butt
Seals and Testing for Expansion Characteristics by Polari-
5. Chemical Analysis
metric Methods
5.1 Chemical analysis shall be made, when desired, in
F144 Practice for Making Reference Glass-Metal Sand-
accordance with MethodsE38.
wich Seal and Testing for Expansion Characteristics by
6. Surface Lubricants
6.1 Alllubricantsusedduringcold-workingoperationssuch
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F-1 on
as drawing, rolling, or spinning, shall be capable of being
Electronics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F01.03 on Metallic
removed readily by any of the common organic degreasing
Materials.
Current edition approved April 15, 1994. Published June 1994. Originally solvents.
e1
published as F31–63T. Last previous edition F31–68(1989) .
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
7. Temper
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
4 7.1 The desired temper of the material shall be specified on
Discontinued; see 1988 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.05.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.02. the purchase order. Unless otherwise specified, wire, rod, and
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact ASTM
International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
F 31 – 94 (1999)
TABLE 2 Permissible Variations in Thickness of Cold-Rolled Strip
NOTE 1— Measurement shall be made at least ⁄8 in. (9.5 mm) from the edge of strip over 1-in. (25.4 mm) wide.
Specified Thickness Permissible Variations in Thickness for Width Given, 6
(Under 76 Over 3 to 6 (76to150 Over 6 to 12 (150 to 300 Over 12 to 16 (300 to 400
in. (mm) Under 3 in.
mm) in. mm) in. mm) in. mm)
0.160 to 0.100, incl (4.06 to 2.54) 0.002 (0.05) 0.003 (0.076) 0.004 (0.10) 0.004 (0.10)
0.099 to 0.069, incl (2.51 to 1.75) 0.002 (0.05) 0.003 (0.076) 0.003 (0.076) 0.004 (0.10)
0.068 to 0.050, incl (1.73 to 1.27) 0.002 (0.05) 0.003 (0.076) 0.003 (0.076) 0.003 (0.076)
0.049 to 0.035, incl (1.24 to 0.89) 0.002 (0.05) 0.0025 (0.064) 0.003 (0.076) 0.003 (0.076)
0.034 to 0.029, incl (0.86 to 0.74) 0.0015 (0.038) 0.002 (0.05) 0.0025 (0.064) 0.0025 (0.064)
0.028 to 0.026, incl (0.71 to 0.66) 0.0015 (0.038) 0.0015 (0.038) 0.002 (0.05) 0.002 (0.05)
0.025 to 0.020, incl (0.64 to 0.51) 0.001 (0.025) 0.0015 (0.038) 0.002 (0.05) 0.002 (0.05)
0.019 to 0.017, incl (0.48 to 0.43) 0.001 (0.025) 0.001 (0.025) 0.0015 (0.038) 0.002 (0.05)
0.016 to 0.012, incl (0.41 to 0.30) 0.001 (0.025) 0.001 (0.025) 0.0015 (0.038) 0.0015 (0.038)
0.011 to 0.0101, incl (0.28 to 0.256) 0.001 (0.025) 0.001 (0.025) 0.001 (0.025) 0.0015 (0.038)
0.010 to 0.0091, incl (0.254 to 0.231) 0.001 (0.025) 0.001 (0.025) 0.001 (0.025) 0.001 (0.025)
0.009 to 0.006, incl (0.228 to 0.152) 0.00075 (0.019) 0.00075 (0.019) . .
Under 0.006 (0.152) 0.0005 (0.013) 0.0005 (0.013) . .
TABLE 3 Permissible Variation in Thickness Across Width of Strip
Maximum Variation in Thickness Across Width of Strip, Within Those Provided for in Table 1 for Edge Measurements
Specified Thickness
for Widths and Thicknesses Given,
5 in. and (127 mm and Over 5 to (Over 127 to 300 Over 12 to 24 in., (Over 300 to 600
in. (mm)
Under Under) 12 in. mm) incl mm)
0.005 to 0.010, incl (0.13 to 0.25) 0.00075 (0.019) 0.001 (0.025) 0.0015 (0.038)
Over 0.010 to 0.025, incl (0.25 to 0.64) 0.001 (0.025) 0.0015 (0.038) 0.002 (0.051)
Over 0.025 to 0.065, incl (0.64 to 1.65) 0.0015 (0.038) 0.002 (0.051) 0.0025 (0.064)
Over 0.065 to 3 16 , excl (1.65 to 4.74) 0.002 (0.051) 0.0025 (0.064) 0.003 (0.076)
/
TABLE 5 Permissible Variations in Diameter of Wire and Rod
tubing shall be given a final bright anneal by the manufacturer.
Permissible Variations in
Strip and sheet shall be annealed properly to develop drawing
Specified Diameter
Diameter, 6
properties. For deep drawing, the hardness shall not exceed
in. (mm) in. (mm)
Rockwell B90 when determined in accordance with Test
Wire (Coiled, Spooled or Straight Lengths)
MethodsE18.
0.002 to 0.0043 (0.051 to 0.109) 0.0002 (0.005)
0.0044 to 0.0079 (112 to 0.200) 0.00025 (0.0064)
8. Grain Size
0.008 to 0.0149 (0.203 to 0.378) 0.0003 (0.0076)
8.1 Strip and sheet for deep drawing applications shall have
0.015 to 0.0199 (0.381 to 0.505) 0.0004 (0.0102)
0.020 to 0.0309 (0.508 to 0.785) 0.0005 (0.0127)
an average grain size not larger than ASTM No. 5 (Note 2),
0.031 to 0.0409 (0.787 to 1.039) 0.0006 (0.0152)
with no more than 10% of the grains larger than No. 5 when
0.041 to 0.0609 (1.041 to 1.547) 0.0007 (0.0178)
measured in accordance with Test MethodsE112. For mate-
0.061 t
...