ASTM D6822-12b
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Thermohydrometer Method
Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Thermohydrometer Method
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Density and API gravity are used in custody transfer quantity calculations and to satisfy transportation, storage, and regulatory requirements. Accurate determination of density or API gravity of crude petroleum and liquid petroleum products is necessary for the conversion of measured volumes to volumes at the standard temperatures of 15°C or 60°F.
Density and API gravity are also factors that indicate the quality of crude petroleum. Crude petroleum prices are frequently posted against values in kg/m3 or in degrees API. However, this property of petroleum is an uncertain indication of its quality unless correlated with other properties.
Field of Application—Because the thermohydrometer incorporates both the hydrometer and thermometer in one device, it is more applicable in field operations for determining density or API gravity of crude petroleum and other liquid petroleum products. The procedure is convenient for gathering main trunk pipelines and other field applications where limited laboratory facilities are available. The thermohydrometer method may have limitations in some petroleum density determinations. When this is the case, other methods such as Test Method (API MPMS Chapter 9.1) may be used.
This procedure is suitable for determining the density, relative density, or API gravity of low viscosity, transparent or opaque liquids, or both. This procedure, when used for opaque liquids, requires the use of a meniscus correction (see 9.2). Additionally for both transparent and opaque fluids the readings shall be corrected for the thermal glass expansion effect and alternate calibration temperature effects before correcting to the reference temperature. This procedure can also be used for viscous liquids by allowing sufficient time for the thermohydrometer to reach temperature equilibrium.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination, using a glass thermohydrometer in conjunction with a series of calculations, of the density, relative density, or API gravity of crude petroleum, petroleum products, or mixtures of petroleum and nonpetroleum products normally handled as liquids and having a Reid vapor pressures of 101.325 kPa (14.696 psi) or less. Values are determined at existing temperatures and corrected to 15°C or 60°F by means of a series of calculations and international standard tables.
1.2 The initial thermohydrometer readings obtained are uncorrected hydrometer readings and not density measurements. Readings are measured on a thermohydrometer at either the reference temperature or at another convenient temperature, and readings are corrected for the meniscus effect, the thermal glass expansion effect, alternate calibration temperature effects and to the reference temperature by means of calculations and Adjunct to D1250 Guide for Use of the Petroleum Measurement Tables (API MPMS Chapter 11.1).
1.3 Readings determined as density, relative density, or API gravity can be converted to equivalent values in the other units or alternate reference temperatures by means of Interconversion Procedures (API MPMS Chapter 11.5) or Adjunct to D1250 Guide for Use of the Petroleum Measurement Tables (API MPMS Chapter 11.1), or both, or tables as applicable.
1.4 The initial thermohydrometer reading shall be recorded before performing any calculations. The calculations required in Section 9 shall be applied to the initial thermohydrometer reading with observations and results reported as required by Section 11 prior to use in a subsequent calculation procedure (measurement ticket calculation, meter factor calculation, or base prover volume determination).
1.5 Annex A1 contains a procedure for verifying or certifying the equipment of this test method.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its us...
General Information
Relations
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D6822 − 12b
Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards (MPMS), Chapter 9.3
Standard Test Method for
Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Crude
Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by
1
Thermohydrometer Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6822; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* reading with observations and results reported as required by
Section 11 prior to use in a subsequent calculation procedure
1.1 This test method covers the determination, using a glass
(measurement ticket calculation, meter factor calculation, or
thermohydrometer in conjunction with a series of calculations,
base prover volume determination).
of the density, relative density, or API gravity of crude
petroleum, petroleum products, or mixtures of petroleum and 1.5 AnnexA1 contains a procedure for verifying or certify-
nonpetroleum products normally handled as liquids and having ing the equipment of this test method.
a Reid vapor pressures of 101.325 kPa (14.696 psi) or less.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Valuesaredeterminedatexistingtemperaturesandcorrectedto
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
15°C or 60°F by means of a series of calculations and
only.
international standard tables.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
1.2 The initial thermohydrometer readings obtained are
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
uncorrected hydrometer readings and not density measure-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
ments.Readingsaremeasuredonathermohydrometerateither
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
the reference temperature or at another convenient
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
temperature,andreadingsarecorrectedforthemeniscuseffect,
the thermal glass expansion effect, alternate calibration tem-
2. Referenced Documents
perature effects and to the reference temperature by means of
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
calculations and Adjunct to D1250 Guide for Use of the
D1250 Guide for Use of the Petroleum Measurement Tables
Petroleum Measurement Tables (API MPMS Chapter 11.1).
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API
1.3 Readings determined as density, relative density, orAPI
Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Prod-
gravity can be converted to equivalent values in the other units
ucts by Hydrometer Method
or alternate reference temperatures by means of Interconver-
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
sion Procedures (API MPMS Chapter 11.5) or Adjunct to
Petroleum Products
D1250 Guide for Use of the Petroleum Measurement Tables
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
(API MPMS Chapter 11.1), or both, or tables as applicable.
Petroleum Products
D5854 Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samples
1.4 The initial thermohydrometer reading shall be recorded
of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
before performing any calculations. The calculations required
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias
in Section 9 shall be applied to the initial thermohydrometer
Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and
Lubricants
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
E100 Specification for ASTM Hydrometers
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and the API Committee on
Petroleum Measurement, and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.02
/COMQ, the joint ASTM-API Committee on Hydrocarbon Measurement for
2
Custody Transfer (Joint ASTM-API). For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved June 1, 2012. Published October 2012. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D6822-12a. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D6822-12B. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
© Jointly copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, USA and the American Petroleum Institute (API), 1220 L Street NW, Washington DC 20005, USA
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6822 − 12b
3
2.2 API Standards: 3.1.4 observed values, n—hydrometer readings observed at
MPMS Chapter 8.1 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petro- a temperature other than the defined reference temperature.
leum and Petroleum Products (ASTM Pra
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
API Designation: Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards (MPMS), Chapter 9.3
Designation:D6822–12a Designation:D6822–12b
Standard Test Method for
Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Crude
Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by
1
Thermohydrometer Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6822; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (ϵ) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination, using a glass thermohydrometer in conjunction with a series of calculations, of
the density, relative density, or API gravity of crude petroleum, petroleum products, or mixtures of petroleum and nonpetroleum
products normally handled as liquids and having a Reid vapor pressures of 101.325 kPa (14.696 psi) or less.Values are determined
at existing temperatures and corrected to 15°C or 60°F by means of a series of calculations and international standard tables.
1.2 The initial thermohydrometer readings obtained are uncorrected hydrometer readings and not density measurements.
Readings are measured on a thermohydrometer at either the reference temperature or at another convenient temperature, and
readings are corrected for the meniscus effect, the thermal glass expansion effect, alternate calibration temperature effects and to
the reference temperature by means of calculations and Adjunct to D1250 , Guide for Use of the Petroleum Measurement Tables
(API MPMS Chapter 11.1).
1.3 Readings determined as density, relative density, orAPI gravity can be converted to equivalent values in the other units or
alternate reference temperatures by means of Interconversion Procedures (API MPMS Chapter 11.5) orAdjunct to D1250 , Guide
for Use of the Petroleum Measurement Tables (API MPMS Chapter 11.1), or both, or tables as applicable.
1.4 The initial thermohydrometer reading shall be recorded before performing any calculations. The calculations required in
Section 9 shall be applied to the initial thermohydrometer reading with observations and results reported as required by Section
11 prior to use in a subsequent calculation procedure (measurement ticket calculation, meter factor calculation, or base prover
volume determination).
1.5 Annex A1 contains a procedure for verifying or certifying the equipment of this test method.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1250 Guide for Use of the Petroleum Measurement Tables
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity),Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid
Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method (API MPMS Chapter 9.1) Chapter 9.1)
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products (API MPMS Chapter 8.1) Chapter 8.1)
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products (API MPMS Chapter 8.2) Chapter 8.2)
D5854 Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samples of Petroleum and Petroleum Products (API MPMS Chapter 8.3)
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
E100 Specification for ASTM Hydrometers
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and the API Committee on Petroleum Measurement, and is
the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.02.09 D02.02 /COMQ, the joint ASTM-API Committee on Density Determination (API MPMS Chapter 9.0). Hydrocarbon
Measurement for Custody Transfer (Joint ASTM-API).
Current edition approved May 15,June 1, 2012. Published October 2012. Originally approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D6822-12a. DOI:
10.1520/D6822-12AB.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.