ASTM D3773/D3773M-10(2014)

Standard Test Methods for Length of Woven Fabric

ABSTRACT
These test methods cover four options for measuring fabric length and are applicable to full rolls or bolts of materials. There are four approved options of measuring length as follows: option A - hand, option B - drum, option C - clock, and option D - folding. The length is measured from one end of the fabric to the other, using a suitable graduated device, or apparatus as described in the option used. The significance, use, and apparatus of the four options are presented in details.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover four options for measuring fabric length and are applicable to full rolls or bolts of materials.  
1.2 There are four approved options of measuring length as follows:  
1.2.1 Option A—Hand (Section 6).  
1.2.2 Option B—Drum (Section 7).  
1.2.3 Option C—Clock (Section 8).  
1.2.4 Option D—Folding (Section 9).  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or in U.S. customary units shall be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other, without combining values in any way.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2014
• ICS: 59.080.30 - Textile fabrics
• Technical Committee: D13 - Textiles
• Drafting Committee: D13.60 - Fabric Physical Test Methods B

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D3773/D3773M-10 - Standard Test Methods for Length of Woven Fabric
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2014
• Replaced By: ASTM D3773/D3773M-10(2019) - Standard Test Methods for Length of Woven Fabric
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2019
• Referred By: ASTM D4029/D4029M-23 - Standard Specification for Finished Woven Glass Fabrics
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2014
• Referred By: ASTM D4850-23 - Standard Terminology Relating to Fabrics and Fabric Test Methods
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2014
• Referred By: ASTM D3656/D3656M-13(2021) - Standard Specification for Insect Screening and Louver Cloth Woven from<brk/>Vinyl-Coated Glass Yarns
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2014
• Referred By: ASTM D4028/D4028M-13(2021) - Standard Specification for Solar Screening Woven from Vinyl-Coated Fiber Glass Yarn
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2014
• Referred By: ASTM D4389/D4389M-23 - Standard Specification for Finished Glass Fabrics Woven From Rovings
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2014

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D3773/D3773M − 10 (Reapproved 2014)
Standard Test Methods for
Length of Woven Fabric
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3773/D3773M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
3.1 For all terminology relating to D13.60, Fabric Test
1.1 These test methods cover four options for measuring
Methods, Specific, refer to Terminology D4850.
fabric length and are applicable to full rolls or bolts of
3.1.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard:
materials.
length, stable fabric, woven fabric
1.2 There are four approved options of measuring length as
3.2 For definitions of other textile terms used in this test
follows:
method, refer to Terminology D123.
1.2.1 Option A—Hand (Section 6).
1.2.2 Option B—Drum (Section 7).
4. Summary of Test Methods
1.2.3 Option C—Clock (Section 8).
4.1 The length is measured from one end of the fabric to the
1.2.4 Option D—Folding (Section 9).
other, using a suitable graduated device, or apparatus as
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or in U.S. customary
described in the option used.
unitsshallberegardedseparatelyasstandard.Thevaluesstated
in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
5. Conditioning
system must be used independently of the other, without
5.1 Condition the specimens as directed in Practice D1776.
combining values in any way.
5.2 When full rolls or bolts of fabric cannot be properly
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
conditioned in a reasonable time with available facilities,
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
perform the tests without conditioning and report the actual
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
conditions prevailing at the time of the test. Such results may
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
not correspond with the results obtained after testing in the
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
standard atmosphere for testing textiles.
2. Referenced Documents
6. Option A—Hand
2.1 ASTM Standards:
6.1 Significance and Use—The hand method specifies that
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
the length of a fabric be measured in a relaxed tension-free
D1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
manner. This test method is the referee method to which all
D4850 Terminology Relating to Fabrics and Fabric Test
other test methods shall be compared for the establishment of
Methods
their accuracy. This test method can be used for acceptance
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
testing, although it is not used as a general practice because it
ASTM Test Methods
is too time consuming.
6.1.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences in
reported test values when using Test Methods D3773 for
1 acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on
Textiles and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.60 on Fabric Test
supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there
Methods, Specific.
is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent
Current edition approved July 1, 2014. Published August 2014. Originally
statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of
approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D3773 – 10. Replaces
bias.As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test
Sections 6 to 12 of Methods D1910 – 64 (1975), Test for Construction Character-
istics of Woven Fabrics. DOI: 10.1520/D3773_D3773M–10R14.
specimens which are as homogeneous as possible and which
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
are from a lot of material of the type in question. The test
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D3773/D3773M − 10 (2014)
laboratories should be compared using Student’s t-test for 7.4.2 Read the length from the dial or counter geared to the
unpaired data and an acceptable probability level chosen by the drum. This reading represents the length measured under the
two parties before testing is begun. If a bias is found, either its tension existing while the fabric is running.
cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and the 7.4.3 Calculate the average length for the lot.
supplier must agree to interpret future test results in the light of
the known bias. 8. Option C—Clock
8.1 Significance and Use—The clock option may be used
6.2 Apparatus:
for measuring the length of a fabric for the purpose of
6.2.1 Flat Horizontal Surface, at least3m[3yd] long and
acceptance testing, provided the user’s laboratory verifies for
having a width equal to or greater than the widest fabric to be
the specific weave and construction of interest that results
measured.
obtained by this test method agree within 6 0.5 % of those
6.2.2 Length-Measuring Device, metal rule or steel tape, 1
obtained by the hand method. Use the device on any machine
m [1 yd] minimum length graduated in 1 mm [ ⁄16 in.] units,
equipped to handle continuous lengths of fabric. In cases of
and
dispute, the hand option shall be used.
6.2.3 Pins, suitable for use as markers.
8.2 Apparatus:
6.3 Sampling—Take a lot sample as directed in the material
8.2.1 Measuring Device , consisting of a pair of identical
specification or as agreed upon by the purchaser and seller. In
wheels, mounted 75 to 100 mm [3 to 4 in.] apart on a
the absence of such specification or agreement, all rolls or
free-running common axle connected to a counting mechanism
pieces shall be measured. Consider rolls or bolts of fabric as
graduated to read in metres or decimetres [yards and eighths of
the primary sampling units. The lot sample also serves as the
a yard]. The surfaces of the wheels are approximately 10 mm
laboratory sample and as the test specimens.
[ ⁄2 in.] wide and should be covered with cork or other suitable
6.4 Procedure:
friction material ground to a known circumference. Synchro-
6.4.1 Lay the fabric on a smooth horizontal surface. Fabric
nize the counting mechanism to this circumference so that it
mustlayflat,withouttension,andfreefromwrinklesandfolds.
will read in metres [yards].
6.4.2 Using a minimum number of increments, measure
8.2.2 Standard Roll, the length of which has been deter-
successive lengths of fabric parallel to the selvage to the
mined by the hand option.
nearest 1 mm [ ⁄16 in.], marking each length with pins.
8.3 Sampling—Sample as directed in 6.3.
6.4.3 Add the measurements to determine the length of the
8.4 Procedure:
fabric.
8.4.1 Mount the measuring device in such a way that the
movement of the fabric through the machine will turn the
7. Option B—Drum
wheels.
7.1 Significance and Use—Thedrumoptionmaybeusedfor
8.4.2 Run the fabric through the measuring device. Read the
measuring the length of a fabric for the purpose of acceptance
length of fabric directly from the counter. This reading repre-
testing, provided the user’s laboratory verifies for the specific
sents the length measured under the tension existing while the
weave and construction of interest that results obtained by this
fabric is running.
test method agree within 6 0.5 % of those obtained by the
8.4.3 Calculate the average length for the lot.
hand option. In cases of dispute the hand option shall be used.
7.2 Apparatus:
9. Option D—Folding
7.2.1 Motor-Driven Measuring Drum , equipped with a dial
9.1 Significance and Use—The machine folding option is
or counter geared to the drum. The measuring drum is usually
generally applicable for measuring the length of soft uncoated
2 2
covered with fabric or cork. Synchronize the counting mecha-
fabrics weig
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3773/D3773M − 10 D3773/D3773M − 10 (Reapproved 2014)
Standard Test Methods for
Length of Woven Fabric
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3773/D3773M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods cover four options for measuring fabric length and are applicable to full rolls or bolts of materials.
1.2 There are four approved options of measuring length as follows:
1.2.1 Option A—Hand (Section 6).
1.2.2 Option B—Drum (Section 7).
1.2.3 Option C—Clock (Section 8).
1.2.4 Option D—Folding (Section 9).
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or in U.S. customary units shall be regarded separately as standard. The values stated
in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other, without combining
values in any way.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
D1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
D4850 Terminology Relating to Fabrics and Fabric Test Methods
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
3. Terminology
3.1 For all terminology relating to D13.60, Fabric Test Methods, Specific, refer to Terminology D4850.
3.1.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard: length, stable fabric, woven fabric
3.2 For definitions of other textile terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology D123.
4. Summary of Test Methods
4.1 The length is measured from one end of the fabric to the other, using a suitable graduated device, or apparatus as described
in the option used.
5. Conditioning
5.1 Condition the specimens as directed in Practice D1776.
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.60 on Fabric Test Methods,
Specific.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2010July 1, 2014. Published February 2010August 2014. Originally approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 20072010 as
D3773 – 07.D3773 – 10. Replaces Sections 6 to 12 of Methods D1910 – 64 (1975), Test for Construction Characteristics of Woven Fabrics. DOI: 10.1520/D3773_
D3773M–10.10.1520/D3773_D3773M–10R14.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D3773/D3773M − 10 (2014)
5.2 When full rolls or bolts of fabric cannot be properly conditioned in a reasonable time with available facilities, perform the
tests without conditioning and report the actual conditions prevailing at the time of the test. Such results may not correspond with
the results obtained after testing in the standard atmosphere for testing textiles.
6. Option A—Hand
6.1 Significance and Use—The hand method specifies that the length of a fabric be measured in a relaxed tension-free manner.
This test method is the referee method to which all other test methods shall be compared for the establishment of their accuracy.
This test method can be used for acceptance testing, although it is not used as a general practice because it is too time consuming.
6.1.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences in reported test values when using Test Methods D3773 for acceptance testing
of commercial shipments, the purchaser and supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias
between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, the two
parties should take a group of test specimens which are as homogeneous as possible and which are from a lot of material of the
type in question. The test specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average
results from the two laboratories should be compared using Student’s t-test for unpaired data and an acceptable probability level
chosen by the two parties before testing is begun. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser
and the supplier must agree to interpret future test results in the light of the known bias.
6.2 Apparatus:
6.2.1 Flat Horizontal Surface, at least 3 m [3 yd] long and having a width equal to or greater than the widest fabric to be
measured.
6.2.2 Length-Measuring Device, metal rule or steel tape, 1 m [1 yd] minimum length graduated in 1 mm 1 mm [ ⁄16 in.] units,
and
6.2.3 Pins, suitable for use as markers.
6.3 Sampling—Take a lot sample as directed in the material specification or as agreed upon by the purchaser and seller. In the
absence of such specification or agreement, all rolls or pieces shall be measured. Consider rolls or bolts of fabric as the primary
sampling units. The lot sample also serves as the laboratory sample and as the test specimens.
6.4 Procedure:
6.4.1 Lay the fabric on a smooth horizontal surface. Fabric must lay flat, without tension, and free from wrinkles and folds.
6.4.2 Using a minimum number of increments, measure successive lengths of fabric parallel to the selvage to the nearest 1 mm
[ ⁄16 in.], marking each length with pins.
6.4.3 Add the measurements to determine the length of the fabric.
7. Option B—Drum
7.1 Significance and Use—The drum option may be used for measuring the length of a fabric for the purpose of acceptance
testing, provided the user’s laboratory verifies for the specific weave and construction of interest that results obtained by this test
method agree within 6 0.5 % of those obtained by the hand option. In cases of dispute the hand option shall be used.
7.2 Apparatus:
7.2.1 Motor-Driven Measuring Drum , equipped with a dial or counter geared to the drum. The measuring drum is usually
covered with fabric or cork. Synchronize the counting mechanism with the drum to read in metres [or yards].
7.2.2 Standard Roll, the length of which has been determined by the hand method.
7.3 Sampling—Sample as directed in 6.3.
7.4 Procedure:
7.4.1 Run the fabric over the measuring drum, face side up, with sufficient tension to keep the fabric running flat and true to
prevent any slippage. Eliminate any observed slippage by adjusting one or two free running guide rollers to increase the arc of
contact between the fabric and the drum when necessary. The rollers should not touch the fabric in contact with the drum.
7.4.2 Read the length from the dial or counter geared to the drum. This reading represents the length measured under the tension
existing while the fabric is running.
7.4.3 Calculate the average length for the lot.
8. Option C—Clock
8.1 Significance and Use—The clock option may be used for measuring the length of a fabric for the purpose of acceptance
testing, provided the user’s laboratory verifies for the specific weave and construction of interest that results obtained by this test
method agree within 6 0.5 % of those obtained by the hand method. Use the device on any machine equipped to handle continuous
lengths of fabric. In cases of dispute, the hand option shall be used.
Apparatus is commercially available.
D3773/D3773M − 10 (2014)
8.2 Apparatus:
8.2.1 Measuring Device , consisting of a pair of identical wheels, mounted 75 to 100 mm [3 to 4 in.] apart on a free-running
common axle connected to a counting mechanism graduated to read in metres or decimetres [yards and eighths of a yard]. The
surfaces of the wheels are approximately 10 mm [ ⁄2 in.] wide and should be covered with cork or
...