ASTM D714-02

Standard Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering of Paints

SCOPE
1.1 This test method employs photographic reference standards to evaluate the degree of blistering that may develop when paint systems are subjected to conditions which will cause blistering. While primarily intended for use on metal and other nonporous surfaces, this test method may be used to evaluate blisters on porous surfaces, such as wood, if the size of blisters falls within the scope of these reference standards. When the reference standards are used as a specification of performance, the permissible degree of blistering of the paint system shall be agreed upon by the purchaser and the seller.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Dec-2002
• ICS: 87.040 - Paints and varnishes
• Technical Committee: D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
• Drafting Committee: D01.25 - Evaluation of Weathering Effects

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D714-87(2000) - Standard Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering of Paints
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002
• Replaced By: ASTM D714-02e1 - Standard Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering of Paints
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D1006/D1006M-21 - Standard Practice for Conducting Exterior Exposure Tests of Hand and Factory Applied Paints on Wood and Wood Composite Materials
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D3912-10(2023) - Standard Test Method for Chemical Resistance of Coatings and Linings for Use in Nuclear Power Plants
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D5894-21 - Standard Practice for Cyclic Salt Fog/UV Exposure of Painted Metal, (Alternating Exposures in a Fog/Dry Cabinet and a UV/Condensation Cabinet)
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D6943-15(2019) - Standard Practice for Immersion Testing of Industrial Protective Coatings and Linings
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D4585/D4585M-18 - Standard Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings Using Controlled Condensation
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D3451-06(2017) - Standard Guide for Testing Coating Powders and Powder Coatings
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D4587-23 - Standard Practice for Fluorescent UV-Condensation Exposures of Paint and Related Coatings
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D7856-21 - Standard Specification for Color and Appearance Retention of Solid and Variegated Color Plastic Siding Products using CIELab Color Space
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002
• Referred By: ASTM F2408-16(2023) - Standard Specification for Ornamental Fences Employing Galvanized Steel Tubular Pickets
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D7088-17(2023) - Standard Practice for Resistance to Hydrostatic Pressure for Coatings Used in Below Grade Applications Applied to Masonry
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D4619-12(2018) - Standard Practice for Inspection of Linings in Operating Flue Gas Desulfurization Systems
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D3361/D3361M-22 - Standard Practice for Unfiltered Open-Flame Carbon-Arc Exposures of Paint and Related Coatings
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D5367-16(2021) - Standard Practice for Evaluating Coatings Applied Over Surfaces Treated With Inhibitors Used to Prevent Flash Rusting of Steel When Water or Water/Abrasive Blasted
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2002

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D714–02
Standard Test Method for
1
Evaluating Degree of Blistering of Paints
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 714; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 3.3 Frequency—Reference standards have been selected for
four steps in frequency at each step in size, designated as
1.1 This test method employs photographic reference stan-
follows:
dards to evaluate the degree of blistering that may develop
Dense, D,
when paint systems are subjected to conditions which will
Medium dense, MD,
cause blistering.While primarily intended for use on metal and
Medium, M, and
other nonporous surfaces, this test method may be used to
Few, F.
evaluate blisters on porous surfaces, such as wood, if the size
NOTE 1—A quantitative physical description of blistering would in-
of blisters falls within the scope of these reference standards.
clude the following characteristics determined by actual count:
When the reference standards are used as a specification of
Size distribution in terms of mensuration units,
performance, the permissible degree of blistering of the paint Frequency of occurrence per unit area,
Pattern of distribution over the surface, and
system shall be agreed upon by the purchaser and the seller.
Shape of blister
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
For the usual tests, an actual count is more elaborate than is necessary.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4. Procedure
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.1 Subject the paint film to the test conditions agreed upon
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
by the purchaser and the seller.Then evaluate the paint film for
the degree of blistering by comparison with the photographic
2. Significance and Use
reference standards in Figs. 1-4.
2.1 A phenomenon peculiar to painted surfaces is the
formation of blisters relative to some system weakness. This
5. Report
test method provides a standard procedure of describing the
5.1 Report blistering as a number (Note 2) designating the
size and density of the blisters so that comparisons of severity
size of the blisters and a qualitative term or symbol indicating
can be made.
the frequency.
5.2 Intermediate steps in size or frequency of blisters may
3. Reference Standards
be judged by interpolation.
2
3.1 The photographic reference standards are glossy prints.
5.3 When the distribution of blisters over the area has a
Figs. 1-4 are reproductions of these standards and are included
nonuniform pattern, use an additional phrase to describe the
to illustrate two characteristics of blistering: size and fre-
distribution, such as “small clusters,” or “large patches.”
quency.
NOTE 2—The number refers to the largest size blister that is numerous
3.2 Size—Reference standards have been select
...