ASTM E2317-04(2012)
(Guide)Standard Guide for Conducting Renewal Microplate-Based Life-Cycle Toxicity Tests with a Marine Meiobenthic Copepod (Withdrawn 2021)
Standard Guide for Conducting Renewal Microplate-Based Life-Cycle Toxicity Tests with a Marine Meiobenthic Copepod (Withdrawn 2021)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Protection of a species requires prevention of unacceptable effects on the number, health, and uses of individuals of that species. A life-cycle toxicity test is conducted to determine changes in the numbers of individuals and offspring of a test species resulting from effects of the test material on survival, growth, gender ratios, endocrine function, genetic expression, fertility and reproduction (1-3).3 Information might also be obtained on effects of the material on the health (4) and uses of the species.
5.2 Published information about the sensitivities of several meiobenthic copepods to several common metals and organic toxicants have been reviewed (5). For most compounds tested/published to date, A. tenuiremis is acutely less sensitive than mysid and penaeid shrimp, similarly sensitive as amphipods, and often more sensitive than cladocerans (daphniids, specifically). Reference 96-h aqueous toxicity tests with cadmium at 30 g/kg salinity showed an LC50 for A. tenuiremis adults of 213 to 234 μg/L (Chandler, unpub.). Reference toxicant tests with sodium dodecyl sulfate showed a 96-h LC50 of 13.3 to 15.5 mg/L (Chandler,unpubl.). A. tenuiremis is a comparatively new toxicity test organism, and an extensive database of species sensitivity to multiple aqueous test compounds is not yet available. Relative to other harpacticoid copepod studies in the literature, A. tenuiremis is more chronically sensitive than all other species published to date where there is comparative data (5).
5.3 Results of life-cycle tests with A. tenuiremis can be used to predict long-term effects at the individual and population levels likely to occur on copepods in field situations as a result of exposure under comparable conditions (1,2).
5.4 Results of life-cycle tests with A. tenuiremis might be used to compare the chronic sensitivities of different species and the chronic toxicities of different materials, and also study the effects of various environmental factors such a...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide describes procedures for obtaining laboratory data concerning the adverse effects of a test material added to seawater, but not to food, on the marine copepod Amphiascus tenuiremis , during continuous exposures of individuals, from immediately after birth, until after the beginning of reproduction using a 200 μL renewal microplate-culturing technique. The following data are checked and recorded during the test period: stage-specific survival, number of days it takes for development from a first stage nauplius to a reproductively mature copepod, gender ratios, number of days for a female to extrude first and subsequent broods, number of days between first (and subsequent) brood extrusion(s) and hatching of first-generation nauplii, number of hatched and surviving nauplii, number of unhatched or necrotic eggs and aborted unhatching eggsacs, and the total number of females able to produce viable offspring over the entire mating period. This microplate-based full life-cycle toxicity test has a duration of approximately 17 days for toxicants that do not delay development. These procedures probably will be useful for conducting life-cycle toxicity tests with other species of copepods, although modifications might be necessary.
1.2 These procedures are applicable to most chemicals, either individually, or in formulations, commercial products, or known mixtures, that can be measured accurately at the necessary concentration in water. With appropriate modifications these procedures can be used to conduct tests on temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH and on such materials as aqueous effluents (see also Guide E1192), sediment pore waters, and surface waters. Renewal microplate tests might not be applicable to materials that have a high oxygen demand, are highly volatile, are rapidly transformed (biologically or chemically) in aqueous solutions, or are removed from test solutions in substantial quantities by the ...
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E2317 − 04 (Reapproved 2012)
Standard Guide for
Conducting Renewal Microplate-Based Life-Cycle Toxicity
1
Tests with a Marine Meiobenthic Copepod
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2317; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope below 50 % of saturation, or the concentration of test material
in the test solution decreases by more than 20 % between
1.1 Thisguidedescribesproceduresforobtaininglaboratory
renewals, it might be desirable to renew the solutions more
data concerning the adverse effects of a test material added to
often.
seawater, but not to food, on the marine copepod Amphiascus
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
tenuiremis, during continuous exposures of individuals, from
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
immediately after birth, until after the beginning of reproduc-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
tion using a 200 µL renewal microplate-culturing technique.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
The following data are checked and recorded during the test
bility of regulatory requirements prior to use.
period: stage-specific survival, number of days it takes for
development from a first stage nauplius to a reproductively
2. Referenced Documents
mature copepod, gender ratios, number of days for a female to
2
extrude first and subsequent broods, number of days between
2.1 ASTM Standards:
first (and subsequent) brood extrusion(s) and hatching of
E380 Practice for Use of the International System of Units
first-generation nauplii, number of hatched and surviving
(SI) (the Modernized Metric System)
nauplii, number of unhatched or necrotic eggs and aborted
E729 Guide for Conducting Acute Toxicity Tests on Test
unhatching eggsacs, and the total number of females able to
Materials with Fishes, Macroinvertebrates, and Amphib-
produce viable offspring over the entire mating period. This
ians
microplate-based full life-cycle toxicity test has a duration of
E943 Terminology Relating to Biological Effects and Envi-
approximately 17 days for toxicants that do not delay devel-
ronmental Fate
opment.These procedures probably will be useful for conduct-
E1023 Guide for Assessing the Hazard of a Material to
ing life-cycle toxicity tests with other species of copepods,
Aquatic Organisms and Their Uses
although modifications might be necessary.
E1191 Guide for Conducting Life-Cycle Toxicity Tests with
Saltwater Mysids
1.2 These procedures are applicable to most chemicals,
E1192 Guide for ConductingAcute Toxicity Tests onAque-
either individually, or in formulations, commercial products, or
ous Ambient Samples and Effluents with Fishes,
known mixtures, that can be measured accurately at the
Macroinvertebrates, and Amphibians
necessary concentration in water. With appropriate modifica-
E1218 Guide for Conducting Static Toxicity Tests with
tions these procedures can be used to conduct tests on
Microalgae
temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH and on such materials
E1847 Practice for Statistical Analysis of Toxicity Tests
as aqueous effluents (see also Guide E1192), sediment pore
Conducted Under ASTM Guidelines
waters, and surface waters. Renewal microplate tests might not
be applicable to materials that have a high oxygen demand, are
3. Terminology
highly volatile, are rapidly transformed (biologically or chemi-
cally) in aqueous solutions, or are removed from test solutions 3.1 Thewords“must,”“should,”“may,”“can,”and“might”
in substantial quantities by the test chambers or organisms have very specific meanings in this guide.
during the test. If the concentration of dissolved oxygen falls 3.1.1 “Must” is used to express an absolute requirement,
that is, to state that the test ought to be designed to satisfy the
specified condition, unless the purpose of the test requires a
1
ThisguideisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE50onEnvironmental
Assessment, Risk Management and CorrectiveAction and is the direct responsibil-
2
ity of Subcommittee E50.47 on Biological Effects and Environmental Fate. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2012. Published January 2013. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as E2317– 04. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/E2317-04R12. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Consh
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.