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ASTM C172-07a

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Sampling Freshly Mixed Concrete

Standard Practice for Sampling Freshly Mixed Concrete

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice is intended to provide standard requirements and procedures for sampling freshly mixed concrete from different containers used in the production or transportation of concrete. The detailed requirements as to materials, mixtures, air content, temperature, number of specimens, slump, interpretation of results, and precision and bias are in specific test methods.SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for obtaining representative samples of fresh concrete as delivered to the project site on which tests are to be performed to determine compliance with quality requirements of the specifications under which the concrete is furnished (Note 1). The practice includes sampling from stationary, paving and truck mixers, and from agitating and nonagitating equipment used to transport central-mixed concrete.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values shown in parentheses are provided for information only.  
Note 1—Composite samples are required by this practice, unless specifically excepted by procedures governing the tests to be performed such as tests to determine uniformity of consistency and mixer efficiency. Procedures used to select the specific test batches are not described in this practice, but it is recommended that random sampling be used to determine overall specification compliance.
1.3 This practice also covers the procedures to be used for preparing a sample of concrete for further testing where it is desirable or necessary to remove the aggregate larger than a designated size. This removal of larger aggregate particles is preferably accomplished by wet-sieving.
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material and shall not be considered as requirements of the practice.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure. )

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
14-Dec-2007
ICS
91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products
Technical Committee
C09 - Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
Drafting Committee
C09.60 - Testing Fresh Concrete
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM C172-07 - Standard Practice for Sampling Freshly Mixed Concrete
Effective Date
15-Dec-2007
Replaced By
ASTM C172-08 - Standard Practice for Sampling Freshly Mixed Concrete
Effective Date
01-Jun-2008
Referred By
ASTM C1758/C1758M-15 - Standard Practice for Fabricating Test Specimens with Self-Consolidating Concrete
Effective Date
15-Dec-2007
Referred By
ASTM D5971/D5971M-16 - Standard Practice for Sampling Freshly Mixed Controlled Low-Strength Material
Effective Date
15-Dec-2007
Referred By
ASTM D3665-12(2017) - Standard Practice for Random Sampling of Construction Materials
Effective Date
15-Dec-2007
Referred By
ASTM C173/C173M-16 - Standard Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Volumetric Method
Effective Date
15-Dec-2007
Referred By
ASTM C1176/C1176M-20 - Standard Practice for Making Roller-Compacted Concrete in Cylinder Molds Using a Vibrating Table
Effective Date
15-Dec-2007
Referred By
ASTM C1170/C1170M-20 - Standard Test Method for Determining Consistency and Density of Roller-Compacted Concrete Using a Vibrating Table
Effective Date
15-Dec-2007
Referred By
ASTM C567/C567M-19 - Standard Test Method for Determining Density of Structural Lightweight Concrete
Effective Date
15-Dec-2007
Referred By
ASTM C1399/C1399M-10(2015) - Standard Test Method for Obtaining Average Residual-Strength of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete
Effective Date
15-Dec-2007
Referred By
ASTM C1621/C1621M-17 - Standard Test Method for Passing Ability of Self-Consolidating Concrete by J-Ring
Effective Date
15-Dec-2007
Referred By
ASTM C157/C157M-17 - Standard Test Method for Length Change of Hardened Hydraulic-Cement Mortar and Concrete
Effective Date
15-Dec-2007

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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:C172–07a
Standard Practice for
1
Sampling Freshly Mixed Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 172; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
3
1.1 This practice covers procedures for obtaining represen- 2.1 ASTM Standards:
tative samples of fresh concrete as delivered to the project site E11 Specification for Wire Cloth and Sieves for Testing
on which tests are to be performed to determine compliance Purposes
with quality requirements of the specifications under which the
3. Significance and Use
concrete is furnished (Note 1). The practice includes sampling
3.1 This practice is intended to provide standard require-
from stationary, paving and truck mixers, and from agitating
and nonagitating equipment used to transport central-mixed ments and procedures for sampling freshly mixed concrete
from different containers used in the production or transporta-
concrete.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the tion of concrete. The detailed requirements as to materials,
mixtures, air content, temperature, number of specimens,
standard. The values shown in parentheses are provided for
information only. slump, interpretation of results, and precision and bias are in
specific test methods.
NOTE 1—Composite samples are required by this practice, unless
specifically excepted by procedures governing the tests to be performed
4. Sampling
such as tests to determine uniformity of consistency and mixer efficiency.
4.1 The elapsed time shall not exceed 15 min. between
Procedures used to select the specific test batches are not described in this
practice, but it is recommended that random sampling be used to obtaining the first and final portions of the composite sample.
determine overall specification compliance.
4.1.1 Transport the individual samples to the place where
fresh concrete tests are to be performed or where test speci-
1.3 This practice also covers the procedures to be used for
mens are to be molded. They shall be combined and remixed
preparing a sample of concrete for further testing where it is
with a shovel the minimum amount necessary to ensure
desirable or necessary to remove the aggregate larger than a
uniformity and compliance with the maximum time limits
designated size. This removal of larger aggregate particles is
specified in 4.1.2.
preferably accomplished by wet-sieving.
4.1.2 Start tests for slump, temperature, and air content
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes
within 5 min after obtaining the final portion of the composite
whichprovideexplanatorymaterialandshallnotbeconsidered
sample. Complete these tests expeditiously. Start molding
as requirements of the practice.
specimens for strength tests within 15 min after fabricating the
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
composite sample. Expeditiously obtain and use the sample
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
andprotectthesamplefromthesun,wind,andothersourcesof
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
rapid evaporation, and from contamination.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh
hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause
2
chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure. )
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete
andConcreteAggregatesandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeC09.60on
Testing Fresh Concrete.
3
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2007. Published January 2008. Originally For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
approved in 1942. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as C 172 – 07. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
2
Section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing, Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C172–07a
5. Procedure into one composite sample for test purposes. In any case do not
obtain samples until after all of the water has been added to the
5.1 Size of Sample—Make the samples to be used f
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:C172–07a
Standard Practice for
1
Sampling Freshly Mixed Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 172; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This practice covers procedures for obtaining representative samples of fresh concrete as delivered to the project site on
which tests are to be performed to determine compliance with quality requirements of the specifications under which the concrete
isfurnished(Note1).Thepracticeincludessamplingfromstationary,pavingandtruckmixers,andfromagitatingandnonagitating
equipment used to transport central-mixed concrete.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values shown in parentheses are provided for
information only.
NOTE 1—Composite samples are required by this practice, unless specifically excepted by procedures governing the tests to be performed such as tests
to determine uniformity of consistency and mixer efficiency. Procedures used to select the specific test batches are not described in this practice, but it
is recommended that random sampling be used to determine overall specification compliance.
1.3 Thispracticealsocoverstheprocedurestobeusedforpreparingasampleofconcreteforfurthertestingwhereitisdesirable
or necessary to remove the aggregate larger than a designated size. This removal of larger aggregate particles is preferably
accomplished by wet-sieving.
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material and shall not be considered as
requirements of the practice.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and
2
tissue upon prolonged exposure. )
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E 11 Specification for Wire Cloth and Sieves for Testing Purposes
3. Significance and Use
3.1 This practice is intended to provide standard requirements and procedures for sampling freshly mixed concrete from
different containers used in the production or transportation of concrete. The detailed requirements as to materials, mixtures, air
content, temperature, number of specimens, slump, interpretation of results, and precision and bias are in specific test methods.
4. Sampling
4.1 The elapsed time shall not exceed 15 min. between obtaining the first and final portions of the composite sample.
4.1.1 Transport the individual samples to the place where fresh concrete tests are to be performed or where test specimens are
to be molded. They shall be combined and remixed with a shovel the minimum amount necessary to ensure uniformity and
compliance with the maximum time limits specified in 4.1.2.
4.1.2 Start tests for slump, temperature, and air content within 5 min after obtaining the final portion of the composite sample.
Complete these tests expeditiously. Start molding specimens for strength tests within 15 min after fabricating the composite
sample.Expeditiouslyobtainandusethesampleandprotectthesamplefromthesun,wind,andothersourcesofrapidevaporation,
and from contamination.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and ConcreteAggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.60 onTesting
Fresh Concrete.
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2007. Published January 2008. Originally approved in 1942. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as C 172 – 07.
2
Section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02.
3
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

----------------------
...

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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
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5.1 Tests performed at the same location across a span of years may be used to detect a reduction of infiltration rate of the pervious concrete, thereby identifying the need for remediation.  
5.2 The infiltration rate obtained by this method is valid only for the localized area of the pavement where the test is conducted. To determine the infiltration rate of the entire pervious pavement multiple locations must be tested and the results averaged.  
5.3 The field infiltration rate is typically established by the design engineer of record and is a function of the design precipitation event.  
5.4 This test method does not measure the influence on in-place infiltration rate due to sealing of voids near the bottom of the pervious concrete slab. Visual inspection of concrete cores is the best approach for determining sealing of voids near the bottom of the pervious concrete slab.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the field water infiltration rate of in place pervious concrete.
Note 1: For permeable unit pavement systems, Test Method C1781/C1781M should be used. Test Method C1781/C1781M is functionally identical to this test method but includes added provisions for positioning and securing the test ring to a discontinuous surface. Both tests methods give comparable results  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes that provide explanatory material. These notes shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM C173/C173M-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Volumetric Method

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method covers the determination of the air content of freshly mixed concrete. It measures the air contained in the mortar fraction of the concrete, but is not affected by air that may be present inside porous aggregate particles.  
4.1.1 Therefore, this is the appropriate test to determine the air content of concretes containing lightweight aggregates, air-cooled slag, and highly porous or vesicular natural aggregates.  
4.2 This test method requires the addition of sufficient isopropyl alcohol, when the meter is initially being filled with water, so that after the first or subsequent rollings little or no foam collects in the neck of the top section of the meter. If more foam is present than that equivalent to 2 % air above the water level, the test is declared invalid and must be repeated using a larger quantity of alcohol. Addition of alcohol to dispel foam any time after the initial filling of the meter to the zero mark is not permitted.  
4.3 The air content of hardened concrete may be either higher or lower than that determined by this test method. This depends upon the methods and amounts of consolidation effort applied to the concrete from which the hardened concrete specimen is taken; uniformity and stability of the air bubbles in the fresh and hardened concrete; accuracy of the microscopic examination, if used; time of comparison; environmental exposure; stage in the delivery, placement and consolidation processes at which the air content of the unhardened concrete is determined, that is, before or after the concrete goes through a pump; and other factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the air content of freshly mixed concrete containing any type of aggregate, whether it be dense, cellular, or lightweight.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory information. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM C138/C138M-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Density (Unit Weight), Yield, and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete

ABSTRACT
This test method covers determination of the density of freshly mixed concrete and gives formulas for calculating the unit weight, yield or relative yield, cement content, and air content of the concrete. Yield is defined as the volume of concrete produced from a mixture of known quantities of the component materials. The test method shall use the following apparatuses: balance or scale; tamping rod, which is a round straight steel rod having the tamping end rounded to a hemispherical tip; internal vibrator which may have rigid of flexible shafts, preferably powered by electric motors; measure, which is a cylindrical container made of steel or other suitable metal specified herein; strike-off plate; mallet; and scoop of a size large enough so each amount of concrete obtained from the sampling receptacle is representative and small enough so it is not spilled during placement in the measure.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the density (see Note 1) of freshly mixed concrete and gives formulas for calculating the yield, cement content, and air content of the concrete. Yield is defined as the volume of concrete produced from a mixture of known quantities of the component materials.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
Note 1: Unit weight was the previous terminology used to describe the property determined by this test method, which is mass per unit volume.  
1.3 The text of this test method refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.(Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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