ASTM C975-87(2020)

• Abstract:

  SIGNIFICANCE AND USE; 2.1 This practice defines a procedure that ensures consistent preparation of specimens for product testing and evaluation. ; 2.2 This practice can be used in the laboratories of producers, users, and general-interest parties for research and development or quality-control work. It is particularly useful for interlaboratory comparisons of products, for repetitive evaluations or comparisons of products or product quality, and in specifying a uniform preparation practice for specimens for acceptance testing. ; 2.3 In using this practice it must be recognized that the structure of laboratory-pressed specimens may differ significantly from the structure of material rammed in field applications.; SCOPE; 1.1 This practice covers a procedure for preparing test specimens from basic refractory ramming products by pressing prepared material in a mold. Specimens prepared in accordance with this procedure are intended for use in ASTM test methods. ; 1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. ; 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. ; 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2020
• ICS: 81.080 - Refractories
• Technical Committee: C08 - Refractories
• Drafting Committee: C08.09 - Monolithics

Overview

ASTM C975-87(2020) – Standard Practice for Preparing Test Specimens from Basic Refractory Ramming Products by Pressing provides a consistent method for preparing laboratory test specimens from basic refractory ramming materials. This standard practice supports quality control, research, and comparative product evaluations by ensuring specimen uniformity prior to testing, crucial for reliable and repeatable results. The procedure utilizes pressing techniques and specifies steps for material preparation, mixing, molding, and drying to facilitate standardized testing across laboratories.

Key Topics

• Specimen Preparation: Describes a systematic approach for preparing test specimens from basic refractory ramming products, ensuring consistency in laboratory results.
• Pressing Method: Utilizes mechanical or hydraulic presses and steel molds to shape test specimens, targeting uniform properties for testing.
• Controlled Parameters: Emphasizes control of mixing conditions (such as temperature and water addition), pressing pressure, and drying regimes to standardize specimen properties.
• Reporting Requirements: Details essential information to include in preparation reports, such as water content, drying times, and specimen dimensions.
• Limitations: Notes that laboratory-pressed specimens may differ structurally from material installed in field applications, highlighting the importance of context when interpreting test results.

Applications

ASTM C975-87(2020) is widely used by manufacturers, quality control laboratories, and research organizations involved with basic refractory ramming materials. Key applications include:

• Quality Control Testing: Ensures production consistency by providing a repeatable method for preparing specimens for standard ASTM tests.
• Product Evaluation: Facilitates interlaboratory comparisons of different refractory ramming products, supporting competitive analysis and product development.
• Supplier and Buyer Assurance: Establishes a uniform procedure for specimen preparation in acceptance testing, reducing variability in evaluation results for material procurement.
• Research and Development: Assists laboratories in developing and validating new refractory ramming products, providing a replicable baseline for specimen preparation.

Industries benefiting from this standard:

• Steel production
• Foundry operations
• Petrochemical plants
• Cement and lime production
  where refractory materials are subjected to high-temperature environments.

Related Standards

To maximize the accuracy and comparability of test results, ASTM C975-87(2020) is often used in conjunction with other ASTM standards, including:

• ASTM C210 - Standard Test Methods for Refractories
• ASTM C113 - Standard Test Method for Reheat Change of Refractories
• ASTM C134 - Standard Test Method for Size and Bulk Density of Refractory Brick and Shapes
• ASTM C860 - Standard Test Method for Determining the Consistency of Castable Refractory Mixes

These related standards outline testing procedures and evaluation criteria, while ASTM C975-87(2020) provides the foundational specimen preparation method, ensuring consistency throughout the testing process.

Practical Value

Adhering to ASTM C975-87(2020) allows organizations to:

• Achieve greater reliability and repeatability in laboratory testing of basic refractory ramming products.
• Streamline product comparisons and quality acceptance processes between suppliers and users.
• Enhance confidence in quality control data and support compliance with international standardization principles, including those recognized by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade Committee.

For sourcing or supplying refractory ramming materials, compliance with this standard is a mark of quality in laboratory practice and product evaluation.

Keywords: ASTM C975, refractory ramming, specimen preparation, pressing method, quality control, laboratory testing, standardization, basic refractories, test specimens

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C975 − 87 (Reapproved 2020)
Standard Practice for
Preparing Test Specimens from Basic Refractory Ramming
Products by Pressing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C975; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Apparatus
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for preparing test
3.1 Mixer, bench-type, Hobart or equivalent.
specimens from basic refractory ramming products by pressing
3.2 Press, mechanical or hydraulic.
preparedmaterialinamold.Specimenspreparedinaccordance
3.3 Steel Molds.
with this procedure are intended for use inASTM test methods.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3.4 Oven, air circulating.
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
3.5 Trowel.
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
and are not considered standard.
4. Procedure
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.1 Store the material to be tested at 85 6 2 °F (29.5 6
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1 °C) for 24 h prior to testing.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
4.2 Reduce the sample to the desired batch size with a
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
sample splitter or by quartering, taking precautions to prevent
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
segregation. Sufficient material should be batched to provide at
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
least a 10 % excess over test specimen requirements.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
4.3 Add the weighed, dry batch to the mixer and dry-mix at
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
low speed for 30 s. Continue to mix at low speed while adding
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
the required amount of water (see 4.3.1) within 30 s. Wet-mix
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
at low speed for 3 min.
4.3.1 Use the amount of water and mixing time (if different
2. Significance and Use
from above) recommended by the manufacturer. The water
2.1 This practice defines a procedure that ensures consistent
must be potable and at a temperature of 85 6 2 °F (29.5 6
preparation of specimens for product testing and evaluation.
1 °C). Measure the water addition to the nearest 0.1 % by
2.2 This practice can be used in the laboratories of
weight.
producers, users, and general-interest parties for research and
4.4 Specimens of the desired size should be pressed imme-
development or quality-c
...