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ASTM C1336-96(2014)

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Fabricating Non-Oxide Ceramic Reference Specimens Containing Seeded Inclusions (Withdrawn 2018)

Standard Practice for Fabricating Non-Oxide Ceramic Reference Specimens Containing Seeded Inclusions (Withdrawn 2018)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice describes a method of fabrication of known discontinuities in a ceramic specimen. Such specimens are needed and used in nondestructive examination to demonstrate sensitivity and resolution and to assist in establishing proper examination parameters.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for fabricating both green and sintered test samples of silicon carbide and silicon nitride containing inclusions. These samples can be used to determine the sensitivity and detection capability of a nondestructive examination (NDE) method.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This practice covered a procedure for fabricating both green and sintered test samples of silicon carbide and silicon nitride containing inclusions.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee C28 on Advanced Ceramics, this practice was withdrawn in October 2018. This standard is being withdrawn without replacement due to its limited use by industry.

General Information

Status
Withdrawn
Publication Date
31-Dec-2013
Withdrawal Date
01-Oct-2018
ICS
81.060.01 - Ceramics in general
Technical Committee
C28 - Advanced Ceramics
Drafting Committee
C28.03 - Physical Properties and Non-Destructive Evaluation
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Referred By
ASTM E1001-21 - Standard Practice for Detection and Evaluation of Discontinuities by the Immersed Pulse-Echo Ultrasonic Method Using Longitudinal Waves
Effective Date
01-Jan-2014

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ASTM C1336-96(2014) - Standard Practice for Fabricating Non-Oxide Ceramic Reference Specimens Containing Seeded Inclusions (Withdrawn 2018)ASTM C1336-96(2014) - Standard Practice for Fabricating Non-Oxide Ceramic Reference Specimens Containing Seeded Inclusions (Withdrawn 2018)
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ASTM C1336-96(2014) - Standard Practice for Fabricating Non-Oxide Ceramic Reference Specimens Containing Seeded Inclusions (Withdrawn 2018)
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C1336 − 96 (Reapproved 2014)
Standard Practice for
Fabricating Non-Oxide Ceramic Reference Specimens
1
Containing Seeded Inclusions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1336; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.4 sintered specimen—formed ceramic specimen after
firing to densify and remove solvents or binders.
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for fabricating both
green and sintered test samples of silicon carbide and silicon
4. Significance and Use
nitride containing inclusions. These samples can be used to
4.1 This practice describes a method of fabrication of
determine the sensitivity and detection capability of a nonde-
known discontinuities in a ceramic specimen. Such specimens
structive examination (NDE) method.
are needed and used in nondestructive examination to demon-
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
strate sensitivity and resolution and to assist in establishing
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
proper examination parameters.
standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5. Apparatus
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5.1 Aerosol Duster, moisture-free.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5.2 Die, capable of exerting pressure up to 120 MPa and
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
will not contaminate the compacted material.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5.3 Optical Magnifier, capable of providing 10 to 30×
2. Referenced Documents
magnification.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.4 Tubing, latex, thin-wall, for encapsulating compact dur-
B331Test Method for Compressibility of Metal Powders in
ing isopressing.
Uniaxial Compaction
5.5 Carver Press, or similar type of apparatus capable of
C373Test Method for Water Absorption, Bulk Density,
exerting the necessary pressure to consolidate the sample.
ApparentPorosity,andApparentSpecificGravityofFired
Whiteware Products
5.6 Cold Isostatic Press, capable of maintaining 500 MPa.
5.7 Oven or Furnace, which can maintain a temperature of
3. Terminology
500°C.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
5.8 Imaging Equipment, with the capability of producing a
3.1.1 green specimen—formed ceramic specimens as origi-
hard copy output of the image (that is, 35 mm camera, charge
nally compacted prior to high-temperature densification.
coupled device (CCD) camera outputted to a video printer, a
3.1.2 inclusion—a solid discontinuity in a specimen, with a
stereo microscope with 4 by 5 instamatic film, etc.).
composition not that of the specimen.
5.9 Sintering Furnaces,capableofreachingtemperaturesof
3.1.3 seeded inclusions—discontinuities intentionally
1400 to 2200°C. Depending on the ceramic system chosen, the
placed at prescribed locations in reference specimens.
furnace may be required to operate in a vacuum or under inert
gas atmospheres, or both, at pressures as high as 200 MPa.
1 5.10 Mettler Scale, or similar device capable of measuring
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C28 on Advanced
Ceramics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C28.03 on Physical within 0.01 mg. Measuring densities according toArchimedes
Properties and Non-Destructive Evaluation.
principle requires the use of a sample holder suspended in
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2014. Published January 2014. Originally
water attached to the scale.
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as C1336 – 96 (2008).
DOI: 10.1520/C1336-96R14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 6. Materials
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
6.1 Silicon Carbide or Silicon Nitride Powders, of appro-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. priate purity and particle size, prepared with sintering aids and
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1336 − 96 (2014)
binder representative of the product to be inspected and in a compact (nominally 120 MPa); otherwise press at 60 MPa and
mannerappropriatefordrypressingwithgranulesizelessthan repeat 7.1.2.2 – 7.1.2.5 through until the desired number of
−100 mesh.
inclusion layers are obtained.
7.1.2.7 After final pressing, remove the specimen from the
6.2 Inclusion Spheres, diameters as needed. Inclusion ma-
die and place into thin-wall latex tubing, evacuate
...

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Note 1: Elastic here means that an application of stress within the elastic limit of that material making up the body being stressed will cause an instantaneous and uniform deformation, which will cease upon removal of the stress, with the body returning instantly to its original size and shape without an energy loss. Glass and glass-ceramic materials conform to this definition well enough that this test is meaningful.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
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Section  
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Related
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13  
Dielectric Strength  
D618, D149  
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Elastic Properties  
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3.1 This test system has advantages in certain respects over the use of static loading systems in the measurement of glass and glass-ceramics:  
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a laboratory procedure for determining the resistance of a waterproofing membrane to hydrostatic pressure.  
1.2 The committee with jurisdiction over this standard is not aware of any comparable standards published by other organizations.  
1.3 There are no ISO standards similar or equivalent to this ASTM standard.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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