ASTM F1337-10(2015)
(Practice)Standard Practice for Human Systems Integration Program Requirements for Ships and Marine Systems, Equipment, and Facilities
Standard Practice for Human Systems Integration Program Requirements for Ships and Marine Systems, Equipment, and Facilities
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
6.1 Intended Use—Compliance with this practice provides the procuring organization with assurance that human users will be efficient, effective, and safe in the operation and maintenance of marine systems, equipment, and facilities. Specifically, it is intended to ensure the following:
6.1.1 System performance requirements are achieved reliably by appropriate use and accommodation of the human component of the system.
6.1.2 Usable design of equipment, software, and environment permits the human-equipment/software combination to meet system performance goals.
6.1.3 System features, processes, and procedures do not constitute hazards to humans.
6.1.4 Trade-offs between automated and manual operations results in effective human performance and appropriate cost control.
6.1.5 Manpower, personnel, and training requirements are met.
6.1.6 Selected HSI design standards are applied that are adequate and appropriate technically.
6.1.7 Systems and equipments are designed to facilitate required maintenance.
6.1.8 Procedures for operating and maintaining equipment are efficient, reliable, approved for maritime use, and safe.
6.1.9 Potential error-inducing equipment design features are eliminated, or at least, minimized, and systems are designed to be error-tolerant.
6.1.10 Layouts and arrangements of equipment afford efficient traffic patterns, communications, and use.
6.1.11 Habitability facilities and working spaces meet environmental control and physical environment requirements to provide the level of comfort and quality of life for the crew that is conducive to maintaining optimum personnel performance and endurance.
6.1.12 Hazards to human health are minimized.
6.1.13 Personnel survivability is maximized.
6.2 Scope and Nature of Work—HSI includes, but is not limited to, active participation throughout all phases in the life cycle of a marine system, including requirements definition, design, development, production, operations and...
SCOPE
1.1 Objectives—This practice establishes and defines the processes and associated requirements for incorporating Human Systems Integration (HSI) into all phases of government and commercial ship, offshore structure, and marine system and equipment (hereafter referred to as marine system) acquisition life cycle. HSI must be integrated fully with the engineering processes applied to the design, acquisition, and operations of marine systems. This application includes the following:
1.1.1 Ships and offshore structures.
1.1.2 Marine systems, machinery, and equipment developed to be deployed on a ship or offshore structure where their design, once integrated into the ship or offshore structure, will potentially impact human performance, safety and health hazards, survivability, morale, quality of life, and fitness for duty.
1.1.3 Integration of marine systems and equipment into ships and offshore structures including arrangements, facility layout, installations, communications, and data links.
1.1.4 Modernization and retrofitting ships and offshore structures.
1.2 Target Audience—The intended audience for this document consists of individuals with HSI training and experience representing the procuring activity, contractor or vendor personnel with HSI experience, and engineers and management personnel familiar with HSI methods, processes, and objectives. See 5.2.3 for guidance on qualifications of HSI specialists.
1.3 Contents—This document is divided into the following sections and subsections.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section
and
Subsection
Title
1
Scope
1.1
Objectives
1.2
Target Audience
1.3
Contents
2
Human Systems Integration
2.1
Definition of Human Systems Integration
2.2
HSI Integration Process
2.3
HSI Program Requirements
3
Referenced Documents
3.1
Introduction
3.2
ASTM Standards
3.3
Commercial Standards and Do...
General Information
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Designation: F1337 − 10 (Reapproved 2015) An American National Standard
Standard Practice for
Human Systems Integration Program Requirements for
Ships and Marine Systems, Equipment, and Facilities
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1337; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section
1.1 Objectives—This practice establishes and defines the
and Title
Subsection
processes and associated requirements for incorporating Hu-
1 Scope
man Systems Integration (HSI) into all phases of government
1.1 Objectives
and commercial ship, offshore structure, and marine system
1.2 Target Audience
and equipment (hereafter referred to as marine system) acqui-
1.3 Contents
2 Human Systems Integration
sition life cycle. HSI must be integrated fully with the
2.1 Definition of Human Systems Integration
engineering processes applied to the design, acquisition, and
2.2 HSI Integration Process
operations of marine systems. This application includes the
2.3 HSI Program Requirements
3 Referenced Documents
following:
3.1 Introduction
1.1.1 Ships and offshore structures.
3.2 ASTM Standards
3.3 Commercial Standards and Documents
1.1.2 Marine systems, machinery, and equipment developed
3.4 Government Standards and Documents
to be deployed on a ship or offshore structure where their
4 Terminology
design, once integrated into the ship or offshore structure, will 4.1.1 Arrangement Drawing
4.1.2 Contractor
potentially impact human performance, safety and health
4.1.3 Critical Activity
hazards, survivability, morale, quality of life, and fitness for
4.1.4 Cultural Expectation
4.1.5 Function
duty.
4.1.6 Human Systems Integration
1.1.3 Integration of marine systems and equipment into
4.1.7 High Drivers
ships and offshore structures including arrangements, facility
4.1.8 Human Error
4.1.9 Manning
layout, installations, communications, and data links.
4.1.10 Manpower
1.1.4 Modernization and retrofitting ships and offshore
4.1.11 Marine System
4.1.12 Mission
structures.
4.1.13 Offshore Structure or Facility
4.1.14 Operational Requirements
1.2 Target Audience—The intended audience for this docu-
4.1.15 Panel Layout Drawings
ment consists of individuals with HSI training and experience
4.1.16 Procuring Organization
representing the procuring activity, contractor or vendor per-
4.1.17 System
4.1.18 Task
sonnel with HSI experience, and engineers and management
4.1.19 User Interface
personnel familiar with HSI methods, processes, and objec-
4.1.20 Vendor
tives. See 5.2.3 for guidance on qualifications of HSI special-
5 Summary of Practice
5.1 HSI Design Objectives
ists.
5.2 Key Success Factors
5.3 HSI Plan
1.3 Contents—This document is divided into the following
5.4 HSI Integrated Product Team
sections and subsections.
5.6 Quality Assurance
5.7 Nonduplication
5.8 Cognizance and Coordination
6 Significance of Use
6.1 Intended Use
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Ships and
6.2 Scope and Nature of Work
Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.07 on
6.3 Government Formalized, Full Scale Acquisition
General Requirements.
6.4 Commercial Acquisition Process
Current edition approved May 1, 2015. Published June 2015. Originally
6.5 Non-Developmental Item Acquisition
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as F1337 – 10. DOI:
6.6 Modernization
10.1520/F1337-10R15.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F1337 − 10 (2015)
2.1.3 Training—Establishing and providing the training re-
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section
quirements for the personnel selected.
and Title
2.1.4 Human Factors Engineering—Designing and assess-
Subsection
7 HSI Activities ing user interfaces between humans and hardware, software,
7.1 Overview
firmware, Webware, courseware, information, procedures,
7.2 HSI Lessons Learned
policy and doctrine, documentation, design features,
7.3 Early Marine Systems Analyses
7.4 Front End Analysis technology, environments, organizations, and other humans.
7.5 HSI Risk Analysis
2.1.5 Safety and Occupational Health—Providing a safe
7.6 Manpower Analyses
7.7 Personnel Analyses and healthy working environment.
7.8 Training Analyses
2.1.6 Personal Survivability—Providing a platform that
7.9 Workload Analysis
7.10 HSI Input to Procurement Documents and Specifications maximizes crew survivability.
7.11 SOH Hazards Analyses
2.1.7 Habitability—Providingthecharacteristicsofsystems,
7.12 Personnel Survivability Analyses
7.13 Habitability Analysis facilities, personal services, and living and working conditions
7.14 Health Service Analysis
that result in high levels of crew morale, quality of life, safety,
7.15 Modeling and Simulation
health, and comfort.
7.16 User Interface (UI) Design
7.17 Usability Evaluations and UI Concept Exploration
2.1.8 Government-oriented definitions of the HSI domains
7.18 Valve Criticality Analysis
are provided in Table 1.
7.19 Link Analysis
7.20 Design Reviews
2.1.9 It is understood that not all HSI domains will be
7.21 Drawings and CAD Model Reviews
involved in every marine system design project. For example,
7.22 Inspections
7.23 Developmental Test and Evaluation
in the commercial maritime setting, design requirements af-
7.24 Operational Test and Evaluation
fecting several HSI domains (for example, manpower, person-
8 Documentation
nel selection, and training requirements) are set by entities
8.1 Data Requirements
8.2 Traceability
other than the procuring organization. This does not diminish
8.3 Access to Data
the fact that inattention to these HSI domains can lead to the
9 Keywords
Figure increased likelihood of human error and accidents and inci-
Figure Title
Number
dents. Therefore, the procuring organization must exert maxi-
Fig. 1 Process for Determining the Need for an HSI Program
mumefforttoensurethatallHSIdomainsareconsideredinthe
Fig. 2 Sample Outline of a Typical HSIP
Fig. 3 Government HSI Systems Engineering Process and the
design, construction, and operation of any maritime system.
System Acquisition Life Cycle
2.1.10 HSI fundamentally involves engineering processes
Fig. 4 Phases of the Commercial Ship Acquisition Process
Table
and program management efforts that provide integrated and
Table Title
Number
comprehensive analyses, design and assessment of
Table 1 Description of Government-Oriented HSI Domains
requirements, operational and maintenance concepts, and re-
Table 2 Key Interactions among HSI Domains
Table 3 Minimum Qualifications for HSI Specialists
sources for system manpower, personnel, training, human
Table 4 Typical HSI Questions for NDI Acquisitions
factors engineering (HFE), safety and occupational health
Table 5 HSI Activities by Government Acquisition Phase
(SOH), personnel survivability, and habitability. These seven
Table 6 HSI Activities by Commercial Industry Acquisition Phase
Table 7 Function Allocation Considerations
HSI domains are interrelated and interdependent, and they are
Table 8 Typical Task Analysis Information
primary drivers of effective, affordable, and safe design con-
Table 9 Example HSI Risk Probability Ratings
Table 10 Example HSI Risk Severity Ratings
cepts and deployed systems. HSI relies on a concurrent
Table 11 Example Human System Integration Risk Index
engineering process to perform co-operative trade-offs among
the seven HSI domains to achieve effective system perfor-
2. Human Systems Integration
mance levels and affordable life-cycle costs, but does not
2.1 Definition of Human Systems Integration—HSI is a
replace individual domain activities, responsibilities, or report-
systematic life-cycle engineering process that identifies and
ing channels.
integrates human considerations into the design, acquisition,
2.1.11 The HSI framework for organizing and integrating of
and support of marine systems through the application of
human considerations into marine system design represents a
knowledge of human behavior, capabilities, and limitations.
system-level engineering approach. HSI uses the results of its
The goal is to optimize human performance, including human
technical domain analyses and tradeoffs to integrate them into
capability, proficiency, availability, utilization,
the systems engineering and design processes. In the govern-
accommodation, survivability, health and safety by influencing
ment environment, other HSI domains provide insights, data,
design, construction, and operations through the integration of
and design considerations that HFE translates into hardware,
requirements that rely on the expertise found in the following
software, workspace, and task design. This is a more formal
HSI domains:
government process. In the commercial environment, HSI
2.1.1 Manpower—Establishing the number and type of
relies heavily on HFE, assigning it responsibility of being
personnel needed to operate and maintain the marine system.
2.1.2 Personnel—Determining where the people with the aware of considerations associated with manpower, personnel,
required knowledge, skill, and abilities (KSAs) required to fill training, safety, and habitability and representing those as part
marine system billets will be drawn. of a human-centric design process.
F1337 − 10 (2015)
TABLE 1 Description of Government-Oriented HSI Domains
Domain Description
Manpower Manpower is the number of personnel (military, civilian, and contractor) required,
authorized, and potentially available to operate, maintain, train, administer, and
support each ship, offshore structure, system, or combination thereof.
Personnel Personnel is the source, in terms of people, for the human knowledge, skills, abilities,
aptitudes, competencies, characteristics, and capabilities required to operate,
maintain, train, and support each ship, offshore structure, marine system, or
combination thereof, in peacetime and war.
Training Training is the instruction, education, assessment, resources required to provide ship
and marine facility personnel with requisite knowledge, skills, and abilities to operate,
maintain, and support ship, offshore structure, marine systems, or combination
thereof.
Human Factors Engineering Human factors engineering is the comprehensive integration of human characteristics
and capabilities and limitations into system definition, design, development, and
evaluation to promote effective human-machine integration for optimal total system
performance.
Safety and Occupational Health Safety is the process for hazard identification, risk evaluation, design analysis, hazard
mitigation, control, and management. The process manages the design and
operational characteristics of a system to eliminate or minimize the possibilities for
accidents or mishaps caused by human error. Occupational health is the systematic
application of biomedical knowledge, early in the acquisition process, to identify,
assess, and minimize health hazards associated with the system’s operation,
maintenance, repair, storage, or support.
Personnel Survivability Personnel Survivability is the how the system design minimizes medical implications
when humans are injured, provides escape and evacuation routes for crew, and
minimizes human mental and physical fatigue.
Habitability Habitability is the ship, offshore structure, and system characteristics that provide for
environment control of living and working conditions (temperature, noise, vibration,
and space attributes); and provides accommodations and support facilities (berthing,
sanitary, food service, exercise, training, laundry, medical, dental, administrative, ship
stores, and community or lounge facilities). Habitability is concerned with the level of
comfort and quality of life that is conducive to maintaining optimum crew performance,
readiness, and morale.
TABLE 2 Key Interactions Among HSI Domains
Domain Interactions
Manpower Personnel – Qualities and quantities of personnel required versus availability in inventory and pipeline
Training – Qualities and quantities required versus ability to train to meet requirements
HFE – Qualities and quantities of personnel required versus ability of system design or redesign to support manpower, task complexity, and
workload
SOH – Qualities and quantities of personnel required versus ability to safely perform tasks, particularly in a reduced manpower environment
Personnel Survivability – Quantities versus availability of personnel protection equipment (PPE) and designs that support survivability
Habitability – Quantities of personnel and workload required to perform tasks versus habitability support requirements such as berthing, food
service, laundry, administrative, postal, ship stores, and other habitability support spaces
Personnel Training – Availability in the inventory or in the pipeline of quantities of personnel required versus ability to train required knowledge, skills and
abilities (KSAs)
HFE – Availability of quantities and qualities of personnel required versus complexity of task and system design
Training HFE – Complexity and duration of training and training system design versus task/design complexity and the ability to train KSAs versus
complexity of tasks and design
Personnel Survivability – Transfer of information on training requirements for PPE and other emergencies
HFE SOH – How does design avoid or mitigate risks to safety and occupational health; Risks versus ability of design to mitigate risks
Personnel Survivability – Emergency egress and personal protection versus design’s ability to support
Habitability – How do habitability facilities support the ability of users to safely and effectively inhabit space and perform tasks
SOH Habitability – Reduction of safety and health risks through the design of environmental control (temperature, noise, and vibration levels) and and
habitability facilities and working spaces not under habitability purview (work shops, machinery spaces, etc.)
Personnel Habitability – Ensure that requirements for PPE and survivability are integrated with the overall design of habitability facilities and working spaces
Survivability
Habitability All HSI Domains – Ensure domain concerns are addressed in habitability facilities, e.g., address the manpower or training implications of a food
service facility
2.2 HSI Integration Process: element of the operations and support activity as a mechanism
2.2.1 A key HSI focus is integration. HSI takes a total to support training, maintenance, and identify system improve
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F1337 − 10 F1337 − 10 (Reapproved 2015) An American National Standard
Standard Practice for
Human Systems Integration Program Requirements for
Ships and Marine Systems, Equipment, and Facilities
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1337; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 Objectives—This practice establishes and defines the processes and associated requirements for incorporating Human
Systems Integration (HSI) into all phases of government and commercial ship, offshore structure, and marine system and
equipment (hereafter referred to as marine system) acquisition life cycle. HSI must be integrated fully with the engineering
processes applied to the design, acquisition, and operations of marine systems. This application includes the following:
1.1.1 Ships and offshore structures.
1.1.2 Marine systems, machinery, and equipment developed to be deployed on a ship or offshore structure where their design,
once integrated into the ship or offshore structure, will potentially impact human performance, safety and health hazards,
survivability, morale, quality of life, and fitness for duty.
1.1.3 Integration of marine systems and equipment into ships and offshore structures including arrangements, facility layout,
installations, communications, and data links.
1.1.4 Modernization and retrofitting ships and offshore structures.
1.2 Target Audience—The intended audience for this document consists of individuals with HSI training and experience
representing the procuring activity, contractor or vendor personnel with HSI experience, and engineers and management personnel
familiar with HSI methods, processes, and objectives. See 5.2.3 for guidance on qualifications of HSI specialists.
1.3 Contents—This document is divided into the following sections and subsections.
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Ships and Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.07 on General
Requirements.
Current edition approved March 1, 2010May 1, 2015. Published April 2010June 2015. Originally approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 20062010 as
F1337 - 91F1337 – 10.(2006). DOI: 10.1520/F1337-10.10.1520/F1337-10R15.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F1337 − 10 (2015)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section Title
and
Subsection
1 Scope
1.1 Objectives
1.2 Target Audience
1.3 Contents
2 Human Systems Integration
2.1 Definition of Human Systems Integration
2.2 HSI Integration Process
2.3 HSI Program Requirements
3 Referenced Documents
3.1 Introduction
3.2 ASTM Standards
3.3 Commercial Standards and Documents
3.4 Government Standards and Documents
4 Terminology
4.1 Arrangement Drawing
4.1.1 Arrangement Drawing
4.2 Contractor
4.1.2 Contractor
4.3 Critical Activity
4.1.3 Critical Activity
4.4 Cultural Expectation
4.1.4 Cultural Expectation
4.5 Function
4.1.5 Function
4.6 Human Systems Integration
4.1.6 Human Systems Integration
4.7 High Drivers
4.1.7 High Drivers
4.8 Human Error
4.1.8 Human Error
4.9 Manning
4.1.9 Manning
4.10 Manpower
4.1.10 Manpower
4.11 Marine System
4.1.11 Marine System
4.12 Mission
4.1.12 Mission
4.13 Offshore Structure or Facility
4.1.13 Offshore Structure or Facility
4.14 Operational Requirements
4.1.14 Operational Requirements
4.15 Panel Layout Drawings
4.1.15 Panel Layout Drawings
4.16 Procuring Organization
4.1.16 Procuring Organization
4.17 System
4.1.17 System
4.18 Task
4.1.18 Task
4.19 User Interface
4.1.19 User Interface
4.20 Vendor
4.1.20 Vendor
5 Summary of Practice
5.1 HSI Design Objectives
5.2 Key Success Factors
5.3 HSI Plan
5.4 HSI Integrated Product Team
5.6 Quality Assurance
5.7 Nonduplication
5.8 Cognizance and Coordination
6 Significance of Use
6.1 Intended Use
6.2 Scope and Nature of Work
6.3 Government Formalized, Full Scale Acquisition
6.4 Commercial Acquisition Process
6.5 Non-Developmental Item Acquisition
6.6 Modernization
7 HSI Activities
7.1 Overview
7.2 HSI Lessons Learned
7.3 Early Marine Systems Analyses
F1337 − 10 (2015)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section Title
and
Subsection
7.4 Front End Analysis
7.5 HSI Risk Analysis
7.6 Manpower Analyses
7.7 Personnel Analyses
7.8 Training Analyses
7.9 Workload Analysis
7.10 HSI Input to Procurement Documents and Specifications
7.11 SOH Hazards Analyses
7.12 Personnel Survivability Analyses
7.13 Habitability Analysis
7.14 Health Service Analysis
7.15 Modeling and Simulation
7.16 User Interface (UI) Design
7.17 Usability Evaluations and UI Concept Exploration
7.18 Valve Criticality Analysis
7.19 Link Analysis
7.20 Design Reviews
7.21 Drawings and CAD Model Reviews
7.22 Inspections
7.23 Developmental Test and Evaluation
7.24 Operational Test and Evaluation
8 Documentation
8.1 Data Requirements
8.2 Traceability
8.3 Access to Data
9 Keywords
Figure
Figure Title
Number
Figure
Figure Title
Number
Fig. 1 Process for Determining the Need for an HSI Program
Fig. 2 Sample Outline of a Typical HSIP
Fig. 3 Government HSI Systems Engineering Process and the
System Acquisition Life Cycle
Fig. 4 Phases of the Commercial Ship Acquisition Process
Table Table Title
Number
Table
Table Title
Number
Table 1 Description of Government-Oriented HSI Domains
Table 2 Key Interactions among HSI Domains
Table 3 Minimum Qualifications for HSI Specialists
Table 4 Typical HSI Questions for NDI Acquisitions
Table 5 HSI Activities by Government Acquisition Phase
Table 6 HSI Activities by Commercial Industry Acquisition Phase
Table 7 Function Allocation Considerations
Table 8 Typical Task Analysis Information
Table 9 Example HSI Risk Probability Ratings
Table 10 Example HSI Risk Severity Ratings
Table 11 Example Human System Integration Risk Index
2. Human Systems Integration
2.1 Definition of Human Systems Integration—HSI is a systematic life-cycle engineering process that identifies and integrates
human considerations into the design, acquisition, and support of marine systems through the application of knowledge of human
behavior, capabilities, and limitations. The goal is to optimize human performance, including human capability, proficiency,
availability, utilization, accommodation, survivability, health and safety by influencing design, construction, and operations
through the integration of requirements that rely on the expertise found in the following HSI domains:
2.1.1 Manpower—Establishing the number and type of personnel needed to operate and maintain the marine system.
2.1.2 Personnel—Determining where the people with the required knowledge, skill, and abilities (KSAs) required to fill marine
system billets will be drawn.
2.1.3 Training—Establishing and providing the training requirements for the personnel selected.
2.1.4 Human Factors Engineering—Designing and assessing user interfaces between humans and hardware, software,
firmware, Webware, courseware, information, procedures, policy and doctrine, documentation, design features, technology,
environments, organizations, and other humans.
2.1.5 Safety and Occupational Health—Providing a safe and healthy working environment.
2.1.6 Personal Survivability—Providing a platform that maximizes crew survivability.
2.1.7 Habitability—Providing the characteristics of systems, facilities, personal services, and living and working conditions that
result in high levels of crew morale, quality of life, safety, health, and comfort.
F1337 − 10 (2015)
2.1.8 Government-oriented definitions of the HSI domains are provided in Table 1.
2.1.9 It is understood that not all HSI domains will be involved in every marine system design project. For example, in the
commercial maritime setting, design requirements affecting several HSI domains (for example, manpower, personnel selection, and
training requirements) are set by entities other than the procuring organization. This does not diminish the fact that inattention to
these HSI domains can lead to the increased likelihood of human error and accidents and incidents. Therefore, the procuring
organization must exert maximum effort to ensure that all HSI domains are considered in the design, construction, and operation
of any maritime system.
2.1.10 HSI fundamentally involves engineering processes and program management efforts that provide integrated and
comprehensive analyses, design and assessment of requirements, operational and maintenance concepts, and resources for system
manpower, personnel, training, human factors engineering (HFE), safety and occupational health (SOH), personnel survivability,
and habitability. These seven HSI domains are interrelated and interdependent, and they are primary drivers of effective, affordable,
and safe design concepts and deployed systems. HSI relies on a concurrent engineering process to perform co-operative trade-offs
among the seven HSI domains to achieve effective system performance levels and affordable life-cycle costs, but does not replace
individual domain activities, responsibilities, or reporting channels.
2.1.11 The HSI framework for organizing and integrating of human considerations into marine system design represents a
system-level engineering approach. HSI uses the results of its technical domain analyses and tradeoffs to integrate them into the
systems engineering and design processes. In the government environment, other HSI domains provide insights, data, and design
considerations that HFE translates into hardware, software, workspace, and task design. This is a more formal government process.
In the commercial environment, HSI relies heavily on HFE, assigning it responsibility of being aware of considerations associated
with manpower, personnel, training, safety, and habitability and representing those as part of a human-centric design process.
TABLE 1 Description of Government-Oriented HSI Domains
Domain Description
Manpower Manpower is the number of personnel (military, civilian, and contractor) required,
authorized, and potentially available to operate, maintain, train, administer, and
support each ship, offshore structure, and/or system.
Manpower Manpower is the number of personnel (military, civilian, and contractor) required,
authorized, and potentially available to operate, maintain, train, administer, and
support each ship, offshore structure, system, or combination thereof.
Personnel Personnel is the source, in terms of people, for the human knowledge, skills, abilities,
aptitudes, competencies, characteristics, and capabilities required to operate,
maintain, train, and support each ship, offshore structure and/or marine system in
peacetime and war.
Personnel Personnel is the source, in terms of people, for the human knowledge, skills, abilities,
aptitudes, competencies, characteristics, and capabilities required to operate,
maintain, train, and support each ship, offshore structure, marine system, or
combination thereof, in peacetime and war.
Training Training is the instruction, education, assessment, resources required to provide ship
and marine facility personnel with requisite knowledge, skills, and abilities to operate,
maintain, and support ship, offshore structure, and/or marine systems.
Training Training is the instruction, education, assessment, resources required to provide ship
and marine facility personnel with requisite knowledge, skills, and abilities to operate,
maintain, and support ship, offshore structure, marine systems, or combination
thereof.
Human Factors Engineering Human factors engineering is the comprehensive integration of human characteristics
and capabilities and limitations into system definition, design, development, and
evaluation to promote effective human-machine integration for optimal total system
performance.
Safety and Occupational Health Safety is the process for hazard identification, risk evaluation, design analysis, hazard
mitigation, control, and management. The process manages the design and
operational characteristics of a system to eliminate or minimize the possibilities for
accidents or mishaps caused by human error. Occupational health is the systematic
application of biomedical knowledge, early in the acquisition process, to identify,
assess, and minimize health hazards associated with the system’s operation,
maintenance, repair, storage, or support.
Personnel Survivability Personnel Survivability is the how the system design minimizes medical implications
when humans are injured, provides escape and evacuation routes for crew, and
minimizes human mental and physical fatigue.
Habitability Habitability is the ship, offshore structure, and system characteristics that provide for
environment control of living and working conditions (temperature, noise, vibration,
and space attributes); and provides accommodations and support facilities (berthing,
sanitary, food service, exercise, training, laundry, medical, dental, administrative, ship
stores, and community or lounge facilities). Habitability is concerned with the level of
comfort and quality of life that is conducive to maintaining optimum crew performance,
readiness, and morale.
F1337 − 10 (2015)
TABLE 2 Key Interactions Among HSI Domains
Domain Interactions
Manpower Personnel – Qualities and quantities of personnel required versus availability in inventory and pipeline
Training – Qualities and quantities required versus ability to train to meet requirements
HFE – Qualities and quantities of personnel required versus ability of system design or redesign to support manpower, task complexity, and
workload
SOH – Qualities and quantities of personnel required versus ability to safely perform tasks, particularly in a reduced manpower environment
Personnel Survivability – Quantities versus availability of personnel protection equipment (PPE) and designs that support survivability
Habitability – Quantities of personnel and workload required to perform tasks versus habitability support requirements such as berthing, food
service, laundry, administrative, postal, ship stores, and other habitability support spaces
Personnel Training – Availability in the inventory or in th
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Questions, Comments and Discussion
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