ASTM D1177-22

Standard Test Method for Freezing Point of Aqueous Engine Coolants

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The freezing point of an engine coolant indicates the coolant freeze protection.  
5.2 The freezing point of an engine coolant may be used to determine the approximate glycol or glycerin content, provided the glycol type is known.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the freezing point of an aqueous engine coolant solution in the laboratory.  
Note 1: Where solutions of specific concentrations are to be tested, they shall be prepared from representative samples as directed in Practice D1176. Secondary phases separating on dilution need not be separated.
Note 2: These products may also be marketed in a ready-to-use form (prediluted).  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Aug-2022
• ICS: 71.100.45 - Refrigerants and antifreezes
• Technical Committee: D15 - Engine Coolants and Related Fluids
• Drafting Committee: D15.03 - Physical Properties

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D1177 − 22
Standard Test Method for
1
Freezing Point of Aqueous Engine Coolants
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1177; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 3.1.1 freezing point—the temperature at which crystalliza-
tion begins in the absence of supercooling, or the maximum
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the freez-
temperature reached immediately after initial crystal formation
ing point of an aqueous engine coolant solution in the
in the case of supercooling, or the temperature at which solid
laboratory.
crystals,formedoncooling,disappearwhenthetemperatureof
NOTE 1—Where solutions of specific concentrations are to be tested,
the specimen is allowed to rise.
they shall be prepared from representative samples as directed in Practice
D1176. Secondary phases separating on dilution need not be separated.
4. Summary of Test Method
NOTE 2—These products may also be marketed in a ready-to-use form
(prediluted).
4.1 This test method involves the determination of the
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as time-temperature curve prior to freezing and the determination
of the horizontal or flattened portion of the freezing curve.The
standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are
provided for information only and are not considered standard. freezing point is taken as the intersection of projections of the
cooling curve and the freezing curve. If the solution
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
supercools, the freezing point is the maximum temperature
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
reached after supercooling.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
5. Significance and Use
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor- 5.1 The freezing point of an engine coolant indicates the
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- coolant freeze protection.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
5.2 The freezing point of an engine coolant may be used to
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
determinetheapproximateglycolorglycerincontent,provided
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
the glycol type is known.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
6. Apparatus
2. Referenced Documents
6.1 Freezing Point Apparatus, shown assembled in Fig. 1,
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
consisting of the following:
D1176Practice for Sampling and Preparing Aqueous Solu-
6.1.1 Cooling Bath, in which the refrigerant is contained,
tionsofEngineCoolantsorAntirustsforTestingPurposes
consistingofastandard1.9L(2qt)Dewarflask.Theflaskmay
E1Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
be silvered or unsilvered, and is supported in a close-fitting
container. A pad of glass wool is placed in the bottom of the
3. Terminology
flask to protect it from damage by the tip of freezing tube.
3
3.1 Definitions:
6.1.2 Freezing Tube consisting of a 200 mL (6.8 oz)
unevacuated, unsilvered Dewar flask. The tube is closed by a
cork having a central hole for the thermocouple or resistance
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D15 on Engine
thermometer, a second hole placed to one side for passage of
Coolants and Related Fluids and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
the stirring rod, and a third hole for introducing wire for
D15.03 on Physical Properties.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2022. Published September 2022. Originally seeding at appropriate time.
approved in 1951. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as D1177-17. DOI:
10.1520/D1177-22.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
3
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM For routine work, a tube with a seeding tip as described in the paper by
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Mallonee,R.E.,andHoward,F.L.,“TheDeterminationofFreezingPointofEngine
the ASTM website. Antifreeze,” in the February 1951 issue of the ASTM Bulletin may be used.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D1177 − 17 D1177 − 22
Standard Test Method for
1
Freezing Point of Aqueous Engine Coolants
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1177; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the freezing point of an aqueous engine coolant solution in the laboratory.
NOTE 1—Where solutions of specific concentrations are to be tested, they shall be prepared from representative samples as directed in Practice D1176.
Secondary phases separating on dilution need not be separated.
NOTE 2—These products may also be marketed in a ready-to-use form (prediluted).
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.after
SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1176 Practice for Sampling and Preparing Aqueous Solutions of Engine Coolants or Antirusts for Testing Purposes
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 freezing point—the temperature at which crystallization begins in the absence of supercooling, or the maximum temperature
reached immediately after initial crystal formation in the case of supercooling, or the temperature at which solid crystals, formed
on cooling, disappear when the temperature of the specimen is allowed to rise.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D15 on Engine Coolants and Related Fluids and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D15.03 on
Physical Properties.
Current edition approved April 1, 2017Sept. 1, 2022. Published April 2017September 2022. Originally approved in 1951. Last previous edition approved in 20162017 as
D1177-16.-17. DOI: 10.1520/D1177-17.10.1520/D1177-22.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D1177 − 22
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 This test method involves the determination of the time-temperature curve prior to freezing and the determination of the
horizontal or flattened portion of the freezing curve. The freezing point is taken as the intersection of projections of the cooling
curve and the freezing curve. If the solution supercools, the freezing point is the maximum temperature reached after supercooling.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 The freezing point of an engine coolant indicates the coolant freeze protection.
5.2 The freezing point of an engine coolant may be used to determine the approximate glycol or glycerin content, provided the
glycol type is known.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Freezing Point Apparatus, shown assembled in Fig. 1, consisting of the following:
6.1.1 Cooling Bath, in which the refrigerant is contained, consisting of a standard 1.9-L (2-qt)1.9 L (2 qt) Dewar flask. The flask
may be silvered or unsilvered, and is supported in a close-fitting container. A pad of glass wool is placed in the bottom of the flask
to protect it from damage by the tip of freezing tube.
FIG. 1 Assembly of Freezing Point Apparatus
2

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D1177 − 22
3
6.1.2 Freezing Tube consisting of a 200-mL
...