ASTM E3182-20

Standard Practice for Preparing an Occupant Exposure Screening Report (OESR) for Substances in Installed Building Products

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice is applicable to all interior and exterior installed building products in the use phase of the product, specifically in the form present in the occupied building. This practice does not cover products during installation processes since those exposures are covered by occupational regulations.  
4.2 This practice specifies the required information to include in the OESR screening report for product decision makers to assess the potential for occupant health exposure from installed building products in an occupied building operated under normal and anticipated conditions of use.  
4.3 Fundamental to the selection and use of building products is the consideration of the likelihood of occupant exposure and possible risk to substances in those installed building products.  
4.4 This practice does not purport to offer full risk information, nor does it purport to be equivalent to an exposure or risk assessment. Rather, it provides screening to inform the product decision maker about conditions that could generate additional discussions with manufacturers or others.  
4.5 The informational requirements for an OESR are identified in Section 5.  
4.6 For substances with hazard classifications in 5.3, the OESR informs product decision makers about substances in an installed building product that might trigger a hazard warning to a user or building occupant. This information is designed to help the product decision maker determine whether added information is needed to evaluate exposure and risk more fully in the context of the installed building product’s specific use or application.  
4.7 The OESR screening report is required to be updated based on the requirements in 9.3.  
4.8 The OESR is completed by last manufacturer of the building product; this is the manufacturer offering the external or internal building product to the market. This manufacturer may need to obtain information from other manufacturers in its supply chain.
Note 1: The manufact...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides the information required for publishing a screening report for occupant exposure from substances in installed building products (OESR) to communicate possible human health impacts in an occupied building to product specifiers, building owners, and others.  
1.2 This practice is applicable to all interior and exterior building products in the form used and incorporated into an occupied building.  
1.3 An article going into the construction market that has potential hazards based upon an evaluation of the United Nations Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) (1)2 mixtures guidance is included in the scope of this practice.  
1.4 This practice does not cover product fabrication or installation processes because these are subject to worker safety and health regulations and law.  
1.5 The final building product manufacturer offering the building product to the market or agent is responsible for providing this information and completing this report.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Dec-2019
• ICS: 91.010.10 - Legal aspects
• ICS: 91.040.01 - Buildings in general
• Technical Committee: E60 - Sustainability
• Drafting Committee: E60.01 - Buildings and Construction

Relations

• Refers: ASTM E3027-23 - Standard Guide for Making Sustainability-Related Chemical Selection Decisions in the Life-Cycle of Products
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Refers: ASTM E3027-18a - Standard Guide for Making Sustainability-Related Chemical Selection Decisions in the Life-Cycle of Products
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2018
• Refers: ASTM E3027-18 - Standard Guide for Making Sustainability-Related Chemical Selection Decisions in the Life-Cycle of Products
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2018
• Refers: ASTM E2091-17 - Standard Guide for Use of Activity and Use Limitations, Including Institutional and Engineering Controls
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2017
• Refers: ASTM E2114-17 - Standard Terminology for Sustainability Relative to the Performance of Buildings
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2017
• Refers: ASTM E3027-17 - Standard Guide for Making Sustainability-Related Chemical Selection Decisions in the Life-Cycle of Products
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2017
• Refers: ASTM E3027-16a - Standard Guide for Making Sustainability-Related Chemical Selection Decisions in the Life-Cycle of Products
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2016
• Refers: ASTM E3027-16 - Standard Guide for Making Sustainability-Related Chemical Selection Decisions in the Life-Cycle of Products
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2016
• Refers: ASTM E3027-15 - Standard Guide for Making Sustainability-Related Chemical Selection Decisions in the Life-Cycle of Products
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2015
• Refers: ASTM E2091-11 - Standard Guide for Use of Activity and Use Limitations, Including Institutional and Engineering Controls
• Effective Date: 01-May-2011
• Refers: ASTM E2114-08 - Standard Terminology for Sustainability Relative to the Performance of Buildings
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2008
• Refers: ASTM E2114-06a - Standard Terminology for Sustainability Relative to the Performance of Buildings
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2006
• Refers: ASTM E2114-06 - Standard Terminology for Sustainability Relative to the Performance of Buildings
• Effective Date: 15-Feb-2006
• Refers: ASTM E2114-05a - Standard Terminology for Sustainability Relative to the Performance of Buildings
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2005
• Refers: ASTM E2091-05 - Standard Guide for Use of Activity and Use Limitations, Including Institutional and Engineering Controls
• Effective Date: 01-May-2005

Overview

ASTM E3182-20: Standard Practice for Preparing an Occupant Exposure Screening Report (OESR) for Substances in Installed Building Products is a comprehensive ASTM International standard that guides manufacturers in reporting and screening the potential for occupant health exposure from substances present in building products once installed in an occupied building. Applying to both interior and exterior building materials in their final, installed state, this practice addresses the vital task of enabling product decision makers, building owners, and specifiers to make informed choices concerning human health impacts under normal building use.

This standard focuses on providing required information for an OESR, ensuring that relevant substance hazards, potential exposures, and associated health statements are disclosed for substances present in installed building products. It is important to note that ASTM E3182-20 does not replace a full risk or exposure assessment, nor does it address exposures during product installation, which are covered by separate occupational regulations.

Key Topics

• Scope and Applicability: Covers all types of installed building products in occupied structures-interior or exterior-excluding installation processes.
• Occupant Exposure Screening Report (OESR): Details the minimum information manufacturers must disclose, such as product identity, substance composition, concentrations, and hazard classification.
• Hazard Classification: Requires manufacturers to identify substances classified as hazardous under the United Nations Globally Harmonized System (GHS) and applicable regulatory frameworks.
• Health Hazard Statements: Mandates proper communication of relevant health and safety warnings for substances triggering hazard warnings, such as carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, reproductive toxicity, or sensitization.
• Encapsulation and Exposure Likelihood: Differentiates between substances encapsulated and not accessible to occupants, and those which can potentially lead to exposure under normal use.
• VOC Emissions: Requires reporting on volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions, with specific criteria for VOC non-emitting materials and emissions testing protocols.
• Update and Verification: OESR reports must be updated every five years, or sooner if significant product changes occur, with clear manufacturer contact information and responsible company representative verification.

Applications

ASTM E3182-20 delivers practical value to a variety of stakeholders throughout the building product supply chain, including:

• Manufacturers: Ensures consistent, transparent reporting of potential occupant exposures, aiding compliance with relevant health and safety regulations and supporting customer trust.
• Product Specifiers and Architects: Provides crucial screening information for selection of safer, healthier building materials.
• Building Owners and Operators: Equips decision makers with documentation to assess risks associated with installed construction products in occupied environments.
• Regulatory Bodies and Certification Schemes: Enhances alignment of product disclosures with GHS, California Proposition 65, VOC standards, and other international health hazard frameworks.
• Sustainability and Green Building Programs: Contributes to documentation needed for green certifications, product transparency, and sustainability declarations.

By employing the OESR required by ASTM E3182-20, decision makers can initiate additional discussions with manufacturers and suppliers when more detailed risk evaluations are warranted, supporting proactive risk management in building operation and maintenance.

Related Standards

ASTM E3182-20 references and aligns with several important standards and regulatory documents, including:

• ASTM E2091 – Guide for Use of Activity and Use Limitations, Including Institutional and Engineering Controls
• ASTM E2114 – Terminology for Sustainability Relative to the Performance of Buildings
• ASTM E3027 – Guide for Making Sustainability-Related Chemical Selection Decisions in the Life-Cycle of Products
• NSF/ANSI 14 – Plastic Piping System Components and Related Materials
• NSF/ANSI 61 – Drinking Water System Components, Health Effects
• ANSI Z400.1/Z129.1 – Hazardous Workplace Chemicals – Safety Data Sheet (SDS) and Precautionary Labeling Preparation Standard
• United Nations GHS – Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals

These related standards collectively support the consistent, internationally recognized approach to chemical hazard identification, risk communication, and building product safety.

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Keywords: ASTM E3182-20, occupant exposure, building products, OESR, hazard screening, GHS, substance disclosure, occupant health risk, VOC emissions, product transparency, building material safety, compliance.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E3182 − 20 An American National Standard
Standard Practice for
Preparing an Occupant Exposure Screening Report (OESR)
for Substances in Installed Building Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E3182; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.1 This practice provides the information required for
publishing a screening report for occupant exposure from
2. Referenced Documents
substances in installed building products (OESR) to commu-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
nicate possible human health impacts in an occupied building
E2091Guide for Use of Activity and Use Limitations,
to product specifiers, building owners, and others.
Including Institutional and Engineering Controls
1.2 This practice is applicable to all interior and exterior
E2114TerminologyforSustainabilityRelativetothePerfor-
building products in the form used and incorporated into an
mance of Buildings
occupied building.
E3027Guide for Making Sustainability-Related Chemical
Selection Decisions in the Life-Cycle of Products
1.3 An article going into the construction market that has
potential hazards based upon an evaluation of the United 2.2 NSF International/American National Standards Insti-
tute (ANSI) Standards:
Nations Globally Harmonized System of Classification and
NSF/ANSI 14Plastic Piping System Components and Re-
Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) (1) mixtures guidance is
lated Materials
included in the scope of this practice.
NSF/ANSI 61Drinking Water System Components, Health
1.4 This practice does not cover product fabrication or
Effects
installation processes because these are subject to worker
2.3 ANSI Standard:
safety and health regulations and law.
ANSI Z400.1/Z129.1Hazardous Workplace Chemicals –
1.5 The final building product manufacturer offering the
Hazard Evaluation and Safety Data Sheet and Precaution-
building product to the market or agent is responsible for
ary Labeling Preparation Standard (SDS)
providing this information and completing this report.
3. Terminology
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.1 Definitions:
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3.1.1 risk, n—theprobabilityorchanceofharmfuleffectsto
standard.
human or ecological health resulting from exposure to a
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
stressor, including any physical, chemical, or biological entity
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
that can induce an adverse response. E3027
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
3.1.1.1 Discussion—Risk is a function of hazard and expo-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. sure for a specific set of conditions (a scenario). Actions that
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor- impact either hazard or exposure will impact risk. Risk is
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- expressed as unitless values ranging from zero (certainty that
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the harm will not occur) to one (certainty that harm will occur)
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- using a comparison of the expected substance exposure from a
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E60 on Sustain- contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
ability and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E60.01 on Buildings and Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Construction. the ASTM website.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2020. Published March 2020. DOI: 10.1520/ Available from NSF International, P.O. Box 130140, 789 N. Dixboro Rd.,Ann
E3182–20. Arbor, MI 48105, http://www.nsf.org.
2 5
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end of Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
this standard. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
E3182 − 20
scenario to a threshold-dependent limit often based on the VOC emissions are below the level of quantification using
NOAEL (no observed adverse effect level) or LOAEL (low appropriate standardized test method(s) for VOCs.
observedadverseeffectlevel).Riskvaluesclosetoonesuggest 3.2.7 installed building product, n—manufactured material,
actions might be needed to reduce exposure. component, or assembly as installed in a building.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: 3.2.7.1 Discussion—The term installed building product is
3.2.1 alloy, n—metallic material, homogeneous on a mac- used to denote a final item, including building assemblies,
building elements, and integrated technical systems, incorpo-
roscopic scale, consisting of a mixture of a metal with another
metal(s) or non-metal(s) elements so combined that they rated within a building. OESR can be used to disclose
informationonaproduct,suchasgypsumwallboardaswellas
cannot be separated by mechanical means.
complex building products, such as a wall panel system.
3.2.2 encapsulation, n—the process of (a) entrapping one
3.2.8 no significant risk, n—risk that is deemed to be below
moleculeorsubstancewithinanothermoleculeorsubstanceor
a level of regulatory concern. E2091
(b) using a barrier to confine or reduce contact or emissions to
3.2.8.1 Discussion—This level may vary among states and
the no significant risk level from the product.
federal agencies, among regulatory programs, among media
3.2.2.1 Discussion—Encapsulation includes the state where
and pathways of concern, and among receptors. The terminol-
individual molecule(s) are placed within a larger molecule,
ogy may also vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction, and from
polymer, alloy of metal, or copolymer(s) as well as barrier
regulatory program to regulatory program (for example, ac-
practicestoseparatesubstancesidentifiedin5.3.3fromhuman
ceptable risk level or some similar term indicating that reme-
contact, including via indoor air. Barrier practices include
dial measures have reached the target level for protecting
buildingdesign,suchaswallboardandvaporbarrieraswellas
human health and the environment). E2091
use of high-pressure laminates, factory-applied coatings or
3.2.8.2 Discussion—No significant risk and safe harbor are
films, field-applied coatings of nitrocellulose or water-based
considered equivalent in this practice.
polyurethane lacquer. Materials contained within a solid
matrix, for example, fly ash or silica, may be contained either
3.2.9 product category, n—the category of the product as
physically or chemically, and are not likely to be available for
identified in the MasterFormat (4), which is produced by the
human contact (exposure) unless the matrix undergoes addi-
Construction Specifications Institute (CSI).
tional physical processing that produces emissions with the
3.2.10 proprietary substance, n—substancewhosechemical
potential for human exposure.
composition is not publicly disclosed or known by specific
3.2.3 exposure, n—contact with a chemical, biological, or chemical name.
physical agent by an ecosystem or living organism, and the
3.2.10.1 Discussion—Proprietary substance includes mate-
duration and level of intensity of that contact. E3027
rials and substances covered by intellectual property rights or
3.2.3.1 Discussion—ThedefinitionofexposureinTerminol- similar legal protections or restrictions.
ogy E2114 is old and imprecise for this practice. This practice 3.2.11 safe harbor, n—see no significant risk.
usesthedefinitioninGuideE3027.Durationisthetimeperiod
3.2.12 total volatile organic compounds, TVOC,
of contact and the level of intensity is the chemical concentra-
n—summed concentration of the individual volatile organic
tion at the point of contact.
compounds (VOCs) quantifiable in an air sample by both a
3.2.4 hazard statement, n—a standardized statement (2)
precisely specified sampling protocol and a precisely defined
assigned by OSHA or GHS to a hazard classification and
analytical method.
category to describe and warn of hazards associated with a
3.2.12.1 Discussion—Because of the variety of building
substance.
products applicable to this practice, multiple analytical meth-
3.2.4.1 Discussion—The manufacturer should use the haz-
ods may apply. In this circumstance, the applicable protocol
ardstatementconsistentwithOSHAGHSinterpretations(3)or
and method will be identified in the OESR report.
with the GHS version operational in the country of product
3.2.13 volatile organic compound, VOC, n—compounds
manufacture.
containing carbon that have vapor pressures at standard con-
3.2.5 health hazard, n—inherent property of a substance or
ditions ranging between those for n-pentane through
situation having the potential to cause adverse effects when an
n-heptadecane, excluding carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide,
organism, system, or (sub)population is exposed to that agent.
carbonic acid, metallic carbides, and ammonium carbonate.
3.2.6 inherently non-emitting sources of VOCs, n—products
3.2.13.1 Discussion—A specific and actionable definition
composed wholly of minerals, metals, or materials that do not
for VOC was needed for this practice because existingASTM
emit volatile organic compounds.
definitions are very broad and not immediately actionable.
Results from relevant test methods should be used when
3.2.6.1 Discussion—Products made of stone, ceramic, bare
determining whether a substance meets this VOC definition.
metal, powder-coated metals, factory oven-coated painted
Volatile organic compounds excluded from this definition are
metals,platedoranodizedmetal,glass,concrete,claybrickare
considered non-VOC emitting materials unless they include
organic-based surface coatings, binders, or sealants. Other
products, including unfinished or untreated solid wood, are
A registered trademark of Construction Specifications Institute (CSI), 123
considered inherently non-emitting sources of VOCs when the North Pitt St., Ste. 450, Alexandria, VA 22314.
E3182 − 20
specified in this practice can be included in the appropriate GHS SDS
those consistent with relevant regulatory definitions, such as
section.SeeAppendixX3forsuggestions.Therequiredinformationin5.1
the South Coast Air Regulations, Rule 102 (5).
may be reported in the appropriate section of other building product
declarations or rating systems. The goal is to add exposure-related
4. Significance and Use
information identified in Section 7 of this practice into a disclosure
4.1 This practice is applicable to all interior and exterior document, either existing or new, such as the sample form in Appendix
X2.
installed building products in the use phase of the product,
specifically in the form present in the occupied building. This
5.2 Product Name and Use:
practice does not cover products during installation processes 5.2.1 Name of the building product.
6 6
sincethoseexposuresarecoveredbyoccupationalregulations.
5.2.2 The CSI MasterFormat number (4) for the product
or other product designation in common use.
4.2 This practice specifies the required information to in-
5.2.3 Adescriptionoftheinstalledbuildingproduct,itsuse,
clude in the OESR screening report for product decision
form, and location in the final building.
makers to assess the potential for occupant health exposure
from installed building products in an occupied building
NOTE 3—The form and location are needed to support the reporting
requirements for substances in installed building products that are
operated under normal and anticipated conditions of use.
encapsulated in the final building. Product form describes the physical
4.3 Fundamental to the selection and use of building prod-
nature of the product, for example, solid, liquid, and gas/aerosol/
uctsistheconsiderationofthelikelihoodofoccupantexposure particulate.
and possible risk to substances in those installed building
5.2.4 If the form and composition of building product
products.
delivered to the building site is different from its form and
4.4 This practice does not purport to offer full risk composition installed in the occupied building (as identified in
information,nordoesitpurporttobeequivalenttoanexposure 5.2.3), the “as delivered” form and composition also shall be
or risk assessment. Rather, it provides screening to inform the reported.
product decision maker about conditions that could generate 5.2.5 Manufacturer contact information.
additional discussions with manufacturers or others.
5.3 Product Composition:
4.5 The informational requirements for an OESR are iden- 5.3.1 Substances present in an installed building product
tified in Section 5. that are intentionally added or otherwise known to be present
at or above the mass fraction of 1.0% (10000 ppm) shall be
4.6 For substances with hazard classifications in 5.3, the
reported using one of the following:
OESRinformsproductdecisionmakersaboutsubstancesinan
5.3.1.1 Specific chemical name and, if available, CAS
installed building product that might trigger a hazard warning
7 7
Registry Number (CAS RN)(7); or
to a user or building occupant.This information is designed to
5.3.1.2 Generic or functional name; or
help the product decision maker determine whether added
5.3.1.3 Trade name.
informationisneededtoevaluateexposureandriskmorefully
By-products or contaminants shall be reported if the manu-
inthecontextoftheinstalledbuildingproduct’sspecificuseor
facturer knows they are present above the mass fraction of
application.
1.0% (10000 ppm) or are required to be listed by regulatory
4.7 The OESR screening report is required to be updated
requirements or by GHS requirements for SDS.
based on the requirements in 9.3.
5.3.2 Use of the generic, functional, or trade name is
allowedforproprietaryorconfidentialsubstancesprovidedthe
4.8 The OESR is completed by last manufacturer of the
building product; this is the manufacturer offering the external appropriate hazard classification and hazard statements for
substances are included. Testing to discover product composi-
or internal building product to the market. This manufacturer
mayneedtoobtaininformationfromothermanufacturersinits tion is not needed. This practice does not require the listing of
substances in any order based on name or concentration.
supply chain.
NOTE 1—The manufacturer offering the building product to the market
5.3.3 Substances meeting GHS Category 1 (1A or 1B) (8)
is aware of the form, function, and likely uses of the building product
for the hazard classifications of carcinogenicity, germ cell
under normal conditions of use. If the product contains hazardous
mutagenicity, reproductive toxicity, respiratory sensitization,
substance(s), it is likely that the manufacturer has information about the
or skin sensitization shall be reported at or above the mass
hazards from the product under foreseeable emergencies in compliance
fractionof0.1%(1000ppm)alongwiththeappropriatehazard
with OSHA requirements.
classification.
5. Occupant Exposure Screening Report (OESR) for
5.3.4 Theamountofthesubstancein5.3.3shallbereported
Substances in Installed Building Products
as either: actual concentration or in ranges. If ranges are
reported, the screening risk evaluation in Section 7 will be
5.1 The practice specifies the information required in a
based on the highest reported concentration in the range.
stand-alonereportorinanotherdocumenttomeetthispractice.
Manufacturers may use any format for conformance with this
NOTE 4—If ranges are reported, they should be consistent with Safety
practice,includingexistingreportingdeclarations;however,all
Data Sheet or GHS reporting requirements, including those for mixtures,
and with the concentration reported in the SDS. If the concentration is
informationcontainedin5.2,5.3,Section6,andSection7shall
be reported. A sample form is included as Appendix X2.
NOTE 2—If this information is integrated into a GHS-compliant Safety A registered trademark of the American Chemical Society, 1155 Sixteenth
Data Sheet (SDS) (6) such as ANSI Z400.1/Z129.1, the information Street, Washington, DC 20036.
E3182 − 20
different from the SDS, the manufacturer should provide the rationale for
6. Required Health Hazard Statements
the reporting difference in the OESR screening report.
6.1 An OESR shall indicate whether health hazard or
5.3.5 The hazard classification of reported substances in
precautionary statements are required for substance(s) meeting
5.3.1 and 5.3.3 shall be identified based on the following
5.3.3inaninstalledbuildingproductinaccordancewiththe(a)
criteria:
GHS or regulatory hazard classification, labeling, and commu-
5.3.5.1 The GHS classification in use by the country of
nication provisions applicable for the country of product
manufacture at the time of the OESR screening report prepa-
manufacture, such as delegated to a national authoritative
ration shall be used;
agency like the U.S. OSHAHazard Communication standard;
5.3.5.2 If the GHS classification is not known or is
or (b) California Proposition 65 for chemicals known to the
unavailable, the manufacturer shall use the classification from
State of California to cause cancer or reproductive toxicity, or
one or more of the following lists:
both.
(1)The list of agents, substances, mixtures, and exposure
6.2 To communicate the GHS hazard language (2), the (a)
circumstances that are known or reasonably anticipated to
signal word (danger or warning), (b) hazard statement, and (c)
causecancerinhumanspublishedintheReportofCarcinogens
website address or other location to find the wording for the
by the U.S. National Toxicology Program (NTP) (9);
precautionarystatementshallbereportedontheOESR.Manu-
(2)The International Agency for Research on Cancer
facturers should use the version of the GHS for the country of
(IARC) (10);
manufacture in effect at the time of the OESR preparation.
(3)CaliforniaProposition65listofcarcinogensandrepro-
ductive toxicants (11); and
NOTE 7—GHS provides the framework for national programs that
(4)Substances on the authorization list on the Substances
address classification of hazards for substances and transmittal of infor-
of Very High Concern (SVHC) published by the European mation about those hazards and associated protective measures. For
building materials meeting the GHS definition of article as adopted in the
Chemicals Agency (ECHA) (12).
national program of the country of the manufacturer, the GHS principles
NOTE 5—These lists classify chemicals and other agents based upon forclassificationofmixturesprovideguidanceabouthazardclassification.
scientific data and are published by an authoritative regulatory agency.
6.3 If a California Proposition 65 warning is required, the
The hazard classifications in these lists usually apply to the presence of
appropriate language shall be reported consistent with the
chemicals themselves and these lists often do not consider the concentra-
tionormassofasubstanceinaproduct.Thispracticeisdesignedtorelate
language used on the product label as specified in the version
and extend the hazard classification to the context of product use by
of Title 27 California Code of Regulations, Article 6 (14)in
adding a screening step for those higher hazard substances identified in
effect at the time of the OESR preparation.
5.3.3.
5.3.6 If a product has a GHS-compliant SDS, the product
7. Likelihood for Human Exposure
information disclosed under this practice should be consistent
7.1 Thedefaultusedinthispracticeistoassumesubstances
withGHSclassificationsinthemanufacturer’sSDSorareason
in installed building products that meet the GHS hazard
for the difference shall be noted.
classification and category in 5.3.3 are accessible for occupant
5.3.7 Products whose composition is specified by perfor-
exposure or contact in a building operating under normal and
mance criteria (“performance” standard) such as ASTM
anticipated conditions unless manufacturers can demonstrate
International, or other internationally recognized performance
that the substances are encapsulated in building materials and
standard), code requirements, or regulation may fulfill 5.3 by
building products in their final installed state. This practice
specifying the name, number, and year of issue of the appli-
uses exposure under normal conditions of use or in a foresee-
cable standard specification. If the stated standard only stipu-
ableemergency,consistentwiththeOSHAinterpretation(3)to
lates minimum concentrations of substances or provides mul-
exclude “substances for which the hazardous chemical is
tiple paths of compliance, then sufficient information shall be
inextricably bound or is not readily available and, therefore,
supplied on the OESR screening report to inform the decision
presents no potential for exposure.”
maker.
7.1.1 If a substance meeting 5.3.3 is encapsulated in the
5.3.8 Products whose composition is specified using health
building product when delivered to the building site and in the
criteria (“risk” standard) through a consensus process such as
installed form, the manufacturer shall disclose information on
ASTM International, NSF, or UL, code requirements, or
the OESR screening report consistent with the requirements in
regulation, may fulfill this practice by specifying the name of
5.3 of this practice and provide the rationale for a finding that
the risk standard by number and name, and provide third-party
human exposure is considered low concern.
certificationthattheproductmeetstheriskstandard.Manufac-
turers shall provide documentation to support this claim if 7.1.1.1 Metals contained in an alloy, glass, or ceramic, or
requested by the product decision maker.
ingredients in plastic polymers, may be contained either
physically or chemically and are not available for human
NOTE 6—For example, NSF/ANSI 61 sets health effects criteria for
contact (exposure). Under these conditions, the use of such
many water system components used in drinking water. Manufacturers of
alloys or plastic polymers in installed building products does
components that meet NSF/ANSI 61 can list “conforms to NSF/ANSI
Standard 61” in the product composition section of the OESR and report
their third-party certification in theAdditional Information section of the
OESR. Plastic pipe components and related materials may conform to
both NSF/ANSI 61 and NSF/ANSI 14 and carry the appropriate label Visit https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/standardinterpretations/2016-09-21. Ac-
designation (13). cessed August 31, 2017.
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not pose a health risk unless the product undergoes additional 7.2.2.5 How a product decision maker of the OESR may
physical processing that produces emissions with potential for receive a summary report documenting the modeling work.
human exposure.
NOTE 10—Risk models include those used by U.S. Environmental
7.1.1.2 For installed building products that meet the defini-
Protection Agency (EPA) (17) or European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
tion of encapsulation, the hazard statements, concentrations,
used to screen chemical substances for regulatory prioritization, comply
and other information outlined in this practice is not needed
withregulatoryreportingorrequirements,orsimilarmodels.Riskmodels
since encapsulation is intended to limit substance(s) release may be run in a screening approach or in a higher, more expert, level. In
the Supplemental Materials for Arnold et al, Table 3 lists examples of
during the normal and foreseeable use of the installed building
exposure models (18).
product.
7.1.2 If a substance meeting 5.3.3 in the installed building 7.2.3 Report the status of regulatory-based volatile organic
productisnotencapsulatedinthebuildingproductdeliveredto
compound (VOC) emissions in the installed building product.
the building site but will be encapsulated in the occupied
7.2.3.1 The manufacturer shall report:
building, the manufacturer shall disclose information in 5.3,
(1)Whether the installed building product is considered
5.3.1, and 5.3.3 in the appropriate sections of the OESR and
inherently non-VOC emitting as defined in 3.2.6;
provide the rationale that human exposure to substances
(2)Whether it contains VOCs but the VOC emissions are
meeting 5.3.3 are considered of low concern in the occupied
below their no significant risk level in the installed building
building using one or more of the options in 7.2.
product;
(3)Whether it is exempt from VOC emissions testing; or
7.2 If a substance meeting 5.3.3 in the installed building
(4)Whether it has not been tested for VOC emissions.
product does not meet either 7.1.1 or 7.1.2, the manufacturer
shall screen the substance using at least one of the methods in
When option (2) is used, the manufacturer shall provide
7.2.1,or 7.2.2,or 7.2.3 and report the appropriate information supporting documentation on the OESR.
on the OESR.
7.2.3.2 If the product was tested for VOC emissions. The
7.2.1 Make a determination whether the substance(s) meet-
manufacturer shall report both:
ing 5.3.3 in the installed building product poses a significant
(1)The total VOC (TVOC) emissions in mg/m using one
risk level in the occupied building based upon screening that
of the four groups: less than 0.5, between 0.5 and 5.0, greater
considers the product form and substance concentration com-
than 5.0, unknown; and
pared to a published no significant risk level. On the OESR,
(2)The protocol and testing method(s) used.
manufacturers shall report the findings of the screening level
NOTE 11—The reporting of VOC information on the OESR should be
for the substance(s) and, if the manufacturer makes a risk
consistent with relevant regulatory requirements of the EPA, the CAAir
statement, the no significant risk value is used. The release of
Resources Board, CA Department of Public Health Standard Method for
the detailed documentation to support this screening informa-
the Testing and Evaluation of Volatile Organic Chemical Emissions from
tion can be subject to the terms of a non-disclosure agreement
Indoor Sources Using Environmental Chambers (19), or the CA South
Coast Air Quality Management Rules. Manufacturers may provide addi-
between the manufacturer and the decision maker.
tional information, including third-party certifications for the installed
NOTE 8—Published risk values are typically reported as an exposure
building product. Chamber emissions testing guidelines are provided by
value,suchasdailyorothertime-basedunitorunitsperbodyweight,that
regulatoryagencies,orstandardpracticesunderUL,NIST,orothertesting
require a calculation to convert them to a concentration value in the
laboratories.
product. The manufacturer may use regulatory, court settlement, judicial
7.2.3.3 Forinstalledbuildingproductscontaininghardwood
decree, safe use determination (SUD), or other documented values to
evaluate the screening values. For example, California Proposition 65
plywood, medium-density fiberboard (MDF, which includes
limitsthehealthhazardtospecificformsofsomesubstances,forexample,
thin-MDF), and particleboard, manufacturers shall report the
silica dioxide as a dust requires a hazard warning but in solution (as in
formaldehyde levels on the OESR using one of the following
paint) it does not. The California Office of Environmental Health Hazard
four options:
Assessment (OEHHA) has adopted regulations that provide guidance for
businessesincalculatingtheirownlevelintheabsenceofanOEHHAsafe (1)Product does not contain added formaldehyde, that is,
harbor level (Title 27, California Code of Regulations, Articles 7 and 8
product is not subject to a formaldehyde regulation;
(15) and Section 25204 Safe Use Determination (16)). Some product
(2)Product meets emission limits for formaldehyde;
manufacturers have published calculations for products, such as di-
(3)Product meets ultra-low emitting formaldehyde resins;
isononylphthalate(DINP)invinylcarpetbacking,styreneinfoodservice,
or
etc.
NOTE 9—The use of the term, safe harbor level, is consistent with the (4)Product is exempt from formaldehyde emission re-
definition for no significant risk.
quirements.
7.2.2 Use a risk screening approach or a higher-level risk
NOTE 12—For formaldehyde in hardwood plywood, medium-density
model. If the manufacturer uses this option, the OESR shall
fiberboard (MDF, which includes thin-MDF), and particleboard products,
contain all of the following:
manufacturers shall report whether the level of emission requirements
7.2.2.1 The name of the screening approach or risk model
meet either:
(1)The U.S. EPA Formaldehyde Emission Standards for Composite
used;
Wood ProductsAct as Title VI to the Toxic Substances ControlAct (20),
7.2.2.2 The scenario modeled;
or
7.2.2.3 Risk value from the model for the scenario;
(2)the California Air Resources Board (CARB) formaldehyde emis-
7.2.2.4 The value used for comparison representing the
sions requirements codified in Title 17 of the California Code of
threshold-derived safe value; and Regulations (21).
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Compliant products to the EPAFormaldehyde Emission Standard will
summary may be disclosed under nondisclosure agreement
be labeled as TSCATitle VI compliant. EPAhas provided for a multiple
between the manufacturer and the decision maker. Confor-
year compliance period.
mance with this practice does not require the public reporting
7.2.3.4 For adhesives and sealants, manufacturers shall
ofanyinformationotherthanthoserequiredtobepublicunder
report whether:
regulatory requirements of the country where the product is
(1)The product meets theVOC requirements of California
manufactured. Manufacturers may choose to publicly disclose
South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD)
any information.
Rule 1168 (22);
9.3 The OESR screening report shall be updated and reis-
(2)The product is exempt or regulations do not apply to
sued every five years. Manufacturers shall update the OESR
this product; or
screening report on an earlier schedule when:
(3)The product’s VOC status is unknown.
9.3.1 Significant changes are made to the building product
7.2.3.5 For architectural coating, manufacturers shall report
composition (substance or concentration); or
whether:
9.3.2 Changes are made to the any of the following:
(1)The installed building product meets the requirements
9.3.2.1 Substance health hazard classifications,
of California Air Resources Board Suggested Control Mea-
9.3.2.2 Hazard statements for substances in the installed
sures (SCM) for Architectural Coatings (23) or SCAQMD
building product,
1113 (24);
9.3.2.3 Major design change of the installed building
(2)The product is exempt, or regulations do not apply; or
product,
(3)The product’s VOC status is unknown.
9.3.2.4 Use or application of the product in an occupied
building change; or
8. Additional Information
9.3.3 Change in manufacturer contact information. If con-
8.1 The manufacturer may provide information on any
tact information is the only update, the manufacturer may
sustainability, environmental programs or other certification
reissue the existing OESR screening report with the revised
programs for the installed building product. For each, the
contact information without a change to any content in the
following information should be included in the OESR:
OESR or to the 5-year schedule.
8.1.1 Type of standard, certification, or program;
9.4 The OESR screening report shall contain the manufac-
8.1.2 The name of certifier (indicate self-declared);
turer’s contact information. The minimal requirement is a:
8.1.3 The certification date; and
9.4.1 Contact name or department,
8.1.4 The number of the certification, if certified by a
9.4.2 Telephone number or e-mail for information on the
third-party certification body.
product, and
9.4.3 Website for the manufacturer of the building product.
9. Verification and Contact Information
9.5 For products having a GHS-compliant SDS, the manu-
9.1 An OESR screening report shall be signed and dated by
facturercontactinformationshouldbeconsistentorastatement
a designated company representative verifying that the infor-
about the differences must be included.
mation contained therein is accurate and current.
10. Keywords
9.2 Themanufacturershouldbeabletoprovidethesupport-
ing information in the OESR screening report, in a summary 10.1 exposure; hazard statement; installed building product
document, to product decision makers who ask. The detailed substancedeclaration,certifications;productcomposition;risk;
calculation, models, and other information supporting the substances; VOC emissions
E3182 − 20
ANNEXES
(Mandatory Information)
A1. HAZARD, EXPOSURE, RISK
A1.1 The term hazard is commonly used in the public mum allowable dose levels; TDI, tolerated daily intake level;
domaintodescribethe dangeror riskassociatedwithaproduct RfC, reference concentration; RfD, reference dose; NSRL, no
or substance during its use. However, hazard is only one significant risk level; and NOEL, no observed effects level.
componentof dangeror risktohumans,ortheenvironment,or
A1.5 Thereareavarietyofexposuremodelsavailablefrom
both. Risk, or danger, includes contact (exposure) between a
a screening level (which use very conservative values to
hazard and humans or the environment (receptor) and the
overestimate exposures) to more refined models based on
associated potential effects. Yet because the term hazard is
information from various use scenarios from which inferences
often used interchangeably with risk, confusion regarding the
are made from human, animal, or the way that the chemical
actualriskasubstanceorproductpresentsoccurswhenhazard
moves in the body (mode of action data). The most rigorous
information is reported separately from exposure.
probabilistic models used by regulators narrow the level of
uncertainty and require scientific experts to adjust factors to
A1.2 Danger and risk embody two scientific principles: (1)
derive reference doses, slope factors, or inhalation unit risk
hazard—the intrinsic characteristics of a substance or
factors: estimates of a concentration per body weight per day
chemical, and (2) exposure—the contact to humans and the
that are considered to be an acceptable dose of a hazardous
environment. A common example is a knife (hazard) when
chemical.
used to cut skin (exposure) causing an adverse effect (a cut) or
a wet floor (hazard) to a running (exposure) person potentially
A1.5.1 Riskisafunctionofhazard×exposureforaspecific
causing a fall (effect).The knife, although hazardous, does not
setofconditions(ascenario).Actionsthatimpacteitherhazard
present risk to a human without use. Assessing risk for a or exposure will impact risk. Risk is expressed as unitless
substance or product involves a process used to evaluate the
valuesrangingfromzero(certaintythatharmwillnotoccur)to
severityofachemicalhazardandthelikelihoodofexposureto one (certainty that harm will occur) using a comparison of the
adverse effects to human health or the environment in defined expected substance exposure from a scenario to a threshold-
exposure scenarios. dependent limit often based on the NOAEL (no observed
adverse effect level) or LOAEL (low observed adverse effect
A1.3 Hazard information identifies the inherent characteris-
level). (See Fig. A1.1).
ticsofanagent(chemicalorsubstance)andisusuallybasedon
A1.5.2 OEHHAhas approved user proposed safe-use deter-
scientific tests of a chemical or substance at high experimental
minations (16) for a number of products, including diisononyl
levelsinavarietyoftesting.Hazardinformationisreportedby
phthalate(DINP)invinylflooring,certainsingle-plypolyvinyl
toxicologicalendpoint,suchascarcinogen,mutagen,reproduc-
chloride roofing membrane products, and other DINPapplica-
tive toxicity (collectively known as CMR), irritation to skin
tions; crystalline silica (for example, in packaged sorptive
(dermal) or inhalation, and other hazard endpoints. Regulatory
mineral-based pet litters, and in interior flat latex paints
agencieshaveissuedlistssuchasthosein5.3.5,anddeveloped
containing 6% crystalline silica, or less, with diatomaceous
frameworks such as the GHS, to report the severity of the
earth as the sole source of crystalline silica). The calculations
hazard in classification categories to users.
used to support the exposure workbooks for specific chemical
applications are outlined in Title 27, California Code of
A1.4 Exposure requires that an agent (chemical or sub-
Regulations, Section 25204 Safe Use Determination (16). In
stance) contact a person or the environment via some contact
these calculations, trade associations or companies, or both,
route (air, water, soil). Human contact is usually by ingestion
will develop the appropriate documentation to support the
(eating or drinking), inhalation (breathing it in), or dermal
specific use of a Proposition 65 listed substance for evaluation
contact (touches the skin). In addition to the route of contact,
of the OEHHA staff.
the duration (how long), magnitude (how much), and fre-
quency(howoften)definetheeffectoftheexposure.Typically,
A1.6 An OESR takes one step to put hazard into context.
the severity of the effect is determined by a chemical’s
Consider the following examples:
physicochemicalandtoxicologicalpropertiesand,asthequan-
A1.6.1 ExampleA—Theparticulate(dust)formofChemical
tity (dose) increases, so does the response. This dose-response
X is labeled as an inhalation hazard based on testing the
relationship can be measured or, more often, modeled. In
particulate(dust)formofthechemical.Inanonspecifichazard
practice,manyregulatorypoliciesincludetheideathatthereis
list,thischemicalislistedasacarcinogen.However,inamore
a dose below which no adverse health effects should result
during a lifetime (concept of de minimis risk). In practice,
regulatory agencies report these no adverse effect levels by a 9
Chemicals that are listed as hazards only in the particulate form include
variety of terms, including safe harbor level; MADL, maxi- titanium dioxide, silica, carbon black, and others.
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Adapted from Arnold et al, Figure 2, Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, 11 May 2017 (18)
FIG. A1.1 Quantitative Screening-Level Approach to Incorporate Chemical Exposure and Risk into Assessment Evaluations
sophisticated hazard list, the chemical is listed as a carcinogen required to report its presence using warning labeling and
only in the particulate form. When this chemical is part of a language to notify users of the potential for adverse effects. If
product and is not present as a particulate, there is no hazard. this chemical is below this threshold level, the regulatory
10 agency does not expect adverse effects. Notification is not
A1.6.2 Example B—Chemical Y has a threshold level
required because no adverse effects are expected.
determined by regulatory agencies. When Chemical Y is
present in a product above this level, manufacturers are
A1.6.3 Example C—Chemical Z is present in a mixture or
alloy. It is bound into the matrix of the product and cannot be
10 released.Thus,thereislittlepossibilityforhumancontact.The
Proposition 65 and GHS are examples of notification requirements to alert
users that a chemical is above a “safe level.” identity is reported in 5.3, and 7.1.1.
A2. INFORMATION REQUIRED FOR OTHER DISCLOSURE DOCUMENTS TO
CONFORM TO THIS PRACTICE
A2.1 For compliance with this practice, manufacturers can A2.2.4 All of Section 9.
use a variety of reporting formats. If the manufacturer chooses A2.2.4.1 However,atthetimeofthispractice,nodisclosure
to use an existing disclosure document, the manufacturer or reporting programs are known to contain information on
should check to see that the information contained in this occupant exposure and possible risk from installed building
practice is included. (See Fig. A2.1.) products in the occupied building.
A2.2 Thisannexassumesthatexistingreportinganddisclo- A2.3 To conform existing documents to this practice, the
sure programs contain certain information, such as: manufacturerneedstoprovidethefollowinginformationeither
within the existing reporting or disclosure document or by
A2.2.1 Information in 5.2 (for example, product name and
6 6
adding a supplemental document addressing:
description; CSI MasterFormat number (4)), etc.;
A2.3.1 Subsections 5.3.3, 5.3.4, and 5.3.5.
A2.2.2 List of substances and their hazard classification
(5.3). A2.3.2 Section 6.
A2.2.3 Most of Section 8. A2.3.3 Section 7.
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FIG. A2.1 Information Required for Other Disclosure Documents to Conform to this Practice
A2.3.4 If the update schedule for the other reporting pro- program. However, if 9.3.1 or 9.3.2 under 9.3 apply, the
gram differs from 9.3, the manufacturer can make updates manufacturer should update this information earlier.
based on either the 5-year update schedule or that of the other
APPENDIXES
(Nonmandatory Information)
X1. RATIONALE
X1.1 Manufacturersofbuildingproductsarebeingaskedto California Proposition 65. This practice outlines a report that:
disclose information on the substances in their products and to
X1.1.1 Provides specifiers with a list of substances in an
declare if there are any potential risks to occupant human
installed building product,
health from the substances contained in installed building
X1.1.2 Helps specifiers know whether any substances are
products. Increasingly, specifiers seek information on building
present in building products at levels requiring a warning to
productsandtheirattributestoensuretheyandtheirclientsare
building occupants when installed in a building, and
well informed when making product choices. An Occupant
Exposure Screening Report (OESR) provides composition
X1.1.3 Provides additional information on building prod-
information for installed building products to assist the deci-
ucts frequently requested by specifiers. The resulting practice
sion maker in assessing risk. Broadly, risk assessment means
is not intended to address potential social issues that may be
lookingnotonlyatthehazardasubstancemaypresentbutalso
associated with an installed building product.
at the potential for exposure to the substance. In doing so, the
user can determine whether precautions need to be taken. The X1.2 A flow chart for the preparation of the Occupant
risk assessment in this practice is based on the requirements Exposure Screening Report for Substances in Installed Build-
established by hazardous communication regulations and by ing Products is shown in Fig. X1.1.
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FIG. X1.1 OESR Flow Diagram
X2. SAMPLE FORM
X2.1 Manufacturers shall report all the following informa- example reporting tables in this appendix.
tion using an appropriate format. This information may be
X2.4 TableX2.1providesanoverviewofpossibletablesfor
providedinthisformatorincorporatedintoanotherdocument.
reporting. Manufacturers may choose to add one or more of
X2.2 If another document or format is used, manufacturers
these example tables to an existing declaration or to use
should provide the section number of this practice to allow
another format that incorporates the information into the
decision makers and certifiers to cross reference the required
existing declaration. Manufacturers who do not have an exist-
information to that document.
ing declaration may find these example tables useful in
reporting information in conformance with this practice.
X2.3 To assist the user, Fig. X2.1 and Table X2.1 provide a
cross reference between the sections of this practice with the
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FIG. X2.1 Reporting Flow of Sections 5, 6, and 7
TABLE X2.1 Overview of Example Reporting for this Practice
Section of
Table Number/Name Note
Practice
Table
...