ASTM D2386-01
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Freezing Point of Aviation Fuels
Standard Test Method for Freezing Point of Aviation Fuels
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the temperature below which solid hydrocarbon crystals may form in aviation turbine fuels and aviation gasoline.
Note 1—The interlaboratory program that generated the precisions for this test method did not include aviation gasoline.
1.2 The values stated in acceptable metric units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements see 5.4, Section 6, and 7.2
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
An American National Standard
Designation: D 2386 – 01
Standard Test Method for
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Freezing Point of Aviation Fuels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2386; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This test method has been approved by the sponsoring committees and accepted by the Cooperating Societies in accordance with
established procedures.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope hydrocarbon crystals, formed on cooling, disappear when the
temperature of the fuel is allowed to rise.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the tem-
perature below which solid hydrocarbon crystals may form in
4. Significance and Use
aviation turbine fuels and aviation gasoline.
4.1 The freezing point of an aviation fuel is the lowest
NOTE 1—The interlaboratory program that generated the precisions for
temperature at which the fuel remains free of solid hydrocar-
this test method did not include aviation gasoline.
bon crystals that can restrict the flow of fuel through filters if
1.2 The values stated in acceptable metric units are to be
present in the fuel system of the aircraft. The temperature of the
regarded as the standard.
fuel in the aircraft tank normally falls during flight depending
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
on aircraft speed, altitude, and flight duration. The freezing
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
point of the fuel must always be lower than the minimum
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
operational tank temperature.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.2 Freezing point is a requirement in Specifications D 910
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
and D 1655.
statements see 5.4, Section 6, and 7.2.
5. Apparatus
2. Referenced Documents
5.1 Jacketed Sample Tube—A double-walled, unsilvered
2.1 ASTM Standards:
vessel, similar to a Dewar flask, the space between the inner
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D 910 Specification for Aviation Gasolines
and outer tube walls being filled at atmospheric pressure with
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D 1655 Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
dry nitrogen or air. The mouth of the sample tube shall be
D 3117 Test Method for Wax Appearance Point of Distillate
closed with a stopper supporting the thermometer and
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Fuels
moisture-proof collar through which the stirrer passes (Fig. 1).
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E 1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers
5.2 Collars—Moisture-proof collars as shown in Fig. 2
E 77 Test Method for Inspection and Verification of Ther-
shall be used to prevent condensation of moisture.
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mometers
5.3 Stirrer—Shall be made of 1.6-mm brass rod bent into a
2.2 IP Standard:
smooth three-loop spiral at the bottom.
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IP Standards for Petroleum and Its Products, Part 1
NOTE 2—The stirrer may be mechanically actuated as described in the
apparatus section of Test Method D 3117.
3. Terminology
5.4 Vacuum Flask—An unsilvered vacuum flask
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
(Warning— Implosion hazard.) having the minimum dimen-
3.1.1 freezing point—the fuel temperature at which solid
sions shown in Fig. 1 shall be used to hold an adequate volume
of cooling liquid and permit the necessary depth of immersion
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
of the jacketed sample tube.
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
5.5 Thermometer—A total immersion type, having a range
D02.07 on Flow Properties.
from −80 to +20°C, designated as ASTM No. 114C/IP No.
Current edition approved Aug. 10, 2001. Published September 2001. Originally
14C. (See Specification E 1, or Appendix A, IP Standard
published as D 2386 – 65 T. Last previous edition D 2386 – 97.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
Thermometers, Volume 2, IP Standard Methods for Analysis
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.03.
and Testing of Petroleum and Related Products.)
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Available from: Institute of Petroleum, 61 New Cavendish Street, London,
W1M 8AR, U.K.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D 2386
FIG. 1 Freezing Point Apparatus
NOTE 3—The accuracy of this thermometer is to be checked in NOTE 4— Carbon dioxide (solid) and liquid nitrogen liberate gasses
accordance with Test M
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