ASTM D910-21
(Specification)Standard Specification for Leaded Aviation Gasolines
Standard Specification for Leaded Aviation Gasolines
ABSTRACT
This specification covers purchases of aviation gasoline under contract and is intended primarily for use by purchasing agencies. This specification does not include all gasoline satisfactory for reciprocating aviation engines, but rather, defines the following specific types of aviation gasoline for civil use: Grade 80; Grade 91; Grade 100; and Grade 100LL. The gasoline shall adhere to octane rating requirements specified for individual grades, as follows: lean mixture knock value (motor octane number and aviation lean rating); rich mixture knock value (octane and performance number); tetraethyl lead content; color; and dye content (blue, yellow, red, and orange). Conversely, the gasoline shall meet the following requirements specified for all grades: density; distillation (initial and final boiling points, fuel evaporated, evaporated temperatures); recovery, residue, and loss volume; vapor pressure; freezing point; sulfur content; net heat of combustion; copper strip corrosion; oxidation stability (potential gum and lead precipitate); volume change during water reaction; and electrical conductivity.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers formulating specifications for purchases of aviation gasoline under contract and is intended primarily for use by purchasing agencies.
1.2 This specification defines specific types of aviation gasolines for civil use. It does not include all gasolines satisfactory for reciprocating aviation engines. Certain equipment or conditions of use may permit a wider, or require a narrower, range of characteristics than is shown by this specification.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:D910 −21
Standard Specification for
1
Leaded Aviation Gasolines
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D910; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
3
1. Scope* Replaced by D2700 (Withdrawn 1969)
D381Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evapo-
1.1 This specification covers formulating specifications for
ration
purchases of aviation gasoline under contract and is intended
D614Method of Test for Knock Characteristics of Aviation
primarily for use by purchasing agencies.
Fuels by the Aviation Method; Replaced by D2700
3
1.2 This specification defines specific types of aviation
(Withdrawn 1970)
gasolines for civil use. It does not include all gasolines
D873Test Method for Oxidation Stability ofAviation Fuels
satisfactory for reciprocating aviation engines. Certain equip-
(Potential Residue Method)
ment or conditions of use may permit a wider, or require a
D909TestMethodforSuperchargeRatingofSpark-Ignition
narrower, range of characteristics than is shown by this
Aviation Gasoline
specification.
D1094Test Method for Water Reaction of Aviation Fuels
D1266TestMethodforSulfurinPetroleumProducts(Lamp
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this Method)
D1298Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API
standard.
Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Prod-
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
ucts by Hydrometer Method
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
D1948Method of Test for Knock Characteristics of Motor
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Fuels Above 100 Octane Number by the Motor Method;
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3
Replaced by D2700 (Withdrawn 1968)
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
D2386Test Method for Freezing Point of Aviation Fuels
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
D2392Test Method for Color of Dyed Aviation Gasolines
D2622Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by
2. Referenced Documents
Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D2624Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity ofAviation
D86Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and
and Distillate Fuels
Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure
D2700Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-
D93Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens
Ignition Engine Fuel
Closed Cup Tester
D3338Test Method for Estimation of Net Heat of Combus-
D130Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petro-
tion of Aviation Fuels
leum Products by Copper Strip Test
D3341Test Method for Lead in Gasoline—Iodine Mono-
D323TestMethodforVaporPressureofPetroleumProducts
chloride Method
(Reid Method)
D4052Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API
D357Method of Test for Knock Characteristics of Motor
Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
Fuels Below 100 Octane Number by the Motor Method;
D4057Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
Petroleum Products
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
D4171Specification for Fuel System Icing Inhibitors
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
D4177Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
Subcommittee D02.J0.02 on Aviation Piston Engine Fuels.
Petroleum Products
Current edition approved May 1, 2021. Published June 2021. Originally
D4306Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for
approved in 1947 (replacing former D615). Last previous edition approved in 2020
as D910 – 20a. DOI: 10.1520/D0910-21.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D910−21
NOTE 2—Listing of, and requirements for, Avgas Grades 91/98,
Tests Affected by Trace Contamination
108/135, and 115/145 appeared in the 1967 version
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D910 − 20a D910 − 21 An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
1
Leaded Aviation Gasolines
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D910; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers formulating specifications for purchases of aviation gasoline under contract and is intended primarily
for use by purchasing agencies.
1.2 This specification defines specific types of aviation gasolines for civil use. It does not include all gasolines satisfactory for
reciprocating aviation engines. Certain equipment or conditions of use may permit a wider, or require a narrower, range of
characteristics than is shown by this specification.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure
D93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip Test
D323 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Reid Method)
D357 Method of Test for Knock Characteristics of Motor Fuels Below 100 Octane Number by the Motor Method; Replaced by
3
D 2700 (Withdrawn 1969)
D381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evaporation
D614 Method of Test for Knock Characteristics of Aviation Fuels by the Aviation Method; Replaced by D 2700 (Withdrawn
3
1970)
D873 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Aviation Fuels (Potential Residue Method)
D909 Test Method for Supercharge Rating of Spark-Ignition Aviation Gasoline
D1094 Test Method for Water Reaction of Aviation Fuels
D1266 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (Lamp Method)
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.J0.02 on Spark and Compression Ignition Aviation Engine Fuels.
Current edition approved July 1, 2020May 1, 2021. Published August 2020June 2021. Originally approved in 1947 (replacing former D615). Last previous edition
approved in 2020 as D910 – 20.20a. DOI: 10.1520/D0910-20A.10.1520/D0910-21.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D910 − 21
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by
Hydrometer Method
D1948 Method of Test for Knock Characteristics of Motor Fuels Above 100 Octane Number by the Motor Method; Replaced
3
by D 2700 (Withdrawn 1968)
D2386 Test Method for Freezing Point of Aviation Fuels
D2392 Test Method for Color of Dyed Aviation Gasolines
D2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
D2624 Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity of Aviation and Distillate Fuels
D2700 Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
D3338 Test Method for Estimation of Net Heat of Combustion of Aviation Fuels
D3341 Test Method for Lead in Gasoline—Iodine Monochloride Method
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4171 Specification for Fuel System Icing Inhibitors
D4177 Pr
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D910 − 21
Standard Specification for
1
Leaded Aviation Gasolines
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D910; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
3
1. Scope* Replaced by D 2700 (Withdrawn 1969)
D381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evapo-
1.1 This specification covers formulating specifications for
ration
purchases of aviation gasoline under contract and is intended
D614 Method of Test for Knock Characteristics of Aviation
primarily for use by purchasing agencies.
Fuels by the Aviation Method; Replaced by D 2700
1.2 This specification defines specific types of aviation 3
(Withdrawn 1970)
gasolines for civil use. It does not include all gasolines
D873 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Aviation Fuels
satisfactory for reciprocating aviation engines. Certain equip-
(Potential Residue Method)
ment or conditions of use may permit a wider, or require a
D909 Test Method for Supercharge Rating of Spark-Ignition
narrower, range of characteristics than is shown by this
Aviation Gasoline
specification.
D1094 Test Method for Water Reaction of Aviation Fuels
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as D1266 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (Lamp
Method)
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard. D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API
Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Prod-
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
ucts by Hydrometer Method
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
D1948 Method of Test for Knock Characteristics of Motor
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Fuels Above 100 Octane Number by the Motor Method;
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3
Replaced by D 2700 (Withdrawn 1968)
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
D2386 Test Method for Freezing Point of Aviation Fuels
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
D2392 Test Method for Color of Dyed Aviation Gasolines
D2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by
2. Referenced Documents
2 Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D2624 Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity of Aviation
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and
and Distillate Fuels
Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure
D2700 Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-
D93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens
Ignition Engine Fuel
Closed Cup Tester
D3338 Test Method for Estimation of Net Heat of Combus-
D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petro-
tion of Aviation Fuels
leum Products by Copper Strip Test
D3341 Test Method for Lead in Gasoline—Iodine Mono-
D323 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products
chloride Method
(Reid Method)
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API
D357 Method of Test for Knock Characteristics of Motor
Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
Fuels Below 100 Octane Number by the Motor Method;
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
Petroleum Products
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on D4171 Specification for Fuel System Icing Inhibitors
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
Subcommittee D02.J0.02 on Aviation Piston Engine Fuels.
Petroleum Products
Current edition approved May 1, 2021. Published June 2021. Originally
D4306 Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for
approved in 1947 (replacing former D615). Last previous edition approved in 2020
as D910 – 20a. DOI: 10.1520/D0910-21.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D910 − 21
NOTE 2—Listing of, and requirements for, Avgas Grades 91/98,
Tests Affected by Trace Contamination
108/135, and 115/145 appeared in the 1967 version of this specification.
D4529 Test Method for Estimation of Net Heat of Combus-
U.S. Milit
...
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