ASTM D3479/D3479M-12

Standard Test Method for Tension-Tension Fatigue of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is designed to yield tensile fatigue data for material specifications, research and development, quality assurance, and structural design and analysis. The primary test result is the fatigue life of the test specimen under a specific loading and environmental condition. Replicate tests may be used to obtain a distribution of fatigue life for specific material types, laminate stacking sequences, environments, and loading conditions. Guidance in statistical analysis of fatigue life data, such as determination of linearized stress life (S-N) or strain-life (ε-N) curves, can be found in Practice E739.  
5.2 This test method can be utilized in the study of fatigue damage in a polymer matrix composite such as the occurrence of microscopic cracks, fiber fractures, or delaminations.3 The specimen's residual strength or stiffness, or both, may change due to these damage mechanisms. The loss in stiffness may be quantified by discontinuing cyclic loading at selected cycle intervals to obtain the quasi-static axial stress-strain curve using modulus determination procedures found in Test Method D3039/D3039M. The loss in strength associated with fatigue damage may be determined by discontinuing cyclic loading to obtain the static strength using Test Method D3039/D3039M. Note 1—This test method may be used as a guide to conduct tension-tension variable amplitude loading. This information can be useful in the understanding of fatigue behavior of composite structures under spectrum loading conditions, but is not covered in this test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the fatigue behavior of polymer matrix composite materials subjected to tensile cyclic loading. The composite material forms are limited to continuous-fiber or discontinuous-fiber reinforced composites for which the elastic properties are specially orthotropic with respect to the test direction. This test method is limited to unnotched test specimens subjected to constant amplitude uniaxial in-plane loading where the loading is defined in terms of a test control parameter.  
1.2 This test method presents two procedures where each defines a different test control parameter.  
1.2.1 Procedure A—A system in which the test control parameter is the load (stress) and the machine is controlled so that the test specimen is subjected to repetitive constant amplitude load cycles. In this procedure, the test control parameter may be described using either engineering stress or applied load as a constant amplitude fatigue variable.  
1.2.2 Procedure B—A system in which the test control parameter is the strain in the loading direction and the machine is controlled so that the test specimen is subjected to repetitive constant amplitude strain cycles. In this procedure, the test control parameter may be described using engineering strain in the loading direction as a constant amplitude fatigue variable.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Jul-2012
• ICS: 83.140.20 - Laminated sheets
• Technical Committee: D30 - Composite Materials
• Drafting Committee: D30.04 - Lamina and Laminate Test Methods

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D3479/D3479M − 12
Standard Test Method for
Tension-Tension Fatigue of Polymer Matrix Composite
1
Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3479/D3479M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1 This test method determines the fatigue behavior of
polymer matrix composite materials subjected to tensile cyclic
2. Referenced Documents
loading. The composite material forms are limited to
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
continuous-fiber or discontinuous-fiber reinforced composites
D883Terminology Relating to Plastics
for which the elastic properties are specially orthotropic with
D3039/D3039MTestMethodforTensilePropertiesofPoly-
respect to the test direction. This test method is limited to
mer Matrix Composite Materials
unnotched test specimens subjected to constant amplitude
D3878Terminology for Composite Materials
uniaxial in-plane loading where the loading is defined in terms
D5229/D5229MTestMethodforMoistureAbsorptionProp-
of a test control parameter.
erties and Equilibrium Conditioning of Polymer Matrix
1.2 This test method presents two procedures where each
Composite Materials
defines a different test control parameter.
E4Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
1.2.1 Procedure A—A system in which the test control
E6Terminology Relating to Methods of MechanicalTesting
parameter is the load (stress) and the machine is controlled so
E83Practice for Verification and Classification of Exten-
that the test specimen is subjected to repetitive constant
someter Systems
amplitude load cycles. In this procedure, the test control
E122PracticeforCalculatingSampleSizetoEstimate,With
parameter may be described using either engineering stress or
Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a
applied load as a constant amplitude fatigue variable.
Lot or Process
1.2.2 Procedure B—A system in which the test control
E177Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
parameteristhestrainintheloadingdirectionandthemachine
ASTM Test Methods
is controlled so that the test specimen is subjected to repetitive
E456Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
constant amplitude strain cycles. In this procedure, the test
E467Practice for Verification of Constant Amplitude Dy-
controlparametermaybedescribedusingengineeringstrainin
namic Forces in an Axial Fatigue Testing System
the loading direction as a constant amplitude fatigue variable.
E739PracticeforStatisticalAnalysisofLinearorLinearized
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
Stress-Life (S-N) and Strain-Life (ε-N) Fatigue Data
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
E1012Practice for Verification of Testing Frame and Speci-
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
men Alignment Under Tensile and Compressive Axial
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
Force Application
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
E1823TerminologyRelatingtoFatigueandFractureTesting
with the standard.
3. Terminology
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1 Definitions—Terminology D3878 defines terms relating
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
to high-modulus fibers and their composites. Terminology
E1823 defines terms relating to fatigue. Terminology D883
definestermsrelatingtoplastics.TerminologyE6definesterms
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D30 on
Composite Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D30.04 on
2
Lamina and Laminate Test Methods. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2012. Published January 2013. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D3479/D3479M–96 Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
(2007). DOI: 10.1520/D3479_D3479M-12. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3479/D3479M − 12
relating to mechanical testing. Terminology E456 and Practice 3.3.1 S (or ε )—the value of stress (or strain) corre-
max max
E177 defi
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3479/D3479M − 96 (Reapproved 2007) D3479/D3479M − 12
Standard Test Method for
Tension-Tension Fatigue of Polymer Matrix Composite
1
Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3479/D3479M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method determines the fatigue behavior of polymer matrix composite materials subjected to tensile cyclic loading.
The composite material forms are limited to continuous-fiber or discontinuous-fiber reinforced composites for which the elastic
properties are specially orthotropic with respect to the test direction. This test method is limited to unnotched test specimens
subjected to constant amplitude uniaxial in-plane loading where the loading is defined in terms of a test control parameter.
1.2 This test method presents two procedures where each defines a different test control parameter.
1.2.1 Procedure A—A system in which the test control parameter is the load (stress) and the machine is controlled so that the
test specimen is subjected to repetitive constant amplitude load cycles. In this procedure, the test control parameter may be
described using either engineering stress or applied load as a constant amplitude fatigue variable.
1.2.2 Procedure B—A system in which the test control parameter is the strain in the loading direction and the machine is
controlled so that the test specimen is subjected to repetitive constant amplitude strain cycles. In this procedure, the test control
parameter may be described using engineering strain in the loading direction as a constant amplitude fatigue variable.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text the
inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system aremay not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system
mustshall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with thisthe
standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D3039/D3039M Test Method for Tensile Properties of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials
D3878 Terminology for Composite Materials
D5229/D5229M Test Method for Moisture Absorption Properties and Equilibrium Conditioning of Polymer Matrix Composite
Materials
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
E83 Practice for Verification and Classification of Extensometer Systems
E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate, With Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a Lot or
Process
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
E467 Practice for Verification of Constant Amplitude Dynamic Forces in an Axial Fatigue Testing System
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D30 on Composite Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D30.04 on Lamina and
Laminate Test Methods.
Current edition approved May 1, 2007Aug. 1, 2012. Published June 2007January 2013. Originally approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 20022007 as
ε1
D3479/D3479M – 96 (2002)(2007). . DOI: 10.1520/D3479_D3479M-96R07.10.1520/D3479_D3479M-12.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3479/D3479M − 12
E739 Practice for Statistical Analysis of Linear or Linearized Stress-Life (S-N) and Strain-Life (ε-N) Fatigue Data
E1012 Practice for Verification of Testing Frame and Specimen
...