ASTM A416/A416M-18
(Specification)Standard Specification for Low-Relaxation, Seven-Wire Steel Strand for Prestressed Concrete
Standard Specification for Low-Relaxation, Seven-Wire Steel Strand for Prestressed Concrete
ABSTRACT
This specification deals with the standard types and grade requirements of seven-wire, uncoated steel strands for use in the construction of pre-tensioned and post-tensioned pre-stressed concrete. The two types of strand are low-relaxation and stress-relieved (normal relaxation). The base metal shall be made of carbon steel and shall undergo stranding and continuous thermal and mechanical treatment. Mechanical testing methods shall be performed to determine the breaking strength, yield strength, elongation, and stress relaxation properties wherein the strand shall conform to the required mechanical attributes of the product. Final products shall be furnished on reels or in reelless packs for packaging and marked with two strong tags for identification. The requirements specified herein shall also be applicable for pre-stressed ground anchor construction.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers two grades of low-relaxation, seven-wire steel strand for use in prestressed concrete construction. Grade 250 [1725] and Grade 270 [1860] have minimum tensile strengths of 250 ksi [1725 MPa] and 270 ksi [1860 MPa], respectively, based on the nominal area of the strand.
1.2 A supplementary requirement (S1) is provided for use where bond strength testing of 0.600-in. [15.24-mm] diameter Grade 270 [1860] strand for applications in prestressed ground anchors is required by the purchaser. The supplementary requirement applies only when specified in the purchase order.
1.3 The text of this specification contains notes or footnotes, or both, that provide explanatory material. Such notes and footnotes do not contain any mandatory information.
1.4 This specification is applicable for orders in either inch-pound units (as Specification A416) or in SI units (as Specification A416M).
1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the specification.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:A416/A416M −18
Standard Specification for
Low-Relaxation, Seven-Wire Steel Strand for Prestressed
1
Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA416/A416M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This specification covers two grades of low-relaxation,
A981/A981MTestMethodforEvaluatingBondStrengthfor
seven-wire steel strand for use in prestressed concrete con-
0.600-in. [15.24-mm] Diameter Steel Prestressing Strand,
struction. Grade 250 [1725] and Grade 270 [1860] have
Grade 270 [1860], Uncoated, Used in Prestressed Ground
minimum tensile strengths of 250 ksi [1725 MPa] and 270 ksi
Anchors
[1860 MPa], respectively, based on the nominal area of the
A1061/A1061MTest Methods for Testing Multi-Wire Steel
strand.
Prestressing Strand
3
1.2 A supplementary requirement (S1) is provided for use
2.2 U.S. Military Standard:
where bond strength testing of 0.600-in. [15.24-mm] diameter
MIL-STD-129Marking for Shipment and Storage
3
Grade 270 [1860] strand for applications in prestressed ground
2.3 U.S. Federal Standard:
anchors is required by the purchaser. The supplementary
Fed.Std.No.123 Marking for Shipments (Civil Agencies)
requirement applies only when specified in the purchase order.
3. Terminology
1.3 Thetextofthisspecificationcontainsnotesorfootnotes,
3.1 Definition of Term Specific to This Specification:
or both, that provide explanatory material. Such notes and
3.1.1 lay length, n—the axial distance required to make one
footnotes do not contain any mandatory information.
complete revolution of any outer wire of a strand.
1.4 This specification is applicable for orders in either
3.1.2 strand, n—a group of wires having a center wire
inch-pound units (as Specification A416) or in SI units (as
enclosed tightly by six helically placed outer wires.
Specification A416M).
3.1.2.1 Discussion—The direction of lay is either right-
handed or left-handed.
1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
3.1.3 strand splice, n—a production connection between
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
two separate lengths of strand never intended to carry pre-
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system
stressing loads.
shall be used independently of the other. Combining values
3.1.4 wire weld, n—a resistance butt-weld joining two
from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the
separatelengthsofwireafterwiredrawingandbeforethewire
specification.
is formed into strand.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
4. Ordering Information
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the 4.1 Orders for low-relaxation seven-wire steel strand under
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- this specification shall contain the following information:
4.1.1 Quantity (feet [metres]),
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. 4.1.2 Nominal diameter of strand (inches [millimetres]),
4.1.3 Grade of strand, and
1 2
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel, For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
A01.05 on Steel Reinforcement. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2018. Published January 2019. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as A416/A416M–17a. Available from DLA Document Services, Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Ave.,
DOI: 10.1520/A0416_A0416M-18. Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, http://quicksearch.dla.mil.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A416/A416M−18
TABLE 1 Breaking Strength Requirements
4.2.3 Whether strand splices are permitted (8.1.1),
Minimum Breaking Weight [Mass] of 4.2.4 Weldless strand (8.2.2),
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A416/A416M − 17a A416/A416M − 18
Standard Specification for
Low-Relaxation, Seven-Wire Steel Strand for Prestressed
1
Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A416/A416M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers two grades of low-relaxation, seven-wire steel strand for use in prestressed concrete construction.
Grade 250 [1725] and Grade 270 [1860] have minimum tensile strengths of 250 ksi [1725 MPa] and 270 ksi [1860 MPa],
respectively, based on the nominal area of the strand.
1.2 A supplementary requirement (S1) is provided for use where bond strength testing of 0.600-in. [15.24-mm] diameter Grade
270 [1860] strand for applications in prestressed ground anchors is required by the purchaser. The supplementary requirement
applies only when specified in the purchase order.
1.3 The text of this specification contains notes or footnotes, or both, that provide explanatory material. Such notes and
footnotes do not contain any mandatory information.
1.4 This specification is applicable for orders in either inch-pound units (as Specification A416) or in SI units (as Specification
A416M).
1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units
are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used
independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the specification.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A981/A981M Test Method for Evaluating Bond Strength for 0.600-in. [15.24-mm] Diameter Steel Prestressing Strand, Grade
270 [1860], Uncoated, Used in Prestressed Ground Anchors
A1061/A1061M Test Methods for Testing Multi-Wire Steel Prestressing Strand
3
2.2 U.S. Military Standard:
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
3
2.3 U.S. Federal Standard:
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipments (Civil Agencies)
3. Terminology
3.1 Definition of Term Specific to This Specification:
3.1.1 lay length, n—the axial distance required to make one complete revolution of any outer wire of a strand.
3.1.2 strand, n—a group of wires having a center wire enclosed tightly by six helically placed outer wires with uniform pitch
of not less than 12 and not more than 16 times the nominal diameter of the strand.wires.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.05
on Steel Reinforcement.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2017Dec. 1, 2018. Published December 2017January 2019. Originally approved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as
A416/A416M – 17.A416/A416M – 17a. DOI: 10.1520/A0416_A0416M-17A.10.1520/A0416_A0416M-18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from DLA Document Services, Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, http://quicksearch.dla.mil.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A416/A416M − 18
3.1.2.1 Discussion—
The direction of lay is either right-handed or left-handed.
3.1.3 strand splice, n—a production connection between two separate lengths of strand never intended to carry prestressing
loads.
3.1.4 wire weld, n—a resistance butt-weld joining two separate lengths of wire after wire drawing and before the wire is formed
into strand.
4. Ordering Information
4.1 Orders for low-relaxation seven-wire steel s
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: A416/A416M − 18
Standard Specification for
Low-Relaxation, Seven-Wire Steel Strand for Prestressed
1
Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A416/A416M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This specification covers two grades of low-relaxation,
A981/A981M Test Method for Evaluating Bond Strength for
seven-wire steel strand for use in prestressed concrete con-
0.600-in. [15.24-mm] Diameter Steel Prestressing Strand,
struction. Grade 250 [1725] and Grade 270 [1860] have
Grade 270 [1860], Uncoated, Used in Prestressed Ground
minimum tensile strengths of 250 ksi [1725 MPa] and 270 ksi
Anchors
[1860 MPa], respectively, based on the nominal area of the
A1061/A1061M Test Methods for Testing Multi-Wire Steel
strand.
Prestressing Strand
3
1.2 A supplementary requirement (S1) is provided for use
2.2 U.S. Military Standard:
where bond strength testing of 0.600-in. [15.24-mm] diameter
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
3
Grade 270 [1860] strand for applications in prestressed ground
2.3 U.S. Federal Standard:
anchors is required by the purchaser. The supplementary
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipments (Civil Agencies)
requirement applies only when specified in the purchase order.
3. Terminology
1.3 The text of this specification contains notes or footnotes,
3.1 Definition of Term Specific to This Specification:
or both, that provide explanatory material. Such notes and
3.1.1 lay length, n—the axial distance required to make one
footnotes do not contain any mandatory information.
complete revolution of any outer wire of a strand.
1.4 This specification is applicable for orders in either
3.1.2 strand, n—a group of wires having a center wire
inch-pound units (as Specification A416) or in SI units (as
enclosed tightly by six helically placed outer wires.
Specification A416M).
3.1.2.1 Discussion—The direction of lay is either right-
handed or left-handed.
1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
3.1.3 strand splice, n—a production connection between
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
two separate lengths of strand never intended to carry pre-
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system
stressing loads.
shall be used independently of the other. Combining values
3.1.4 wire weld, n—a resistance butt-weld joining two
from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the
separate lengths of wire after wire drawing and before the wire
specification.
is formed into strand.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
4. Ordering Information
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the 4.1 Orders for low-relaxation seven-wire steel strand under
this specification shall contain the following information:
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical 4.1.1 Quantity (feet [metres]),
4.1.2 Nominal diameter of strand (inches [millimetres]),
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4.1.3 Grade of strand, and
1 2
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
A01.05 on Steel Reinforcement. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2018. Published January 2019. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as A416/A416M – 17a. Available from DLA Document Services, Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Ave.,
DOI: 10.1520/A0416_A0416M-18. Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, http://quicksearch.dla.mil.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A416/A416M − 18
TABLE 1 Breaking Strength Requirements
4.2.3 Whether strand splices are permitted (8.1.1),
Minimum Breaking Weight [Mass] of 4.2.4 Weldless strand (8.2.2),
Nominal Diameter Steel Area of
Strength of Strand lb/1000 ft
2 2
4.2.5 Requirements for outside inspec
...
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