ASTM D6811-02

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Thermal Stability of Aviation Turbine Fuels under Turbulent Flow Conditions (HiReTS Method)^{1, 2}

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The thermal stresses experienced by aviation fuel in modern jet engines may lead to the formation of undesirable and possibly harmful insoluble materials, such as lacquers, on heat exchangers and control surfaces, that reduce efficiency and require extra maintenance.
Aircraft fuel systems operate mainly under turbulent flow conditions. Most large-scale realistic test rigs operate in the turbulent flow regime but fuel volumes are very large and test times are very long.
This test method tests fuel under turbulent flow (high Reynolds number) conditions, and it gives a quantitative result under standard operating conditions of 65 or 125 min. Continuous analysis of results during the test allows performance of the fuel to be monitored in real time thus enabling the test time to be reduced manually or automatically, if required.
The results of this test method are not expected to correlate with existing test methods for all fuels, since the test methods and operating conditions are different (see Appendix X2).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a laboratory thermal process, using a specified apparatus for measuring the tendencies of aviation turbine fuels to deposit insoluble materials and decomposition products, such as lacquers, within a fuel system. This test method provides a quantitative result for fuel under turbulent flow conditions in 65 or 125 min.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Jun-2002
• ICS: 75.100 - Lubricants, industrial oils and related products
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.14 - Stability, Cleanliness and Compatibility of Liquid Fuels

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D6811-02(2007) - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Thermal Stability of Aviation Turbine Fuels under Turbulent Flow Conditions (HiReTS Method) <a href="#fn00002"></a>
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2007

Standards Content (Sample)

An American National Standard
Designation: D 6811 – 02
Designation: 482/02
Standard Test Method for
Measurement of Thermal Stability of Aviation Turbine Fuels
1,2
under Turbulent Flow Conditions (HiReTS Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6811; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope a predefined constant fuel exit temperature.
3
3.1.2 deposits, n—oxidative products, such as lacquers, laid
1.1 This test method covers a laboratory thermal process,
down predominantly at the fuel exit end (hottest), on the inside
using a specified apparatus for measuring the tendencies of
of the heated capillary tube.
aviation turbine fuels to deposit insoluble materials and de-
3.1.3 HiReTS, n—high Reynolds number thermal stability.
composition products, such as lacquers, within a fuel system.
3.1.4 HiReTS Peak (P) number and Total (T) number,
This test method provides a quantitative result for fuel under
n—the quantitative results of the test.
turbulent flow conditions in 65 or 125 min.
3.1.5 tubeways, n—plastic and metal tubes through which
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
fuel flows during cleaning and the test.
standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4. Summary of Test Method
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.1 Fuel is pumped, at pressure, through an electrically
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
heated capillary tube at a constant rate. The heating of the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
capillary tube is controlled to maintain a constant fuel tem-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
perature of 290 6 3°C at the exit of the capillary tube. A flow
2. Referenced Documents rate of greater than 20 mL/min and the specified capillary bore
of less than 0.300 mm ensures that turbulent flow is maintained
2.1 ASTM Standards:
(see Appendix X1) within the capillary. The formation of
D 4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
4 lacquers and fuel degradation products act as a thermal
Petroleum Products
insulator between the cooler fuel and hotter capillary tube,
D 4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
4
resulting in an increase in temperature of the capillary tube
Petroleum Products
which is measured at a number of positions by a contactless
D 4306 Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for
4
pyrometer. The HiReTS Total (T) number is displayed during
Tests Affected by Trace Contamination
and at the end of the test. The HiReTS Peak (P) number can be
E 128 Test Method for Maximum Pore Diameter and Per-
5
determined from analysis of the results.
meability of Rigid Porous Filters for Laboratory Use
5. Significance and Use
3. Terminology
5.1 The thermal stresses experienced by aviation fuel in
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
modern jet engines may lead to the formation of undesirable
3.1.1 capillary tube, n—a coated resistively heated stainless
and possibly harmful insoluble materials, such as lacquers, on
steel tube through which fuel is pumped and controlled to give
heat exchangers and control surfaces, that reduce efficiency
and require extra maintenance.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
5.2 Aircraft fuel systems operate mainly under turbulent
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
flow conditions. Most large-scale realistic test rigs operate in
D02.14 on Stability and Cleanliness of Liquid Fuels.
Current edition approved June 10, 2002. Published September 2002.
the turbulent flow regime but fuel volumes are very large and
2
This test method is being jointly developed with the Institute of Petroleum,
test times are very long.
where it is designated IP 482.
3 5.3 This test method tests fuel under turbulent flow (high
This process is covered by a patent. Interested parties are invited to submit
information regarding the identification of an alternative(s) to this patented item to Reynolds number) conditions, and it gives a quantitative result
the ASTM Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a
under standard operating conditions of 65 or 125 min. Con-
meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
tinuous analysis of results during the test allows performance
4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02.
5
of the fuel to be monitored in real time thus enabling the test
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.04.
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D6811–02
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