ASTM D3420-95
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Pendulum Impact Resistance of Plastic Film
Standard Test Method for Pendulum Impact Resistance of Plastic Film
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of resistance of film to impact-puncture penetration. Knowledge of how the impact energy is absorbed by the specimen while it is deforming under the impact loading, and the behavior of the specimen after yielding, is not provided by this test. No provision is made for nonambient temperatures in this test method.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazards statements are given in Section 7. Note 1-There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.
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Standards Content (Sample)
Designation: D 3420 – 95 An American National Standard
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Test Method for
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Pendulum Impact Resistance of Plastic Film
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3420; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope otherwise described in this test method shall be in accordance
with Terminology D 883.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of resistance
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
of film to impact-puncture penetration. Knowledge of how the
3.2.1 failure completion energy—the energy necessary to
impact energy is absorbed by the specimen while it is deform-
initiate failure plus the energy necessary to cause complete
ing under the impact loading, and the behavior of the specimen
rupture to the test specimen.
after yielding, is not provided by this test. No provision is made
3.2.2 failure initiated energy—the energy necessary to be-
for nonambient temperatures in this test method.
gin failure of the test specimen.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3.2.3 pendulum impact resistance—the resistance to failure
standard.
of plastic film is measured by loss in mechanical work capacity
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
due to the expenditure of kinetic energy by a pendulum.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4. Summary of Test Method
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.1 The energy necessary to burst and penetrate the center
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazards
of a specimen, mounted between two plates with a circular
statements are given in Section 7.
aperture, is measured by the loss in mechanical work-capacity
NOTE 1—There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.
due to the expenditure of kinetic energy by a pendulum, the
rounded probe of which passes through the test specimen.
2. Referenced Documents
Corrections for “toss factor” or kinetic energy imparted to the
2.1 ASTM Standards:
puncture fragment of the test specimen are not made, as only
D 374 Test Methods for Thickness of Solid Electrical Insu-
tiny masses are involved. The pendulum head hits the speci-
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lation
men with a maximum velocity of about 74 m/min and a
D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics and Electrical
maximum energy of about 5 J (50 cm·kgf).
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Insulating Materials for Testing
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D 883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
5. Significance and Use
D 1709 Test Methods for Impact Resistance of Plastic Film
5.1 Like other techniques to measure toughness, this test
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by the Free-Falling Dart Method
method provides a means to determine parameters of a material
D 1922 Test Method for Propagation Tear Resistance of
at strain rates closer to some end-use applications than pro-
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Plastic Film and Thin Sheeting by Pendulum Method
vided by low-speed uniaxial tensile tests. Dynamic tensile
D 4272 Test Method for Total Energy Impact of Plastic
behavior of a film is important, particularly when the film is
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Films by Dart Drop
used as a packaging material. The same uncertainties about
E 177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
correlations with thickness that apply to other impact tests also
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ASTM Test Methods
apply to this test (see section 3.4 of Test Methods D 1709).
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
Hence, no provision for rationalizing to unit thickness is
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Determine the Precision of a Test Method
provided. Also, no provision is made for testing at non-ambient
temperatures.
3. Terminology
5.2 This test method includes two procedures, similar ex-
3.1 Definitions—Definitions of terms relating to plastics not
cept with regard to sample size: Procedure A for 60-mm
diameter and Procedure B for 89-mm diameter (commonly
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-20 on Plastics
called the “Spencer”). The data have not been shown relatable
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.19 on Film and Sheeting.
to each other.
Current edition approved June 15, 1995. Published August 1995. Originally
5.3 Several impact test methods are used for film. It is
published as D 3420 – 75. Last previous edition D 3420 – 94.
The current edition includes the addition of Note 1 and Section 15, Keywords.
sometimes desirable to know the relationships among test
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Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 10.01.
results derived by different methods. A study was conducted in
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Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.
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which four films made from two resins (polypropylene and
Annual B
...
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