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ASTM D6796-21e1

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Production of Coal, Coke and Coal Combustion Samples for Interlaboratory Studies

Standard Practice for Production of Coal, Coke and Coal Combustion Samples for Interlaboratory Studies

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The objective of this practice is to provide guidelines for the preparation of samples for interlaboratory studies to evaluate new test methods or for quality control purposes.  
5.2 Samples prepared using these guidelines may be used for the testing of the precision and bias mandatory for ASTM test methods. Such an evaluation is necessary to provide guidance to the user as to the reliability of measurements that can be expected by its use. The statements are developed on the basis of user experience (ordinarily through interlaboratory studies) with the test method.  
5.3 The availability of appropriate samples is a key requirement for interlaboratory studies.  
5.4 The homogeneity of the sample produced for interlaboratory studies must be small enough so that the variance caused by the sample is small compared to the variance of the test being performed.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the essential activities that are required to produce samples for interlaboratory studies.  
1.2 The suitability of a particular interlaboratory sample developed using this guide will depend on the tests being made.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Mar-2021
ICS
75.160.10 - Solid fuels
Technical Committee
D05 - Coal and Coke
Drafting Committee
D05.24 - Statistics
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM D6796-21e1 - Standard Practice for Production of Coal, Coke and Coal Combustion Samples for Interlaboratory StudiesASTM D6796-21e1 - Standard Practice for Production of Coal, Coke and Coal Combustion Samples for Interlaboratory Studies
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ASTM D6796-21e1 - Standard Practice for Production of Coal, Coke and Coal Combustion Samples for Interlaboratory Studies
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
´1
Designation: D6796 − 21
Standard Practice for
Production of Coal, Coke and Coal Combustion Samples for
1
Interlaboratory Studies
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6796; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Editorial corrections were made to X1.1.13, X1.1.14, and X2.2.2 in June 2021.
1. Scope D2492TestMethodforFormsofSulfurinCoal(Withdrawn
3
2021)
1.1 This practice describes the essential activities that are
D2961PracticeforSingle-StageTotalMoistureLessthan15
required to produce samples for interlaboratory studies.
% in Coal Reduced to 2.36mm [No. 8 Sieve] Topsize
1.2 The suitability of a particular interlaboratory sample
D3173Test Method for Moisture in theAnalysis Sample of
developed using this guide will depend on the tests being
Coal and Coke
made.
D3302/D3302MTest Method for Total Moisture in Coal
D4596Practice for Collection of Channel Samples of Coal
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
asstandard.Nootherunitsofmeasurementareincludedinthis in a Mine
D5192Practice for Collection of Coal Samples from Core
standard.
D5263Test Method for Determining the Relative Degree of
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Oxidation in Bituminous Coal by Alkali Extraction
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
D7430/D7430MPractice for Mechanical Sampling of Coal
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
D7582Test Methods for Proximate Analysis of Coal and
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Coke by Macro Thermogravimetric Analysis
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
E178Practice for Dealing With Outlying Observations
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
E691Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
E826Practice for Testing Homogeneity of a Metal Lot or
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
Batch in Solid Form by Spark Atomic Emission Spec-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
trometry
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3. Terminology
2. Referenced Documents
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
practice, refer to Terminology D121.
D121Terminology of Coal and Coke
4. Summary of Practice
D346/D346MPractice for Collection and Preparation of
Coke Samples for Laboratory Analysis
4.1 Test samples of adequately defined composition and
D2013/D2013MPractice for Preparing Coal Samples for
homogeneity are required for interlaboratory studies. These
Analysis
samples should be typical in all respects to the samples for
D2234/D2234MPractice for Collection of a Gross Sample
which the test method is applicable.
of Coal
4.1.1 Thesampleshouldbeofsufficientquantitytoperform
all necessary tests and replicates. Guidelines specifying mini-
mum quantities are given in Practice D2013/D2013M.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D05 on Coal and 4.1.2 The top size must be consistent for the test being run.
Coke and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D05.24 on Statistics.
4.2 Differences in results due to the homogeneity or
Current edition approved April 1, 2021. Published April 2021. Originally
approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D6796–16. DOI: oxidation, or both, of the test sample should be minimal with
10.1520/D6796-21E01.
respect to other errors.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
´1
D6796 − 21
5. Significance and Use 6.7 Sample preparation and distribution should provide
enough material and time so that laboratories can perform test
5.1 Theobjectiveofthispracticeistoprovideguidelinesfor
runs on new or unfamiliar methods. This is very important
the preparation of samples for interlaboratory studies to evalu-
because only l
...

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ASTM D388-23(Classification)
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ABSTRACT
This specification covers the classification of coals by rank, that is, according to their degree of metamorphism, or progressive alteration, in the natural series from lignite to anthracite. These coals are mainly composed of vitrinite. The classification shall be based on gradational properties that depend on the degree of metamorphism. The classification shall also be according to fixed carbon and gross calorific value calculated to the mineral-matter-free basis.
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4.1 This classification establishes categories of coal based on gradational properties that depend principally on the degree of metamorphism to which the coal was subjected while buried. These categories indicate ranges of physical and chemical characteristics that are useful in making broad estimates of the behavior of coal in mining, preparation, and use.
SCOPE
1.1 This standard covers the classification of coals by rank, that is, according to their degree of metamorphism, or progressive alteration, in the natural series from lignite to anthracite.  
1.2 This classification is applicable to coals that are composed mainly of vitrinite.  
Note 1: Coals rich in inertinite or liptinite (exinite), or both, cannot be properly classified because, in those macerals, the properties that determine rank (calorific value, volatile matter, and agglomerating character) differ greatly from those of vitrinite in the same coal. Often, such coals can be recognized by megascopic examination. In North America, these coals are mostly nonbanded varieties that contain only a small proportion of vitrain and consist mainly of attrital materials. The degree of metamorphism of nonbanded and other vitrinite-poor coals can be estimated by determining the classification properties of isolated or concentrated vitrinite fractions, or by determining the reflectance of the vitrinite (see Test Method D2798 and Appendix X1 of this classification). However, in the use of these vitrinite-poor coals, some properties normally associated with rank, such as rheology, combustibility, hardness, and grindability (as well as the rank determining properties) may differ substantially from those of vitrinite-rich coals of the same degree of metamorphism.  
1.3 The accuracy of the classification of impure coal may be impaired by the effect of large amounts of mineral matter on the determination of volatile matter and calorific value, and on their calculation to the mineral-matter-free basis.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a relative measure of the plastic behavior of coal when heated under prescribed conditions. This test method may be used to obtain semiquantitative values of the plastic properties of coals and blends used in carbonization and in other situations where determination of plastic behavior of coals is of practical importance.  
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1.3 In this test method, the term “mass” applies to measurements expressed with both SI units (for example, kg) and inch-pound units (for example, lb).  
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ASTM D3302/D3302M-22a(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Total Moisture in Coal

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The collection and treatment of the sample as specified for the referee method is intended for the express purpose of determining the total moisture in coal. The standard is available to producers, sellers, and consumers as a method of determination when other techniques or modifications are not mutually agreed upon.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the total moisture in coal as it exists at the site, at the time, and under the conditions it is sampled. It is applicable to coals as mined, processed, shipped, or used in normal commercial pursuits. It is not applicable to coal-water slurries, sludges, or pulverized products under 0.5 mm-diameter sieve size. It is applicable to coals of all ranks within the recognized limitations imposed by oxidation and decomposition characteristics of lower rank coals. Because of its empirical nature, strict adherence to basic principles and permissive procedures are required for valid results (see Appendix X1). This complete standard is available to producers, sellers, and consumers as a total moisture method when other procedures or modifications are not mutually agreed on.  
1.2 Since coal can vary from extremely wet (water-saturated) to completely dry, special emphasis must be placed on the sampling, sample preparation, and the moisture determination itself to ensure total reliability of measurement. Therefore, this standard entails collection of the gross sample, sample preparation, and the method of determination.  
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ASTM D7430/D7430M-22(Practice)
Standard Practice for Mechanical Sampling of Coal

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
6.1 It is intended that this practice be used to provide a sample representative of the coal from which it is collected. Because of the variability of coal and the wide variety of mechanical sampling equipment available, caution should be used in all stages of the sample collection process, the design of sampling system specifications, the equipment procurement, and the acceptance testing of installed equipment.  
6.2 After removal from the sampling system and further preparation (Practice D2013/D2013M), the sample may be analyzed for a number of different parameters. These parameters may define the lot's value, its ability to meet specifications, its environmental impact, as well as other properties.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is divided into four parts: A, B, C, and D. These four parts represent the previous Practices D7256/D7256M, D4916, D4702, and D6518. These four standards are the four that govern the mechanical sampling of coal and have been combined into one document for the ease of reference of the users of these standards.  
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1.3 The scope of Part B can be found in Section 13.  
1.4 The scope of Part C can be found in Section 19.  
1.5 The scope of Part D can be found in Section 32.  
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5.1 A compositional analysis of coal and coke and their associated combustion residues are often useful in assessing their quality. Knowledge of the elemental composition of the associated residues is also useful in predicting the elemental enrichment/depletion compositional behavior of ashes and slags in comparison to the mass fraction in the parent coal. Utilization of the ash by-products and hazardous potential may also depend on the chemical composition and leachability of the inorganic constituents of the coal ash.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for the analysis of the commonly determined major and minor elements in coal, coke, and solid residues from combustion of coal and coke. These residues may be laboratory ash, bottom ash, fly ash, flue gas desulfurization sludge, and other combustion process residues.
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5.1 A compositional analysis of ash is used in describing the quality of coal for its complete characterization. Ash composition is useful in predicting slagging and fouling characteristics of combusted materials as well as the potential utilization of ash by-products.  
5.2 The chemical composition of laboratory prepared coal ash is rarely, if ever, representative of the composition of the mineral matter in the coal because the ashing process can alter some minerals. However, it can approximate the composition of the fly ash and slag resulting from commercial combustion of coal.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the analysis of the commonly determined major and minor elements in ash from coal using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) techniques.
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Standard Test Method for Apparent and True Specific Gravity and Porosity of Lump Coke

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Apparent and true specific gravity, as determined by this test method, are influenced by the type of coals carbonized and the operating and preparational conditions of that carbonization, that is, charge bulk density, heating rate, and pulverization level. In turn, these properties directly influence the performance in processes using coke.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of apparent specific gravity (Sections 5 to 9) and true specific gravity (Sections 10 to 14) of lump coke larger than 25 mm [1 in.] size and calculating porosity (Section 15) from the specific gravity data.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in either SI units or non-SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D3172-13(2021)e1(Practice)
Standard Practice for Proximate Analysis of Coal and Coke

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Test methods, as herein described, can be used to establish the rank of coals, show the ratio of combustible to incombustible constituents, provide the basis for buying and selling, and evaluate for beneficiation or for other purposes.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the determination of moisture, volatile matter, and ash and the calculation of fixed carbon on coals and cokes sampled and prepared by prescribed methods and analyzed according to ASTM established procedures.  
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