ASTM E1476-04
(Guide)Standard Guide for Metals Identification, Grade Verification, and Sorting
Standard Guide for Metals Identification, Grade Verification, and Sorting
SCOPE
1.1 This guide is intended for tutorial purposes only. It describes the general requirements, methods, and procedures for the nondestructive identification and sorting of metals.
1.2 It provides guidelines for the selection and use of methods suited to the requirements of particular metals sorting or identification problems.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 10.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: E1476 – 04
Standard Guide for
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Metals Identification, Grade Verification, and Sorting
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1476; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope F1156 Terminology Relating to Product Counterfeit Protec-
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tion Systems (Discontinued 2001)
1.1 This guide is intended for tutorial purposes only. It
describes the general requirements, methods, and procedures
3. Terminology
for the nondestructive identification and sorting of metals.
3.1 Definitions—Terms used in this guide are defined in the
1.2 It provides guidelines for the selection and use of
standards cited in Section 2 and in current technical literature
methods suited to the requirements of particular metals sorting
or dictionaries; however, because a number of terms that are
or identification problems.
used generally in nondestructive testing have meanings or
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
carry implications unique to metal sorting, they appear with
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
explanation in Appendix X1.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4. Significance and Use
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
4.1 A major concern of metals producers, warehouses, and
precautionary statements, see Section 10.
users is to establish and maintain the identity of metals from
2. Referenced Documents melting to their final application. This involves the use of
2 standardqualityassurancepracticesandproceduresthroughout
2.1 ASTM Standards:
the various stages of manufacturing and processing, at ware-
E158 Practice for Fundamental Calculations to Convert
housesandmaterialsreceiving,andduringfabricationandfinal
Intensities into Concentrations in Optical Emission Spec-
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installation of the product. These practices typically involve
trochemical Analysis
standard chemical analyses and physical tests to meet product
E305 Practice for Establishing and Controlling Atomic
acceptance standards, which are slow. Several pieces from a
Emission Spectrochemical Analytical Curves
production run are usually destroyed or rendered unusable
E322 Test Method for X-Ray Emission Spectrometric
through mechanical and chemical testing, and the results are
Analysis of Low-Alloy Steels and Cast Irons
usedtoassesstheentirelotusingstatisticalmethods.Statistical
E566 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Sorting
quality assurance methods are usually effective; however,
of Ferrous Metals
mixed grades, off-chemistry, and nonstandard physical proper-
E572 TestMethodforAnalysisofStainlessandAlloySteels
ties remain the primary causes for claims in the metals
by X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
industry. A more comprehensive verification of product prop-
E703 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Sorting
erties is necessary. Nondestructive means are available to
of Nonferrous Metals
supplement conventional metals grade verification techniques,
E977 Practice for Thermoelectric Sorting of Electrically
and to monitor chemical and physical properties at selected
Conductive Materials
production stages, in order to assist in maintaining the identi-
F355 Test Method for Shock-Absorbing Properties of Play-
ties of metals and their consistency in mechanical properties.
ing Surface Systems and Materials
4.2 Nondestructive methods have the potential for monitor-
inggradeduringproductiononacontinuousorstatisticalbasis,
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This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E07 on Nondestruc-
formonitoringpropertiessuchashardnessandcasedepth,and
tive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.10 on Emerging
forverifyingtheeffectivenessofheattreatment,cold-working,
NDT Methods.
and the like. They are quite often used in the field for solving
Current edition approved March 1, 2004. Published April 2004. Originally
approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 1997 as E1476-97. DOI: problems involving off-grade and mixed-grade materials.
10.1520/E1476-04.
4.3 The nondestructive methods covered in this guide pro-
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
vide both direct and indirect responses to the sample being
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
evaluated. Spectrometric analysis instruments respond to the
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
presence and percents of alloying constituents. The electro-
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Withdrawn. The last approve
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