ASTM D2684-95(2005)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Permeability of Thermoplastic Containers to Packaged Reagents or Proprietary Products
Standard Test Method for Permeability of Thermoplastic Containers to Packaged Reagents or Proprietary Products
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
With the proper precautions and background experience, results can be useful for estimation of the loss of a packaged product through the walls of a container during shelf storage. The test is also useful for isolating the effects of a container design and materials, and is applicable for development and research and for specification purposes.
In the absence of adequate supporting data, extrapolations or correlations of results to conditions beyond those of the test are not recommended because of possible product alteration, solvency, or chemical effects on the plastic, etc.
Before proceeding with this test method, reference should be made to the specification of the material being tested. Any test specimen preparation, conditioning, dimensions, or testing parameters, or combination thereof, covered in the materials specification shall take precedence over those mentioned in this test method. If there are no material specifications, then the default conditions apply.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for determining the permeability of thermoplastic containers to packaged reagents or proprietary products under specified conditions of exposure. The exposures used are intended to simulate the normal and elevated temperature-storage conditions that might be encountered in end-use application.
1.2 This test method is applicable only to those types of containers designed to allow positive, leakproof closure.
1.3 Two procedures are provided:
1.3.1 Procedure A is specific to testing only with a standard design container. This procedure provides for determinations of rate of weight loss (or gain) and for calculation of a permeability factor.
1.3.2 Procedure B applies to tests of all other container designs. Permeability data by this procedure are expressed only in terms of rate of weight loss (or gain) for the particular container tested.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
Note 1—There is no similar or equivalent ISO Standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D2684–95 (Reapproved 2005)
Standard Test Method for
Permeability of Thermoplastic Containers to Packaged
1
Reagents or Proprietary Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2684; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D1505 Test Method for Density of Plastics by the Density-
Gradient Technique
1.1 This test method covers procedures for determining the
E145 Specification for Gravity-Convection and Forced-
permeability of thermoplastic containers to packaged reagents
Ventilation Ovens
orproprietaryproductsunderspecifiedconditionsofexposure.
The exposures used are intended to simulate the normal and
3. Terminology
elevated temperature-storage conditions that might be encoun-
3.1 Definitions:
tered in end-use application.
3.1.1 permeability factor, P —the permeability of a given
t
1.2 This test method is applicable only to those types of
plastic to a given product at temperature t, in degrees Celsius,
containers designed to allow positive, leakproof closure.
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expressedinunitsofg·cm/day·m ,asdeterminedbyProcedure
1.3 Two procedures are provided:
A. The permeability factor under 23°C test conditions, for
1.3.1 Procedure A isspecifictotestingonlywithastandard
example, is signified by the notation P .
23
design container. This procedure provides for determinations
3.1.2 Determination of P is based on an averaged wall
t
of rate of weight loss (or gain) and for calculation of a
thickness over the entire area of the container and an assump-
permeability factor.
tion that permeation rate is inversely proportional to the
1.3.2 Procedure B applies to tests of all other container
thickness. Precaution in the extent of allowable variations of
designs.Permeabilitydatabythisprocedureareexpressedonly
these factors is recommended, and use of P should take into
t
in terms of rate of weight loss (or gain) for the particular
consideration that wall thickness of the containers varies, that
container tested.
the estimate of average thickness from density, area, and
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
weight is not exact, and that permeability of the product
standard.
throughtheplasticmaterialmaynotbedirectlyproportionalto
NOTE 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
the thickness.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4. Summary of Test Method
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.1 Test bottles are filled with the test product and, after
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
sealing, are exposed at 23°C (73.4°F) and 50°C (122°F)
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
conditions for 28 days or longer. Measurements of weight are
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
made at intervals to determine the average rate of weight
2. Referenced Documents
change.
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
5. Significance and Use
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
5.1 Withtheproperprecautionsandbackgroundexperience,
D4976 Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Molding and
results can be useful for estimation of the loss of a packaged
Extrusion Materials
product through the walls of a container during shelf storage.
The test is also useful for isolating the effects of a container
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD20onPlastics
design and materials, and is applicable for development and
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.19 on Film and Sheeting.
research and for specification purposes.
Current edition approved July 15, 2005. Published August 2005. Originally
approved in 1968. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D2684-95 (2001). 5.2 In the absence of adequate supporting data, extrapola-
DOI: 10.1520/D2684-95R05.
tionsorcorrelationsofresultstoconditionsbeyondthoseofthe
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
test are not recommended because of possible product alter-
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
ation, solvency, or chemical effects on the plastic, etc.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D2684–95 (2005)
5.3 Before proceeding with this test method, reference
shouldbemadetothespecificationofthematerialbeingtested.
Any test specimen preparation, conditioning, dimensions, or
testing parameters, or combination thereof, cov
...
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