ASTM D4761-18
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Mechanical Properties of Lumber and Wood-Based Structural Materials
Standard Test Methods for Mechanical Properties of Lumber and Wood-Based Structural Materials
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods provide procedures that are applicable under true field conditions, such as in a plant with specimens not at moisture equilibrium.
4.2 The data established by these test methods can be used as follows:
4.2.1 Develop strength and stiffness properties for the population represented by the material being tested (that is, individual grades, grade combinations, species, species groups, or any other defined, identifiable sample).
4.2.2 Confirm the validity of strength and stiffness properties for the population represented by the material being tested.
4.2.3 Investigate the effect of parameters that have the potential to influence the strength and stiffness properties of the material, such as moisture content, temperature, knot size and location, or slope of grain.
4.3 The procedures chosen in accordance with these test methods shall be fully documented in the report to facilitate correlation with test results obtained through the use of traditional procedures, such as those set forth in Test Methods D198.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the mechanical properties of stress-graded lumber and other wood-based structural materials.
1.2 These test methods appear in the following order:
Section
Bending edge-wise
6
Bending flat-wise:
Center-point loading
7
Third-point loading
8
Axial strength in tension
9
Axial strength in compression
10
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: D4761 − 18
Standard Test Methods for
Mechanical Properties of Lumber and Wood-Based
1
Structural Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4761; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Numerous evaluations of the mechanical properties of wood-based structural materials have been
satisfactorilyconductedsincethelate1920s,usingTestMethodsD198.Thosemethodsarebestsuited
to a laboratory environment and are adaptable to a variety of products such as stress-graded lumber,
sawn timber, laminated timbers, wood-plywood composite members, reinforced and pre-stressed
timbers.
The procedures presented in these test methods have been derived from those set forth in Test
Methods D198. They are intended primarily for application to stress-graded lumber, but can be used
for other wood-based structural materials as well.The procedures are more flexible than those inTest
Methods D198, making testing in a non-laboratory environment more feasible.Thus the test methods
can be used on production sites for field testing and quality control, as well as in laboratories for
research applications. Key differences from Test Methods D198 are the testing speed, the deflection-
measuringproceduresforspecimensunderload,andthedetailofdatareporting.Furthermore,thetest
methods do not require that specimens be loaded to failure.
Since these test methods allow latitude in testing procedures, the procedures used shall be fully
documented in the test report. It may also be desirable to correlate the results from tests carried out
according to these test methods with test results obtained using a traditional procedure, such as that
set forth in Test Methods D198.
1. Scope 1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
mechanicalpropertiesofstress-gradedlumberandotherwood-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
based structural materials.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.2 These test methods appear in the following order:
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Section
Bending edge-wise 6
2. Referenced Documents
Bending flat-wise:
2
Center-point loading 7
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Third-point loading 8
D9Terminology Relating to Wood and Wood-Based Prod-
Axial strength in tension 9
Axial strength in compression 10
ucts
D198Test Methods of Static Tests of Lumber in Structural
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Sizes
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
D2915Practice for Sampling and Data-Analysis for Struc-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
tural Wood and Wood-Based Products
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
D4442Test Methods for Direct Moisture Content Measure-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ment of Wood and Wood-Based Materials
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on
Wood and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D07.01 on Fundamental
2
Test Methods and Properties. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2018. Published March 2019. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D4761–13. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D4761-18. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4761 − 18
D7438Practice for Field Calibration and Application of 6. BENDING EDGE-WISE—THIRD-POINT LOADING
Hand-Held Moisture Meters
6.1 Scope
E4Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
6.1.1 This test method provides procedures for the determi-
E6Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
nationofthestrengthandmodulusofelasticityofstress-graded
E177Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
lumber and other wood-based structural materials in bending
ASTM Test Methods
edge-wise,wherethememberdepthistypicallygreaterthanor
3
2.2 Other Document:
equal to the member breadth.
NISTVoluntaryProductStandardPS20AmericanSoftwood
NOTE 2—The use of the terms “edge-wise” and “flat-wise” in these test
Lumber Standard
methods are intended to refer to the g
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D4761 − 13 D4761 − 18
Standard Test Methods for
Mechanical Properties of Lumber and Wood-BaseWood-
1
Based Structural MaterialMaterials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4761; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Numerous evaluations of the mechanical properties of wood-based structural materialmaterials have
been satisfactorily conducted since the late 1920s, using Test Methods D198. Those methods are best
suited to a laboratory environment and are adaptable to a variety of products such as stress-graded
lumber, sawn timber, laminated timbers, wood-plywood composite members, reinforced and
prestressedpre-stressed timbers.
The procedures presented in these test methods have been derived from those set forth in Test
Methods D198. They are intended primarily for application to stress-graded lumber, but can be used
for other wood-basewood-based structural materialmaterials as well. The procedures are more flexible
than those in Test Methods D198, making testing in a nonlaboratorynon-laboratory environment more
feasible. Thus the test methods can be used on production sites for field testing and quality control,
as well as in laboratories for research applications. Key differences from Test Methods D198 are the
testing speed, the deflection-measuring procedures for test specimens under load, and the detail of data
reporting. Furthermore, the test methods do not require that specimens be loaded to failure.
Since these test methods allow latitude in testing procedures, the procedures used shall be fully
documented in the test report. It may also be desirable to correlate the results from tests carried out
according to these test methods with test results obtained through the use of using a traditional
procedure, such as that set forth in Test Methods D198.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the mechanical properties of stress-graded lumber and other wood-basewood-
based structural material.materials.
1.2 These test methods appear in the following order:
Section
Bending edge-wise 6
Bending flat-wise:
Center point loading 7
Center-point loading 7
Third point loading 8
Third-point loading 8
Axial strength in tension 9
Axial strength in compression 10
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on Wood and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D07.01 on Fundamental Test Methods
and Properties.
Current edition approved April 1, 2013Nov. 1, 2018. Published May 2013March 2019. Originally approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 20112013 as
D4761 – 11.D4761 – 13. DOI: 10.1520/D4761-13.10.1520/D4761-18.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4761 − 18
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D9 Terminology Relating to Wood and Wood-Based Products
D198 Test Methods of Static Tests of Lumber in Structural Sizes
D2915 Practice for Sampling and Data-Analysis for Structural Wood and Wood-Based Products
D4442 Test Methods for Direct Moisture Content Measurement of Wood and Wood-Based Materials
D7438 Practice for Field Calibration and Application of Hand-Held Moisture Meters
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
3
2.2 Other Document:
NIST Voluntary Product Standard PS20 American Softwood Lumber Standard
NOTE 1—The current version of PS20 is given as an example of a product standard applicable to stress-graded lumber
...
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