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ASTM E50-00

(Practice)

Standard Practices for Apparatus, Reagents, and Safety Considerations for Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related Materials

Standard Practices for Apparatus, Reagents, and Safety Considerations for Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related Materials

SCOPE
1.1 These practices cover laboratory apparatus and reagents that are required for the chemical analysis of metals, ores and related materials by standard methods of ASTM. Detailed descriptions of recommended apparatus and detailed instructions for the preparation of standard solutions and certain nonstandardized reagents are included. An identifying number has been assigned each apparatus (see Section 8 ) and reagent (see Section 25) for convenience of reference in the analytical methods. Included also are general recommendations on the purity of reagents and protective measures for the use of hazardous reagents.
1.2 The aim of these recommendations is to present descriptions of such apparatus and reagents as are common to several ASTM methods, and thus avoid needless repetition. No attempt has been made to provide a description of every apparatus and reagent prescribed in ASTM methods for the chemical analysis of metals. Other apparatus and reagents that are required will be found listed or specified in the individual methods of analysis.
1.3 These recommendations are intended to apply to the ASTM methods of chemical analysis of metals when definite reference is made to these practices, as covered in Section 3.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazards are given in Section 7 and Note 2.
Note 2--The use of the verb "shall" (with its obligatory third person meaning) in this standard has been confined to those aspects of laboratory safety where regulatory requirements are known to exist. Such regulations, however, are beyond the scope of these practices.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Nov-2000
ICS
77.040.30 - Chemical analysis of metals
Technical Committee
E01 - Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
Drafting Committee
E01.20 - Fundamental Practices
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM E50-00(2005) - Standard Practices for Apparatus, Reagents, and Safety Considerations for Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
Effective Date
01-May-2005
Referred By
ASTM D4042-93(2019) - Standard Test Method for Sampling and Testing for Ash and Total Iron in Steel Mill Dispersions of Rolling Oils
Effective Date
10-Nov-2000
Referred By
ASTM B368-21 - Standard Test Method for Copper-Accelerated Acetic Acid-Salt Spray (Fog) Testing (CASS Test)
Effective Date
10-Nov-2000
Referred By
ASTM E1898-21 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Silver in Copper Concentrates by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
Effective Date
10-Nov-2000
Referred By
ASTM E2941-21 - Standard Practices for Extraction of Elements from Ores and Related Metallurgical Materials by Acid Digestion
Effective Date
10-Nov-2000
Referred By
ASTM E1587-17 - Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Refined Nickel
Effective Date
10-Nov-2000
Referred By
ASTM E2293-19 - Standard Practice for Drying of Metal Bearing Ores, Concentrates, and Related Metallurgical Materials for the Determination of Mercury
Effective Date
10-Nov-2000
Referred By
ASTM E1447-22 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Hydrogen in Reactive Metals and Reactive Metal Alloys by Inert Gas Fusion with Detection by Thermal Conductivity or Infrared Spectrometry
Effective Date
10-Nov-2000
Referred By
ASTM E1941-10(2016) - Standard Test Method for Determination of Carbon in Refractory and Reactive Metals and Their Alloys by Combustion Analysis
Effective Date
10-Nov-2000
Referred By
ASTM C759-18 - Standard Test Methods for Chemical, Mass Spectrometric, Spectrochemical, Nuclear, and Radiochemical Analysis of Nuclear-Grade Plutonium Nitrate Solutions
Effective Date
10-Nov-2000
Referred By
ASTM E508-21 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Calcium and Magnesium in Iron Ores by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
Effective Date
10-Nov-2000
Referred By
ASTM E278-21 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Phosphorus in Iron Ores by Phosphomolybdate Coprecipitation and Nitric Acid Titrimetry
Effective Date
10-Nov-2000
Referred By
ASTM E382-20 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Crushing Strength of Iron Ore Pellets and Direct-Reduced Iron
Effective Date
10-Nov-2000
Referred By
ASTM E2594-20 - Standard Test Method for Analysis of Nickel Alloys by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (Performance-Based)
Effective Date
10-Nov-2000
Referred By
ASTM E507-21 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Aluminum in Iron Ores by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
Effective Date
10-Nov-2000

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ASTM E50-00 - Standard Practices for Apparatus, Reagents, and Safety Considerations for Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related MaterialsASTM E50-00 - Standard Practices for Apparatus, Reagents, and Safety Considerations for Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
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ASTM E50-00 - Standard Practices for Apparatus, Reagents, and Safety Considerations for Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E 50 – 00
Standard Practices for
Apparatus, Reagents, and Safety Considerations for
1
Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationE50;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
safety where regulatory requirements are known to exist. Such regula-
1. Scope
tions, however, are beyond the scope of these practices.
1.1 These practices cover laboratory apparatus and reagents
that are required for the chemical analysis of metals, ores and
2. Referenced Documents
related materials by standard methods of ASTM. Detailed
2.1 ASTM Standards:
descriptions of recommended apparatus and detailed instruc-
2
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
tions for the preparation of standard solutions and certain
3
E1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers
nonstandardized reagents are included.An identifying number
E70 Test Method for pH of Aqueous Solutions with the
has been assigned each apparatus (see Section 8) and reagent
4
Glass Electrode
(see Section 25) for convenience of reference in the analytical
E77 Test Method for Inspection andVerification of Liquid-
methods. Included also are general recommendations on the
3
in-Glass Thermometers
purity of reagents and protective measures for the use of
3
E100 Specification for ASTM Hydrometers
hazardous reagents.
E126 Test Method for Inspection and Verification of Hy-
1.2 Theaimoftheserecommendationsistopresentdescrip-
3
drometers
tions of such apparatus and reagents as are common to several
E128 Test Method for Maximum Pore Diameter and Per-
ASTMmethods,andthusavoidneedlessrepetition.Noattempt
5
meability of Rigid Porous Filters for Laboratory Use
has been made to provide a description of every apparatus and
5
E287 Specification for Burets
reagentprescribedinASTMmethodsforthechemicalanalysis
5
E288 Specification for Volumetric Flasks
of metals. Other apparatus and reagents that are required will
5
E438 Specification for Glasses in Laboratory Apparatus
be found listed or specified in the individual methods of
5
E542 Practice for Calibration of Volumetric Ware
analysis.
5
E694 Specification for Volumetric Ware
1.3 These recommendations are intended to apply to the
5
E969 Specification for Glass Volumetric (Transfer) Pipets
ASTM methods of chemical analysis of metals when definite
E1044 Specification for Glass Serological Pipets (General
reference is made to these practices, as covered in Section 3.
5
Purpose and Kahn)
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
6
E1621 Guide for X-Ray Emission SpectrometricAnalysis
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and
3. Significance and Use
establish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-
3.1 The inclusion of the following paragraph, or a suitable
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
equivalent, in any standard (preferably after the section on
Specific hazards are given in Section 7 and Note 2.
Scope) is due notification that the apparatus and reagents
required in that standard are subject to the recommendations
NOTE 1—The use of the verb “shall” (with its obligatory third person
meaning) in this standard has been confined to those aspects of laboratory
set forth in these practices.
1
These practices are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E1 on
2
Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials and are the direct Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01.
3
responsibility of Subcommittee E01.20 on Fundamental Practices and Measure- Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.03.
4
ment Traceability. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.05.
5
Current edition approved Nov. 10, 2000. Published January 2001. Originally Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.04.
e1 6
published as E50–43T. Last previous edition E50–90 (1995) . Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.06.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E50–00
TABLE 1 Concentration of Acids, Ammonium Hydroxide, and Hydrogen Peroxide
Specific
Reagent, Weight %
Name Formula Gravity,
Nominal Min Max
Approximate
Acetic acid CH COOH 1.05 . 99.5 .
3
Formic acid HCOOH 1.20 . 88.0 .
Hydrobromic acid HBr 1.49 48 47.0 49.0
Hydrochloric acid HCl 1.19 . 35.0 38.0
Hydrofluoric acid HF 1.15 . 48.0 51.0
Nitric acid HNO 1.42 . 69.0 71.0
3
Perchloric acid HClO 1.67 . 70.0 72.0
4
Phosphoric acid H PO 1.69 . 85.0 .
...

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ASTM E439-23(Test Method)
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4.1 These test methods for the chemical analysis of beryllium metal are primarily intended as referee methods to test such materials for compliance with compositional specifications. It is assumed that all who use these test methods will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully and safely. It is expected that work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory.
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1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analysis of beryllium having chemical compositions within the following limits:    
Element  
Range, %  
Aluminum  
0.05 to 0.30  
Beryllium  
97.5 to 100    
Beryllium Oxide  
0.3 to 3    
Carbon  
0.05 to 0.30  
Copper  
0.005 to 0.10  
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0.005 to 0.10  
Iron  
0.05 to 0.30  
Magnesium  
0.02 to 0.15  
Nickel  
0.005 to 0.10  
Silicon  
0.02 to 0.15  
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Sections  
Chromium by the Diphenylcarbazide Spectrophotometric Test Method
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10 – 19  
Iron by the 1,10-Phenanthroline Spectrophotometric Test Method
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ASTM E363-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Chromium and Ferrochromium

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods for the chemical analysis of chromium metal and ferrochromium alloy are primarily intended to test such materials for compliance with compositional specifications such as Specifications A101 and A481. It is assumed that all who use these test methods will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully and safely. It is expected that work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory.
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1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analysis of chromium and ferrochromium having chemical compositions within the following limits:    
Element  
Composition, %  
Aluminum  
0.25 max  
Antimony  
0.005 max  
Arsenic  
0.005 max  
Bismuth  
0.005 max  
Boron  
0.005 max  
Carbon  
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Chromium  
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Cobalt  
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Columbium  
0.05 max  
Copper  
0.05 max  
Lead  
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Molybdenum  
0.05 max  
Nickel  
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Nitrogen  
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Phosphorus  
0.03 max  
Silicon  
12.00 max  
Silver  
0.005 max  
Sulfur  
0.07 max  
Tantalum  
0.05 max  
Tin  
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Vanadium  
0.50 max  
Zinc  
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Zirconium  
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Sections  
Arsenic by the Molybdenum Blue Spectrophotometric Test Method
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10 – 20  
Lead by the Dithizone Spectrophotometric Test Method
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21 – 31  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
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1.4 This practice is not intended to supersede or replace existing specification requirements for the sampling of a particular material.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are given for information only.  
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This practice covers the sampling, for the determination of chemical composition of nonferrous metals and alloys that have been reduced to their final form by mechanical working; that is, by such means as rolling, drawing, and extruding. The portion selection, sample preparation, sampling details, sample size and storage, and resampling are also detailed.
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ASTM E1085-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Analysis of Low-Alloy Steels by Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry

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5.1 This test method is suitable for manufacturing control and for verifying that a product meets specifications. This test method provides rapid, multi-element determinations with sufficient accuracy to ensure product quality and to minimize production delays. The analytical performance data may be used as a benchmark to determine if similar X-ray spectrometers provide equivalent precision and accuracy, or if the performance of a particular X-ray spectrometer has changed.  
5.2 Calcium is sometimes added to steel to affect inclusion shape which enhances certain mechanical properties of steel. This test method is useful for determining the residual calcium in the steel after such treatment.  
5.2.1 Because calcium occurs primarily in inclusions, the precision of this test method is a function of the distribution of the calcium-bearing inclusions in the steel. The variation of determinations on freshly prepared surfaces will give some indication of the distribution of these inclusions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis of low-alloy steels for the following elements:    
Element  
Mass Fraction
Range, %  
Calcium  
0.001 to 0.007  
Chromium  
0.04 to 2.5  
Cobalt  
0.03 to 0.2  
Copper  
0.03 to 0.6  
Manganese  
0.04 to 2.5  
Molybdenum  
0.005 to 1.5  
Nickel  
0.04 to 3.0  
Niobium  
0.002 to 0.1  
Phosphorus  
0.010 to 0.08  
Silicon  
0.06 to 1.5  
Sulfur  
0.009 to 0.1  
Vanadium  
0.012 to 0.6  
1.1.1 Unless exceptions are noted, mass fraction ranges can be extended and additional elements can be included by the use of suitable reference materials and measurement conditions. Deviations from the published scope must be validated by experimental means. See Guide E2857 for information on validation options.  
1.2 The values stated in the International System of Units (SI) are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to other units that are provided for information only, because they may be used in older software and laboratory procedures.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 10.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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Standard Test Method for Analysis of High Manganese Steel by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The chemical composition of high manganese steel alloys must be determined accurately to ensure the desired metallurgical properties. This procedure is suitable for manufacturing control and inspection testing.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the analysis of high manganese steel by spark atomic emission spectrometry for the following elements in the ranges shown:    
Elements  
Composition Range, %  
Aluminum (Al)  
0.02 to 0.15  
Carbon (C)  
0.3 to 1.4  
Chromium (Cr)  
0.25 to 2.00  
Manganese (Mn)  
8.0 to 16.2  
Molybdenum (Mo)  
0.03 to 2.0  
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0.05 to 4.0  
Phosphorus (P)  
0.025 to 0.06  
Silicon (Si)  
0.25 to 1.5
Note 1: The ranges represent the actual levels at which this method was tested.2 These composition ranges can be extended by the use of suitable reference materials. Validation of these extensions may be conducted by following Practice E2587. Sulfur is not included because differences in results between laboratories exceeded acceptable limits at all sulfur levels.  
1.2 This test method may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E1086-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Analysis of Austenitic Stainless Steel by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The chemical composition of stainless steels must be determined accurately to ensure the desired metallurgical properties. This test method is suitable for manufacturing control and inspection testing.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method2 covers the analysis of austenitic stainless steel by spark atomic emission spectrometry for the following elements in the ranges shown    
Element  
Composition Range, %  
Chromium  
17.0 to 23.0  
Nickel  
7.5 to 13.0  
Molybdenum  
0.01 to 3.0    
Manganese  
0.01 to 2.0    
Silicon  
0.01 to 0.90  
Copper  
0.01 to 0.30  
Carbon  
0.005 to 0.25  
Phosphorus  
0.003 to 0.15  
Sulfur  
0.003 to 0.065  
1.2 This test method is designed for the analysis of chill-cast disks or inspection testing of stainless steel samples that have a flat surface of at least 13 mm (0.5 in.) in diameter. The samples must be sufficiently massive to prevent overheating during the discharge and of a similar metallurgical condition and composition as the reference materials.  
1.3 One or more of the reference materials must closely approximate the composition of the specimen. The technique of analyzing reference materials with unknowns and performing the indicated mathematical corrections (typically referred to as type standardization) may also be used to correct for interference effects and to compensate for errors resulting from instrument drift. A variety of such systems are commonly used. Any of these that will achieve analytical accuracy equivalent to that reported for this test method are acceptable.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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