iTeh StandardsiTeh Standards
EURUSD
Your shopping cart is empty.
ASTM

ASTM E1109-86(2009)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Determining the Bulk Density of Solid Waste Fractions

Standard Test Method for Determining the Bulk Density of Solid Waste Fractions

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method describes a physical property of solid waste in processing facilities; a property that characterizes the solid waste streams and hence the operation of resource recovery separators and processors.
The bulk density is an important property for the design of materials handling equipment, separators, and processors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the bulk density of various fractions from the resource recovery processing of municipal solid waste. It is intended as a means of characterizing such fractions and for providing data useful to designers of solid waste processing plants.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary information is given in Section 7.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Aug-2009
ICS
13.030.10 - Solid wastes
Technical Committee
D34 - Waste Management
Drafting Committee
D34.03 - Treatment, Recovery and Reuse
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM E1109-86(2004) - Standard Test Method for Determining the Bulk Density of Solid Waste Fractions
Effective Date
01-Sep-2009
Replaced By
ASTM E1109-18 - Standard Test Method for Determining the Bulk Density of Solid Waste Fractions
Effective Date
15-May-2018

Buy Standard

ASTM E1109-86(2009) - Standard Test Method for Determining the Bulk Density of Solid Waste FractionsASTM E1109-86(2009) - Standard Test Method for Determining the Bulk Density of Solid Waste Fractions
PreviousNext
Standard
ASTM E1109-86(2009) - Standard Test Method for Determining the Bulk Density of Solid Waste Fractions
English language
3 pages
sale 15% off
Preview
sale 15% off
Preview

Standards Content (Sample)


NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E1109 − 86 (Reapproved 2009)
Standard Test Method for
Determining the Bulk Density of Solid Waste Fractions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1109; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Summary of Test Method
1.1 This test method determines the bulk density of various
4.1 Asample of a solid waste stream is tamped in a cubical
fractions from the resource recovery processing of municipal
container of known volume and then weighed. Bulk density is
solid waste. It is intended as a means of characterizing such
calculated from the weight of the contents and volume of the
fractions and for providing data useful to designers of solid
container.
waste processing plants.
5. Significance and Use
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5.1 This test method describes a physical property of solid
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
waste in processing facilities; a property that characterizes the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
solid waste streams and hence the operation of resource
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-
recovery separators and processors.
tionary information is given in Section 7.
5.2 The bulk density is an important property for the design
2. Referenced Documents of materials handling equipment, separators, and processors.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
6. Apparatus
C702 PracticeforReducingSamplesofAggregatetoTesting
Size
6.1 Balance—Abalanceorscaleaccuratewithin0.1%ofthe
D75 Practice for Sampling Aggregates
test load at any point within the range of use. The range of use
E689 Reference Radiographs for Ductile Iron Castings
shall be considered to extend from the weight of the measure
E1107 Test Method for Measuring the Throughput of
empty to the weight of the measure plus its contents.
Resource-Recovery Unit Operations
6.2 Cubical Measure, with internal dimensions approxi-
mately 60 by 60 by 60 cm (24 by 24 by 24 in.) provided with
3. Terminology
handles. The interior surfaces of the measure shall be nonab-
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
sorbent to moisture.
3.1.1 bulk density—the mass per unit volume of particulate
NOTE 1—A satisfactory weigh box has been constructed of ⁄4 in. (1.9
matter. Bulk density is not an absolute material property as is
cm) exterior grade plywood with the finished surface on the inside.
the density of individual particles of a material. The bulk
Reinforcing strips, approximately 5 cm (2 in.) wide and 1.3 cm ( ⁄2 in.)
density depends on the size of the container and how the
thick were fastened to the outside walls; two of them in a way to provide
material is loaded into the container. For example, the bulk
handles.
density of material placed loosely in a container will be less
6.3 Largercubicalweighboxesshallbeusedasnecessaryto
than that of material tamped into a container. Also, some
accommodate large particles of material. No particle larger
materials placed loosely in a container will settle with time due
than two-thirds the length, height, or width of the weigh box
to its own weight; thus, its bulk density will increase.
shall be put into the weigh box in determining the bulk density.
7. Precautions
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Waste
Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.03 on Treatment,
7.1 This procedure calls for the handling of solid waste and
Recovery and Reuse.
its processed fractions. Because the origin of all the materials
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2009. Published November 2009. Originally
is generally unknown, workers must use proper safety precau-
approvedin1986.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2004asE1109–86(2004).DOI:
10.1520/E1109-86R09.
tions when handling samples. Workers shall wear gloves and
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
safety glasses. When appropriate, dust masks shall be worn.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Workers must be cautioned to wash their hands thoroughly
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. before eating or smoking.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
E1109 − 86 (2009)
8. Sampling 10.4 Weigh the filled box 60.1 % and calculate the bulk
density to three significant figures.
8.1 Sample shall be obtained from the processor streams or
separator outp
...

Questions, Comments and Discussion

Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.

This May Also Interest You

ASTM
ASTM E956-83(2023)(Classification)
Standard Classification for Municipal Mixed Nonferrous Metals (MNM)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This classification is intended for use in the marketing of mixed nonferrous metals.  
4.2 Mixed nonferrous metals covered by this classification are suitable for use by one or more of the following industries:  
4.2.1 Secondary aluminum smelters,  
4.2.2 Primary aluminum producers,  
4.2.3 Scrap dealers and processors,  
4.2.4 Zinc refiners, and  
4.2.5 Copper refiners.
SCOPE
1.1 This classification covers municipal mixed nonferrous metals (MNM), not source-separated, that are recovered from municipal waste destined for disposal.  
1.2 The mixed nonferrous metals (MNM) have been subdivided according to processing history, nonferrous metal content, size, and moisture content.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E889-82(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Composition or Purity of a Solid Waste Materials Stream

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This method is used to document the ability of solid waste resource recovery separators to concentrate or classify a particular component (or components) present in solid waste.  
5.2 The purity determined in this way is used to calculate the recovery achieved by a separator as another measure of its performance, according to Test Method E1108.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the composition of a materials stream in a solid waste resource recovery processing facility. The composition is determined with respect to one or more defined components. The results are used for determining the purity resulting from the operation of one or more separators, and in conjunction with Test Method E1108 used to measure the efficiency of a materials separation device.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For hazard statements, see Section 7.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D4687-14(2022)(Guide)
Standard Guide for General Planning of Waste Sampling

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The procedures covered in this guide are general and provide the user with information helpful for writing sampling plans, safety plans, labeling and shipping procedures, chain-of-custody procedures, general sampling procedures, general cleaning procedures, and general preservation procedures.  
3.2 For purposes of this guide, it is assumed that the user has knowledge of the waste being sampled and the possible safety hazards.  
3.3 This guide is not to be used when sampling sites or wastes when safety hazards are unknown. In such cases, the user shall use other more appropriate procedures.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides information for formulating and planning the many aspects of waste sampling (see 1.2) that are common to most waste sampling situations.  
1.2 The aspects of sampling that this guide addresses are as follows:    
Section  
Safety plans  
4  
Sampling plans  
5  
Quality assurance considerations  
6  
General sampling considerations  
7  
Preservation and containerization  
8  
Cleaning equipment  
9  
Packaging, labeling, and shipping procedures  
10  
Chain-of-custody procedure  
11  
1.3 This guide does not provide comprehensive sampling procedures for these aspects, nor does it serve as a guide to any specific application. It is the responsibility of the user to ensure that the procedures used are proper and adequate.  
1.4 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For more specific precautionary statements see 3.2, 3.3, and Section 4.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    8 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E702-21(Specification)
Standard Specification for Municipal Ferrous Scrap

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the chemical and physical requirements of municipal ferrous scrap that are intended for use by such industries listed as follows: copper industry, iIron and steel foundries, iron and steel production, detinning industry, and ferroalloy industry. Municipal ferrous scrap shall conform to the requirements as to chemical composition for the respective end uses prescribed. Also, municipal ferrous scrap shall conform to the physical properties for the respective end uses prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the chemical and physical requirements of municipal ferrous scrap that are intended for use by such industries listed as follows:  
1.1.1 Copper industry (precipitation process),  
1.1.2 Iron and steel foundries,  
1.1.3 Iron and steel production,  
1.1.4 Detinning industry, and  
1.1.5 Ferroalloy industry.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 Questions concerning material rejection, downgrading, and retesting based on failure to meet the requirements of this specification shall be dealt with through contractual arrangements between the purchaser and the supplier.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
    2 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Technical specification
    2 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D5232-19(Practice)
Standard Practice for Determining the Stability and Miscibility of a Solid, Semi-Solid, or Liquid Waste Material

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice will identify waste materials that are potentially unstable when they come in contact with other materials at a waste treatment or disposal site.  
5.2 This practice will serve to determine the miscibility of waste materials with various media, including other wastes.  
5.3 This practice may not be applicable to all wastes. The appropriateness of these tests depends upon the proposed management of the waste.  
5.4 Since the initiation of some chemical reactions are slow to take place, the user may wish to establish reagent-to-waste contact times prior to observing the mixes for any reactions.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is designed to determine whether a waste material reacts when it is mixed with air, water, strong acid, strong base, an oil/solvent mixture, other waste mixtures, or solid media such as a geological formation or solidification agents.  
1.2 The miscibility of the waste material with the above media can also be defined.  
Note 1: The following ASTM standards provide supplemental information: Test Methods D4978, D4980, D4982, D5049, and D5057 and Practices D4979, D4981, and D5058.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 8.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E1109-19(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determining the Bulk Density of Solid Waste Fractions

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method describes a physical property of solid waste in processing facilities, a property that characterizes the solid waste streams and hence the operation of resource recovery separators and processors.  
5.2 The bulk density is an important property for the design of materials handling equipment, separators, and processors.  
5.3 In this test method, bulk density is not considered an absolute material property as is the density of individual particles of a material. The measured bulk density here depends on the size of the container, the moisture content of the “as tested” material, and how the material is loaded into the container. For example, the bulk density of material placed loosely in a container will be less than that of material tamped into a container. Also, some materials placed loosely in a container will settle with time due to its own weight; thus, its bulk density will increase. As written, the “as tested” waste sample may or may not be dried prior to testing, so that calculated bulk density includes the moisture associated with the “as tested” material.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method may be used to determine the bulk density of various fractions from the resource recovery processing of municipal solid waste. It is intended as a means of characterizing such fractions and for providing data useful to designers of solid waste processing plants.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E701-80(2018)(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Municipal Ferrous Scrap

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The establishment of these test methods for municipal ferrous scrap as a raw material for certain industries (see Specification E702) will aid commerce in such scrap by providing the chemical and physical tests for the characterization of the scrap needed as a basis for communication between the purchaser and supplier.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover various tests for assessing the usefulness of a ferrous fraction recovered from municipal wastes.  
1.2 These test methods comprise both chemical and physical tests, as follows:    
Section  
Sampling  
5  
Bulk Density  
6  
Total Combustibles  
7  
Chemical Analysis (for Industries Other Than the
Detinning Industry)  
8  
Magnetic Fraction (for the Detinning Industry)  
9  
Chemical Analysis for Tin (for the Detinning Industry)  
10  
Metallic Yield for All Industries Other Than the Copper
Industry and the Detinning Industry  
11  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D5744-18(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Laboratory Weathering of Solid Materials Using a Humidity Cell

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The laboratory weathering procedure will generate data that can be used to: (1) determine whether a solid material will produce an acidic, alkaline, or neutral effluent, (2) identify solutes in the effluent that represent dissolved weathering products formed during a specified period of time, (3) determine the mass of solute release, and (4) determine the rate at which solutes are released (from the solids into the effluent) under the closely controlled conditions of the test.  
5.2 Data generated by the laboratory weathering procedure can be used to address the following objectives: (1) determine the variation of drainage quality as a function of compositional variations (for example, iron sulfide and calcium+magnesium carbonate contents) within individual mine-rock lithologies, (2) determine the amount of acid that can be neutralized by the sample while maintaining drainage pH ≥6.0 under the conditions of the test, (3) estimate mine-rock weathering rates to aid in predicting the environmental behavior of mine rock, and (4) determine mine-rock weathering rates to aid in experimental design of site-specific kinetic tests.  
5.3 The laboratory weathering procedure provides conditions conducive to oxidation of solid material constituents and enhances the transport of weathering reaction products contained in the resulting weekly effluent. This is accomplished by controlling the exposure of the solid material sample to such environmental parameters as reaction environment temperature and application rate of water and oxygen.  
5.4 Because efficient removal of reaction products is vital to track mineral dissolution rates during the procedure, laboratory leach volumes are large per unit mass of rock to promote the rinsing of weathering reaction products from the mine-rock sample. A comparison of laboratory kinetic tests with field tests has shown that more reaction products from mineral dissolution are consistently released per unit weight and unit time in laborat...
SCOPE
1.1 This kinetic test method covers a laboratory weathering procedure that (1) enhances reaction-product transport in the aqueous leach of a solid material sample of specified mass, and (2) measures rates of weathering-product mass release. Soluble weathering products are mobilized by a fixed-volume aqueous leach that is performed and collected weekly. Leachate samples are analyzed for pH, alkalinity/acidity, specific conductance, sulfate, and other selected analytes.  
1.1.1 This test method is intended for use to meet kinetic testing regulatory requirements for mining waste rock and ores sized to pass a 6.3-mm (0.25-in.) Tyler screen.  
1.1.2 Interlaboratory testing of this method has been confined to mine waste rock. Application of this test method to metallurgical processing waste (for example, mill tailings) is outside the scope of the test method.  
1.2 This test method is a modification of a laboratory weathering procedure developed originally for mining wastes (1-3).2 However, it may have useful application wherever gaseous oxidation coupled with aqueous leaching are important mechanisms for contaminant mobility.  
1.3 This test method calls for the weekly leaching of a well-characterized solid material sample (weighing at least 1000 g) with water of specified purity, and the collection and chemical characterization of the resulting leachate. Test duration is determined by the user’s objectives of the test. See Guide D8187.3  
1.4 As described, this test method may not be suitable for some materials containing plastics, polymers, or refined metals. These materials may be resistant to traditional particle size reduction methods.  
1.5 Additionally, this test method has not been tested for applicability to organic substances and volatile matter.  
1.6 This test method is not intended to provide leachates that are identical to the actual leachate produced from a solid material in the field or to produce leach...

  • Standard
    24 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    24 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D8187-18(Guide)
Standard Guide for Interpretation of Standard Humidity Cell Test Results

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Use of HCT Data and Testing Objectives—The laboratory weathering test method (D5744) generates data that can be used to:  
4.1.1 Determine whether a solid material will produce an acidic, alkaline, or neutral effluent;  
4.1.2 Identify solutes in the effluent that represent dissolved weathering products formed during a specified period of time, and inform the user of their potential to produce environmental impacts at a mining or metallurgical processing site under proposed operating conditions;  
4.1.3 Determine the mass of solute release; and  
4.1.4 Determine the rate at which solutes are released (from the solids into the effluent) under the closely controlled conditions of the test for comparison to other materials.  
4.1.5 These approaches are based on the existence of detailed mineralogical work and static tests that provide a basis for interpreting HCT results.  
4.1.6 Detailed mineralogical work might lead a reviewer to suspect either acid neutralization potential (ANP) or acid generation potential (AGP) minerals have questionable availability, which would be a significant factor in interpreting HCT results and decisions concerning test duration.  
4.2 Interpretation of data generated by the laboratory weathering procedure can be used to address the following objectives:  
4.2.1 Determine the variation of drainage quality as a function of compositional variations (for example, iron sulfide and calcium plus magnesium carbonate contents) within individual mine rock lithologies;  
4.2.2 Determine the amount of acid that can be neutralized by the sample while maintaining a drainage pH of ≥6.0 under the conditions of the test;  
4.2.3 Estimate mine rock weathering rates to aid in predicting the environmental behavior of mine rock; and  
4.2.4 Determine mine rock weathering rates to aid in experimental design of site-specific kinetic tests.  
4.3 Interpretation Approaches—Guides A, B, and C are intended as examples of what to consider in developin...
SCOPE
1.1 This kinetic test guide covers interpretation and cooperative management of a standard laboratory weathering procedure, Test Method D5744. The guide suggests strategies for analysis and interpretation of data produced by Test Method D5744 on mining waste rock, metallurgical processing wastes, and ores.  
1.1.1 Cooperative management of the testing involves agreement of stakeholders in defining the objectives of the testing, analytical requirements, planning the initial estimate of duration of the testing, and discussion of the results at decision points to determine if the testing period needs to be extended and the disposition of the residues.  
1.2 The humidity cell test (HCT) enhances reaction product transport in the aqueous leach of a solid material sample of specified mass. Standard conditions allow comparison of the relative reactivity of materials during interpretation of results.  
1.3 The HCT measures rates of weathering product mass release. Soluble weathering products are mobilized by a fixed-volume aqueous leach that is performed and collected weekly. Leachate samples are analyzed for pH, alkalinity/acidity, specific conductance, sulfates, and other selected analytes which may be regulated in the environmental drainage at a particular mining or metallurgical processing site.  
1.4 This guide covers the interpretation of standard humidity cell tests conducted to obtain results for the following objectives:    
Guide and Objective  
Sections  
A – Confirmation of Static Testing Results  
5 – 6  
B – Evaluation of Reactivity and Leachate Quality
for Segregating Mine, Processing Waste, or
Ore  
7 – 8  
C – Evaluation of Quality of Neutralization
Potential Available to React with Produced
Acid  
9 – 10  
1.5 This guide is intended to facilitate use of Test Method D5744 to meet kinetic testing regulatory requirements for metallurgical processing products, mining waste ...

  • Guide
    8 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D5198-17(Practice)
Standard Practice for Nitric Acid Digestion of Solid Waste

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 A knowledge of the inorganic composition of a waste is often required for the selection of appropriate waste disposal practices. Solid waste may exist in a variety of forms and contain a range of organic and inorganic constituents. This practice describes a digestion procedure which dissolves many of the toxic inorganic constituents and produces a solution suitable for determination of total recoverable contents by such techniques as atomic absorption spectroscopy, atomic emission spectroscopy, and so forth. The relatively large sample size aids representative sampling of heterogenous wastes. The relatively small dilution factor allows lower detection limits than most other sample digestion methods. Volatile metals, such as lead and mercury, are not lost during this digestion procedure, however organo-lead and organo-mercury may not be completely digested. Hydride-forming elements, such as arsenic and selenium, may be partially lost. Samples with total metal contents greater than 5 % may give low results. The analyst is responsible for determining whether this practice is applicable to the solid waste being tested.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the partial digestion of solid waste using nitric acid for the subsequent determination of the total recoverable content of inorganic constituents.  
1.2 This practice is to be used when the concentrations of total recoverable elements are to be determined from a waste sample. Total recoverable elements are often not equivalent to total elemental content, because of the solubility of the speciated forms of the element in the sample matrix. Recovery from refractory sample matrices, such as soils, is usually significantly less than total concentrations of the elements present.  
Note 1: This practice has been used successfully for oily sludges and a municipal digested sludge standard [Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Sample No. 397]. The practice may be applicable to some elements not listed above, such as arsenic, barium, selenium, cobalt, magnesium, and calcium. Refractory elements such as silicon, silver, and titanium, as well as organo-mercury, are not solubilized by this practice.  
1.3 This practice has been divided into two methods, A and B, with Method A utilizing an electric hot plate and Method B utilizing an electric digestion block.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off