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ASTM C233-01

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Air-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete

Standard Test Method for Air-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the testing of materials proposed for use as air-entraining admixtures in the field.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information purposes only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 The text of this test method references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Jun-2001
ICS
91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products
Technical Committee
C09 - Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
Drafting Committee
C09.23 - Chemical Admixtures
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM C233-00 - Standard Test Method for Air-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete
Effective Date
10-Jun-2001
Replaced By
ASTM C233-04 - Standard Test Method for Air-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete
Effective Date
01-Dec-2004
Referred By
ASTM C1105-08a(2016) - Standard Test Method for Length Change of Concrete Due to Alkali-Carbonate Rock Reaction
Effective Date
10-Jun-2001
Referred By
ASTM C260/C260M-10a(2016) - Standard Specification for Air-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete
Effective Date
10-Jun-2001
Referred By
ASTM C666/C666M-15 - Standard Test Method for Resistance of Concrete to Rapid Freezing and Thawing
Effective Date
10-Jun-2001

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ASTM C233-01 - Standard Test Method for Air-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact ASTM
International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation:C233–01
Standard Test Method for
1
Air-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C233; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* C192/C192M Test Method for Making and Curing Con-
2
crete Test Specimens in the Laboratory
1.1 This test method covers the testing of materials pro-
C231 Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed
posed for use as air-entraining admixtures in the field.
2
Concrete by the Pressure Method
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
2
C232 Test Methods for Bleeding of Concrete
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
C260 SpecificationforAir-EntrainingAdmixturesforCon-
purposes only.
2
crete
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
C403/C403M TestMethodforTimeofSettingofConcrete
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
2
Mixtures by Penetration Resistance
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
C666 Test Method for Resistance of Concrete to Rapid
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
2
Freezing and Thawing
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
1.4 The text of this test method references notes and
2
for Test Methods for Construction Materials
footnotes which provide explanatory material.These notes and
4
D75 Practice for Sampling Aggregates
footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be
5
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
considered as requirements of the standard.
E70 Test Method for pH of Aqueous Solutions with the
6
2. Referenced Documents
Glass Electrode
2.2 ACI Standards:
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2
ACI 211.1 Recommended Practice for Selecting Propor-
C33 Specification for Concrete Aggregates
7
tions for Normal, Heavyweight, and Mass Concrete
C39 Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical
2
Concrete Specimens
3. Significance and Use
C78 Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using
2
3.1 This test method is used to develop data for comparison
Simple Beam with Third-Point Loading)
with the requirements of Specification C260. These tests are
C136 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse
2
based on arbitrary stipulations permitting highly standardized
Aggregates
testinginthelaboratory,andarenotintendedtosimulateactual
C143/C143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic Ce-
2
job conditions.
ment Concrete
3
C150 Specification for Portland Cement
4. Materials
C 157 Test Method for Length Change of Hardened
2 4.1 Cement—Thecementusedinanyseriesoftestsshallbe
Hydraulic-Cement Mortar and Concrete
2 either the cement proposed for specific work in accordance
C172 Practice for Sampling Freshly Mixed Concrete
with 4.4, a Type I or Type II cement conforming to Specifica-
C173 Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed
2 tion C150, or a blend of two or more cements, in equal parts.
Concrete by the Volumetric Method
Each cement of the blend shall conform to the requirements of
C185 Test Method for Air Content of Hydraulic Cement
3 either Type I or Type II, Specification C150. If a blend of
Mortar
cements is used, it shall be a combination which produces an
air content of less than 10% when tested in accordance with
Test Method C185 (Note 3).
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on
Concrete and ConcreteAggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
4
C09.23 on Chemical Admixtures. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.03.
5
Current edition approved June 10, 2001. Published August 2001. Originally Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01.
6
published as C233–49T. Last previous edition C233–00. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.05.
2 7
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02. American Concrete Institute Manual of Concrete Practice, Part 1, pp. 211-1 to
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.01. 211-38 (1993).
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact ASTM
International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
C233–01
4.2 Aggregates—Except when tests are made in accordance used in the concrete mixture specified in Section 4 shall be
8
with 4.4, using the aggregates proposed for spec
...

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4.1 Alkali-silica reaction is a chemical interaction between some siliceous constituents of concrete aggregates and hydroxyl ions (1).5 The concentration of hydroxyl ion within the concrete is predominantly controlled by the concentration of sodium and potassium (2).  
4.2 This test method is intended to evaluate the potential of an aggregate or combination of an aggregate with pozzolan or slag to expand deleteriously due to any form of alkali-silica reactivity (3, 4).  
4.3 If testing an aggregate with pozzolan or slag, the results are used to establish minimum amounts of the specific pozzolan or slag needed to prevent deleterious expansion. Pozzolan or slag from a specific source can be tested individually or in combination with pozzolan or slag from other sources.  
4.4 When selecting a sample or deciding on the number of samples for test, it is important to recognize the variability in lithology of material from a given source, whether a deposit of sand, gravel, or a rock formation of any origin. For specific advice, see Guide C295/C295M.  
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of the susceptibility of an aggregate or combination of an aggregate with pozzolan or slag for participation in expansive alkali-silica reaction by measurement of length change of concrete prisms.  
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ASTM C142/C142M-17(2023)(Test Method)
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4.1 This test method is of primary significance in determining the acceptability of aggregate with respect to the requirements of Specification C33/C33M.
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1.1 This test method covers the approximate determination of clay lumps and friable particles in aggregates.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
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ASTM C1231/C1231M-23(Practice)
Standard Practice for Use of Unbonded Caps in Determination of Compressive Strength of Hardened Cylindrical Concrete Specimens

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice provides for using an unbonded capping system in testing hardened concrete cylinders made in accordance with Practices C31/C31M or C192/C192M, or cores obtained in accordance with Test Method C42/C42M in lieu of the capping systems described in Practice C617/C617M.  
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1.2 Unbonded caps are not to be used for acceptance testing of concrete with compressive strength below 10 MPa [1500 psi ] or above 80 MPa [12 000 psi].  
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ABSTRACT
This test method covers the determination of strength of cylindrical concrete specimens that have been molded in place using special molds attached to formwork. A concrete cylinder mold assembly consisting of a mold and a tubular support member is fastened within the concrete formwork prior to placement of the concrete. The elevation of the mold upper edge is adjusted to correspond to the plane of the finished slab surface. The mold support prevents direct contact of the slab concrete with the outside of the mold and permits its easy removal from the hardened concrete. Strength of cast-in-place cylinders may be used for various purposes, such as estimating the load-bearing capacity of slabs, determining the time of form and shore removal, and determining the effectiveness of curing and protection. Consolidation of concrete in the mold may be varied to simulate the conditions of placement. Internal vibration of concrete in the mold is prohibited except under special circumstances.
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4.1 Cast-in-place cylinder strength relates to the strength of concrete in the structure due to the similarity of curing conditions because the cylinder is cured within the slab. However, due to differences in moisture condition, degree of consolidation, specimen size, and length-diameter ratio, there is not a unique relationship between the strength of cast-in-place cylinders and cores of the same age. When cores can be drilled undamaged and tested in the same moisture condition as the cast-in-place cylinders, the strength of the cylinders can be expected to be on average 10 % higher than the cores at ages up to 91 days for specimens of the same size and length-diameter ratio.4  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Tests performed at the same location across a span of years may be used to detect a reduction of infiltration rate of the pervious concrete, thereby identifying the need for remediation.  
5.2 The infiltration rate obtained by this method is valid only for the localized area of the pavement where the test is conducted. To determine the infiltration rate of the entire pervious pavement multiple locations must be tested and the results averaged.  
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1.3 The text of this standard references notes that provide explanatory material. These notes shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
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Standard Practice for Capping Cylindrical Concrete Specimens

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This practice describes procedures for providing plane surfaces on the ends of freshly molded concrete cylinders, hardened cylinders, or drilled concrete cores when the end surfaces do not conform with the planeness and perpendicularity requirements of applicable standards. Practice C1231/C1231M describes alternative procedures using unbonded caps or pad caps.
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1.1 This practice covers apparatus, materials, and procedures for capping freshly molded concrete cylinders with neat cement and hardened cylinders and drilled concrete cores with high-strength gypsum paste or sulfur mortar.  
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1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precaution statements see 4.3.1 and 6.2.4.1.  
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ASTM C1621/C1621M-17(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Passing Ability of Self-Consolidating Concrete by J-Ring

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides a procedure to determine the passing ability of self-consolidating concrete. This test method is applicable for laboratory use in comparing the passing ability of different concrete mixtures. It is also applicable in the field as a quality control test.  
5.2 The difference between the slump flow and J-Ring flow is an indication of the passing ability of the concrete. A difference less than 25 mm [1 in.] indicates good passing ability and a difference greater than 50 mm [2 in.] indicates poor passing ability. The orientation of the mold for the J-Ring test and for the slump flow test without the J-Ring shall be the same.  
5.3 This test method is limited to self-consolidating concrete with nominal maximum size of aggregate of up to 25 mm [1 in.].
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the passing ability of self-consolidating concrete (SCC) by using the J-Ring in combination with a mold.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
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ASTM C173/C173M-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Volumetric Method

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method covers the determination of the air content of freshly mixed concrete. It measures the air contained in the mortar fraction of the concrete, but is not affected by air that may be present inside porous aggregate particles.  
4.1.1 Therefore, this is the appropriate test to determine the air content of concretes containing lightweight aggregates, air-cooled slag, and highly porous or vesicular natural aggregates.  
4.2 This test method requires the addition of sufficient isopropyl alcohol, when the meter is initially being filled with water, so that after the first or subsequent rollings little or no foam collects in the neck of the top section of the meter. If more foam is present than that equivalent to 2 % air above the water level, the test is declared invalid and must be repeated using a larger quantity of alcohol. Addition of alcohol to dispel foam any time after the initial filling of the meter to the zero mark is not permitted.  
4.3 The air content of hardened concrete may be either higher or lower than that determined by this test method. This depends upon the methods and amounts of consolidation effort applied to the concrete from which the hardened concrete specimen is taken; uniformity and stability of the air bubbles in the fresh and hardened concrete; accuracy of the microscopic examination, if used; time of comparison; environmental exposure; stage in the delivery, placement and consolidation processes at which the air content of the unhardened concrete is determined, that is, before or after the concrete goes through a pump; and other factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the air content of freshly mixed concrete containing any type of aggregate, whether it be dense, cellular, or lightweight.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory information. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM C138/C138M-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Density (Unit Weight), Yield, and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete

ABSTRACT
This test method covers determination of the density of freshly mixed concrete and gives formulas for calculating the unit weight, yield or relative yield, cement content, and air content of the concrete. Yield is defined as the volume of concrete produced from a mixture of known quantities of the component materials. The test method shall use the following apparatuses: balance or scale; tamping rod, which is a round straight steel rod having the tamping end rounded to a hemispherical tip; internal vibrator which may have rigid of flexible shafts, preferably powered by electric motors; measure, which is a cylindrical container made of steel or other suitable metal specified herein; strike-off plate; mallet; and scoop of a size large enough so each amount of concrete obtained from the sampling receptacle is representative and small enough so it is not spilled during placement in the measure.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the density (see Note 1) of freshly mixed concrete and gives formulas for calculating the yield, cement content, and air content of the concrete. Yield is defined as the volume of concrete produced from a mixture of known quantities of the component materials.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
Note 1: Unit weight was the previous terminology used to describe the property determined by this test method, which is mass per unit volume.  
1.3 The text of this test method refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.(Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
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  • Standard
    6 pages
    English language
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