ASTM D5497-94c(2000)
(Terminology)Standard Terminology Relating to Buttons
Standard Terminology Relating to Buttons
SCOPE
1.1 This terminology covers special terms or special meanings used in the button industry. These definitions apply only to sew-through flange and shank buttons.
1.2 The principal types of buttons defined in this terminology are illustrated in Figs. 1 - 8. These figures are descriptive only and are not intended to be restrictive as to design.
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Designation:D5497–94c (Reapproved 2000)
Standard Terminology
Relating to Buttons
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5497; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This terminology covers special terms or special mean-
ings used in the button industry.These definitions apply only to
FIG. 1 Pin Shank
sew-through flange and shank buttons.
1.2 The principal types of buttons defined in this terminol-
ogy are illustrated in Figs. 1-8. These figures are descriptive
molding compounds such as urea-formaldehyde, melamine-
only and are not intended to be restrictive as to design.
formaldehyde, styrene-modified polyester, or any combina-
tion thereof. This method using styrene modified polyester
2. Referenced Documents
resin, and having in its formulation pearlescent pigments
2.1 ASTM Standards:
which are oriented in the molding process, form a button or
D 883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
button blank which resembles natural shell.
D 3136 Definitions of Terms Relating to Permanent Care
electroplated button, n—plastic buttons which have been
Labels for Consumer Textile and Leather Products Other
made conductive by chemical treatment followed by the
than Carpets and Upholstery
electroplating of metallic coatings.
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
assembled button, n—a decorative button consisting of com-
binations of similar or dissimilar materials, such as plastic
FIG. 2 “U” Shank
and metal or metal and metal, which have been joined
together by such processes as gluing, swedging or metal
stamping.
bridge, n—the area of a button between the holes partially
covered by the sewing threads with dimensions varying
upon design and end use.
button, n—a knot, disc, or similar object which when forced
FIG. 3 Stab or Screw Shank
through a narrow opening or buttonhole, fastens one part of
Staple Buttons
a garment or other flexible substrate to another.
DISCUSSION—Although the primary purpose of buttons is to serve as
fasteners, buttons can also be used as decoration.
centrifugal cast button, n—see rotation cast button.
compression molding, n—the method of molding a material
FIG. 4 Bell Shank
alreadyinaconfinedcavitybyapplyingpressureandusually
Staple Buttons
heat.
compression molded button, n—a button or button blank
which is produced by compression molding.thermoset-
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-13 on
Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.54 on Subassemblies.
Current edition approved December 15, 1994. Published September 1995.
Originally published as D 5497 – 94. Last previous edition D 5497 – 94b.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01. FIG. 5 Toggle
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.01. Staple Attached Buttons
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D5497
laundering, n—a process used to refurbish a textile product or
parts thereof by (1) cleaning it in water containing a cleaning
agent, and possibly bleach, (2) drying it, and (3) usually
ironing or pressing it.
launderability, n—the ability of a button to undergo multiple
cycles of laundering without damage such as cracks or loss
of finish.
FIG. 6 Ring
ligne, n—a unit of measure for buttons; one ligne equals 0.635
Staple Attached Buttons
mm (0.025 in.).
luster, n—in buttons, the degree of brilliance exhibited in
pearlized or pearl buttons.
metal cast button, n—a button produced by the casting of
molten metals and metal alloys into single-cavity or
multiple-cavity molds.
DISCUSSION—Cast metal buttons can be electroplated and treated to
produce other finishes.
orientation, n—in buttons, the degree of order and spatial
alignment of pearlescent pigment crystals internally or in a
coating.
pearlized, n—in buttons, the addition of synthetic or natural
pearlescentpigmentstothebuttonresinformulationortothe
formulation used for coating.
DISCUSSION—Buttons exhibiting a pearl-like luster are made in either
FIG. 7 Sew-Through Flange Button
of two ways: 1) by incorporating pearlescent pigments into the resin
formulation prior to casting or molding the button, or 2) by applying to
thebuttonanexternalcoatingcontainingpearlescentpigmentseitherby
spraying or dipping.
ring, n—in buttons, a split ring used to fasten a staple attached
button to the substrate.
rod cast button, n—a button fabricated from a disk sliced or
sawed from a cast rod of formulated styrene-modified
polyester resin.
DISCUSSION—Formulated styrene-modified polyester resin is cast into
aluminum or glass tubes which are sealed at one end. The flaccid or
rigid rod formed after gelation is removed from the tube and sliced or
sawed into button blanks. The blanks are then fully polymerized
FIG. 8 Sew-Through Shank
(cured) in hot brine solution and fabricated into buttons.This method is
used for buttons which are mottled, and multicolored.
DISCUSSION—in buttons, plastics such as polyester, acetate, ABS,
melamine, and urea formaldehyde are the materials usually electro-
rotation cast button, n
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