ASTM B212-17

Standard Test Method for Apparent Density of Free-Flowing Metal Powders Using the Hall Flowmeter Funnel

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides a guide for evaluation of an important physical characteristic of a powder known as the apparent density. The measured apparent density bears a relationship to the mass of powder that will fill a fixed volume die cavity. The degree of correlation between the results of this test and the performance of powders during use may vary with each particular application. Note, however, that the presence of moisture, oils, stearic acid, stearates, waxes, and the temperature of the powder mass may alter the physical characteristics of the powder.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for determining the apparent density of free-flowing metal powders, and mixed powders; and is suitable for only those powders that will flow unaided through the specified Hall Flowmeter funnel.  
1.2 With the exception of the values for mass, volume, and density, for which the use of the gram and the cubic centimetre units is the long-standing industry practice, the values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2017
• ICS: 77.160 - Powder metallurgy
• Technical Committee: B09 - Metal Powders and Metal Powder Products
• Drafting Committee: B09.02 - Base Metal Powders

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: B212 − 17
Standard Test Method for
Apparent Density of Free-Flowing Metal Powders Using the
1
Hall Flowmeter Funnel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B212; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for determining
the apparent density of free-flowing metal powders, and mixed
3. Terminology
powders; and is suitable for only those powders that will flow
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this test
unaided through the specified Hall Flowmeter funnel.
method, see Terminology B243. Additional descriptive PM
1.2 With the exception of the values for mass, volume, and
informationisavailableintheRelatedMaterialssectionofVol.
density, for which the use of the gram and the cubic centimetre
02.05 of the Annual Book of ASTM Standards.
units is the long-standing industry practice, the values stated in
inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values
4. Summary of Test Method
given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units
4.1 Avolumeofpowderispermittedtoflowintoacontainer
that are provided for information only and are not considered
of definite volume under controlled conditions. The mass of
standard.
powder per unit volume is determined and reported as apparent
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
density, Hall (AD ).
H
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5. Significance and Use
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5.1 This test method provides a guide for evaluation of an
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
important physical characteristic of a powder known as the
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
apparent density. The measured apparent density bears a
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
relationship to the mass of powder that will fill a fixed volume
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
die cavity.The degree of correlation between the results of this
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
test and the performance of powders during use may vary with
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
each particular application. Note, however, that the presence of
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
moisture, oils, stearic acid, stearates, waxes, and the tempera-
ture of the powder mass may alter the physical characteristics
2. Referenced Documents
of the powder.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
6. Apparatus
B215 Practices for Sampling Metal Powders
3
B243 Terminology of Powder Metallurgy
6.1 Powder Flowmeter Funnel —A calibrated Hall Flow-
B873 Test Method for Measuring Volume of Apparent Den-
meter funnel (Fig. 1).
sity Cup Used in Test Methods B 212, B 329, and B 417
6.2 Density Cup—A cylindrical brass cup (Fig. 2) having a
3
nominal capacity of 25 cm . The actual cup volume shall be
determined according to Test Method B873. If the measured
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B09 on Metal
volume of the cup is outside the tolerance in Fig. 2
Powders and Metal Powder Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-
3
(25 6 0.03 cm ) the cup shall not be used.
mittee B09.02 on Base Metal Powders.
Current edition approved April 1, 2017. Published April 2017. Originally
approved in 1946. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as B212 – 13. DOI:
3
10.1520/B0212-17. The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or isACuPowder International, LLC, 901 LehighAve., Union, NJ 07083-7632. If you
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a
1
the ASTM website. meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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B212 − 17
FIG. 1 Flowmeter Apparatus —
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: B212 − 13 B212 − 17
Standard Test Method for
Apparent Density of Free-Flowing Metal Powders Using the
1
Hall Flowmeter Funnel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B212; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for determining the apparent density of free-flowing metal powders, and mixed
powders; and is suitable for only those powders that will flow unaided through the specified Hall Flowmeter funnel.
1.2 With the exception of the values for mass, volume, and density, for which the use of the gram and the cubic
centimetercentimetre units is the long-standing industry practice, the values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as
standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are
not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B215 Practices for Sampling Metal Powders
B243 Terminology of Powder Metallurgy
B873 Test Method for Measuring Volume of Apparent Density Cup Used in Test Methods B212, B329, and B417
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this test method, see Terminology B243. Additional descriptive PM
information is available in the Related Materials section of Vol. 02.05 of the Annual Book of ASTM Standards.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A volume of powder is permitted to flow into a container of definite volume under controlled conditions. The mass of
powder per unit volume is determined and reported as apparent density, Hall (AD ).
H
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method provides a guide for evaluation of an important physical characteristic of a powder known as the apparent
density. The measured apparent density bears a relationship to the mass of powder that will fill a fixed volume die cavity. The
degree of correlation between the results of this test and the performance of powders during use may vary with each particular
application. Note, however, that the presence of moisture, oils, stearic acid, stearates, waxes, and the temperature of the powder
mass may alter the physical characteristics of the powder.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B09 on Metal Powders and Metal Powder Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B09.02
on Base Metal Powders.
Current edition approved April 1, 2013April 1, 2017. Published June 2013April 2017. Originally approved in 1946. Last previous edition approved in 20122013 as
B212 – 12.B212 – 13. DOI: 10.1520/B0212-13.10.1520/B0212-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
B212 − 17
6. Apparatus
3
6.1 Powder Flowmeter Funnel —A calibrated Hall Flowmeter funnel (Fig. 1) having a calibrated orifice.).
3
6.2 Density Cup—A cylindrical brass cup (Fig. 2) having a nominal capacity of 25 cm . The actual cup volume shall be
determined according to Test Method B873. If the measured volume of the cup is outside the tolerance in Fig. 2
3
(25 6 0.03 cm ) the cup shall not be used.
3
6.3 Stand —A stand (Fig. 1) to sup
...