ASTM A959-11
(Guide)Standard Guide for Specifying Harmonized Standard Grade Compositions for Wrought Stainless Steels
Standard Guide for Specifying Harmonized Standard Grade Compositions for Wrought Stainless Steels
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
It is anticipated that the ASTM Subcommittees A01.06, A01.10, A01.17, A01.22, and A01.28 will use the standard composition limits listed in this guide for the grades identified by the corresponding UNS designation in the product specification unless there is a specific technical justification for doing otherwise. The compositions in this guide shall not be considered as chemical requirements for any particular product until adopted by the subcommittee overseeing that product.
Assuming that uniform compositions among the many product standards for stainless steel are desirable, the composition limits provided in this standard are to be used as guides in determining limits for each of the elements included in the total composition of each grade. The composition limits have been established with the intent that each product subcommittee will find it necessary to require only a minimum number of changes to reflect specific technical effects. Section 5 lists the general guidelines followed for determining the limits for each element; the limits established in this guide are based on these guidelines.
Not included in this standard stainless steel grade harmonization effort is an attempt to unify stainless steel compositions in ASTM product standards by any means other than recognizing current industry practices.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides a guide to ASTM Subcommittees A01.06, A01.10, A01.17, A01.22, and A01.28 for specifying chemical composition limits of wrought stainless steels. It is intended that these recommended grade composition limits be suitable for adoption by other standardization bodies that prepare standards for stainless steel products.
1.2 Included in this guide are the recommendations for determining the number of significant figures for specifying chemical composition from Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology A751.
1.3 All stainless steel UNS numbers and the stainless steel grades in all standards overseen by the aforementioned ASTM subcommittees have been included, except those grades applicable to restricted special end uses and alloys containing less than 10.5 % minimum chromium.
1.4 Not addressed are minor composition modifications which a specific product subcommittee may find necessary to accommodate effects of normal processing or to enhance fabricability by the producer or user, or both.
1.5 Also not generally addressed (except when established by ASTM product subcommittees) is a complete rationalization of all limits, especially when such would conflict with long-standing practices and is not justified by special technical effect.
1.6 Excluded from this guide are cast material and welding filler metal.
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Designation: A959 − 11
StandardGuide for
Specifying Harmonized Standard Grade Compositions for
1
Wrought Stainless Steels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A959; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* cal Analysis of Steel Products
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the
1.1 This guide provides a guide to ASTM Subcommittees
Unified Numbering System (UNS)
A01.06, A01.10, A01.17, A01.22, and A01.28 for specifying
3
2.2 SAE Standards:
chemical composition limits of wrought stainless steels. It is
J 1086 Recommended Practice for Numbering Metals and
intended that these recommended grade composition limits be
Alloys
suitable for adoption by other standardization bodies that
HS-1086 Metals and Alloys in the Unified Numbering Sys-
prepare standards for stainless steel products.
tem
1.2 Included in this guide are the recommendations for
determining the number of significant figures for specifying
3. Terminology
chemical composition from Test Methods, Practices, and Ter-
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
minology A751.
3.1.1 austenitic grade, n—metallurgical term meaning that
1.3 All stainless steel UNS numbers and the stainless steel
the material is usually predominantly face-centered cubic in
grades in all standards overseen by the aforementionedASTM
structure and hardenable only by cold working.
subcommittees have been included, except those grades appli-
3.1.2 austenitic-ferritic (duplex) grade, n—metallurgical
cable to restricted special end uses and alloys containing less
term meaning that the material is a mixture of austenitic and
than 10.5 % minimum chromium.
ferritic structures, with at least one-fourth of the lesser phase,
1.4 Not addressed are minor composition modifications
and hardenable only by cold working.
which a specific product subcommittee may find necessary to
3.1.3 ferritic grade, n—metallurgical term meaning that the
accommodate effects of normal processing or to enhance
material is body-centered cubic in structure (with little, if any,
fabricability by the producer or user, or both.
tempered martensite) and hardenable only slightly by cold
1.5 Also not generally addressed (except when established working (responding little or only slightly to conventional heat
byASTMproductsubcommittees)isacompleterationalization treatment by quenching and tempering).
of all limits, especially when such would conflict with long-
3.1.4 martensitic grade, n—metallurgical term meaning that
standing practices and is not justified by special technical
the material is capable of being produced in a distorted
effect.
body-centered cubic structure by conventional heat treating
and quenching, and that the quenched structure is capable of
1.6 Excluded from this guide are cast material and welding
conventionaltempering.Martensiticgradesaredeliveredinthe
filler metal.
annealed (ferritic) condition or the hardened and tempered
2. Referenced Documents
(martensitic) condition.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.5 precipitation hardening grade, n—metallurgical term
A751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemi- meaning that the material may be basically austenitic or
martensitic in structure and hardenable by precipitation hard-
ening (sometimes called age hardening).
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
3.1.6 standard stainless steel grade, n—listed chemical
Stainless Steel and Related Alloysand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.17 on Flat-Rolled and Wrought Stainless Steel.
composition associated with a stainless steel grade identified
Current edition approved June 1, 2011. Published June 2011. Originally
by a particular UNS number appearing in SAE publication
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as A959 – 09. DOI:
HS-1086, except as modified by an ASTM subcommittee
10.1520/A0959-11.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth
the ASTM website. Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, http://www.sae.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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A959 − 11
having oversight of a wrought stainless steel product where 5.4 Sulfur—It is recommended that 0.03
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:A959–09 Designation:A959–11
Standard Guide for
Specifying Harmonized Standard Grade Compositions for
1
Wrought Stainless Steels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A959; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 ThisguideprovidesaguidetoASTMSubcommitteesA01.06,A01.10,A01.17,A01.22,andA01.28forspecifyingchemical
composition limits of wrought stainless steels. It is intended that these recommended grade composition limits be suitable for
adoption by other standardization bodies that prepare standards for stainless steel products.
1.2 Included in this guide are the recommendations for determining the number of significant figures for specifying chemical
composition from Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology A751.
1.3 All stainless steel UNS numbers and the stainless steel grades in all standards overseen by the aforementioned ASTM
subcommittees have been included, except those grades applicable to restricted special end uses and alloys containing less than
10.5 % minimum chromium.
1.4 Not addressed are minor composition modifications which a specific product subcommittee may find necessary to
accommodate effects of normal processing or to enhance fabricability by the producer or user, or both.
1.5 Also not generally addressed (except when established by ASTM product subcommittees) is a complete rationalization of
all limits, especially when such would conflict with long-standing practices and is not justified by special technical effect.
1.6 Excluded from this guide are cast material and welding filler metal.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the Unified Numbering System (UNS)
3
2.2 SAE Standards:
J 1086 Recommended Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys
HS-1086 Metals and Alloys in the Unified Numbering System
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 austenitic grade, n—metallurgical term meaning that the material is usually predominantly face-centered cubic in
structure and hardenable only by cold working.
3.1.2 austenitic-ferritic (duplex) grade, n—metallurgical term meaning that the material is a mixture of austenitic and ferritic
structures, with at least one-fourth of the lesser phase, and hardenable only by cold working.
3.1.3 ferritic grade, n—metallurgical term meaning that the material is body-centered cubic in structure (with little, if any,
tempered martensite) and hardenable only slightly by cold working (responding little or only slightly to conventional heat
treatment by quenching and tempering).
3.1.4 martensitic grade, n—metallurgical term meaning that the material is capable of being produced in a distorted
body-centered cubic structure by conventional heat treating and quenching, and that the quenched structure is capable of
conventional tempering. Martensitic grades are delivered in the annealed (ferritic) condition or the hardened and tempered
(martensitic) condition.
3.1.5 precipitation hardening grade, n—metallurgical term meaning that the material may be basically austenitic or martensitic
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.17 on
Flat-Rolled and Wrought Stainless Steel.
Current edition approved March 15, 2009. Published April 2009. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as A959–07. DOI:
10.1520/A0959-09.
Current edition approved June 1, 2011. Published June 2011. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2009 asA959 – 09. DOI: 10.1520/A0959-11.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, http://www.sae.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
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...
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