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ASTM D6751-11a

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels

Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels

ABSTRACT
This specification covers biodiesel fuel blend stock, B100, in Grades S15 and S500 for use as a blend component with middle distillate fuels. This specification prescribes the required properties of diesel fuels at the time and place of delivery. The requirements stated here may be applied at other points in the production and distribution system when provided by agreement between the purchaser and the supplier. The biodiesel specified shall be mono-alkyl esters of long chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils and animal fats. The product shall undergo chemical analysis for flash point, methanol, water and sediment, kinematic viscosity, sulfated ash, oxidation stability, sulfur, copper strip corrosion, cetane number, cloud point, acid number, carbon residue, total and free glycerin, phosphorus, reduce pressure distillation temperature, atmospheric equivalent temperature, combined calcium and magnesium, and combined sodium and magnesium.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers biodiesel (B100) Grades S15 and S500 for use as a blend component with middle distillate fuels.
1.2 This specification prescribes the required properties of diesel fuels at the time and place of delivery. The specification requirements may be applied at other points in the production and distribution system when provided by agreement between the purchaser and the supplier.
1.3 Nothing in this specification shall preclude observance of federal, state, or local regulations which may be more restrictive.
Note 1—The generation and dissipation of static electricity can create problems in the handling of distillate fuel oils with which biodiesel may be blended. For more information on the subject, see Guide D4865.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
14-Feb-2011
ICS
75.160.20 - Liquid fuels
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.E0 - Burner, Diesel and Non-Aviation Gas Turbine Fuels
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D6751-11 - Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels
Effective Date
15-Feb-2011
Replaced By
ASTM D6751-11b - Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels
Effective Date
15-Jul-2011
Referred By
ASTM D7683-21 - Standard Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels (Small Test Jar Method)
Effective Date
15-Feb-2011
Referred By
ASTM D7467-20a - Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel Oil, Biodiesel Blend (B6 to B20)
Effective Date
15-Feb-2011
Referred By
ASTM D7797-23 - Standard Test Method for Determination of the Fatty Acid Methyl Esters Content of Aviation Turbine Fuel Using Flow Analysis by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy—Rapid Screening Method
Effective Date
15-Feb-2011
Referred By
ASTM D7545-14(2019)e1 - Standard Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Middle Distillate Fuels—Rapid Small Scale Oxidation Test (RSSOT)
Effective Date
15-Feb-2011
Referred By
ASTM D8149-20 - Standard Practice for Optimization, Calibration, and Validation of Ion Chromatographic Determination of Heteroatoms and Anions in Petroleum Products and Lubricants
Effective Date
15-Feb-2011
Referred By
ASTM D7689-21 - Standard Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels (Mini Method)
Effective Date
15-Feb-2011
Referred By
ASTM D2500-23 - Standard Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels
Effective Date
15-Feb-2011
Referred By
ASTM D8181-19 - Standard Specification for Microemulsion Blendstock for Preparing Microemulsion Test Fuel Oils
Effective Date
15-Feb-2011
Referred By
ASTM D6217-21 - Standard Test Method for Particulate Contamination in Middle Distillate Fuels by Laboratory Filtration<rangeref></rangeref >
Effective Date
15-Feb-2011
Referred By
ASTM D396-21 - Standard Specification for Fuel Oils
Effective Date
15-Feb-2011
Referred By
ASTM D7321-21 - Standard Test Method for Particulate Contamination of Biodiesel B100 Blend Stock Biodiesel Esters and Biodiesel Blends by Laboratory Filtration
Effective Date
15-Feb-2011
Referred By
ASTM D5771-21 - Standard Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels (Optical Detection Stepped Cooling Method)
Effective Date
15-Feb-2011
Referred By
ASTM D7398-21 - Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) in the Boiling Range from 100 °C to 615 °C by Gas Chromatography
Effective Date
15-Feb-2011

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ASTM D6751-11a - Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate FuelsASTM D6751-11a - Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels
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REDLINE ASTM D6751-11a - Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate FuelsREDLINE ASTM D6751-11a - Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D6751 – 11a
Standard Specification for
Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate
1
Fuels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6751; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D664 Test Method forAcid Number of Petroleum Products
by Potentiometric Titration
1.1 This specification covers biodiesel (B100) Grades S15
D874 Test Method for Sulfated Ash from Lubricating Oils
and S500 for use as a blend component with middle distillate
and Additives
fuels.
D974 Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-
1.2 This specification prescribes the required properties of
Indicator Titration
diesel fuels at the time and place of delivery. The specification
D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils
requirements may be applied at other points in the production
D976 Test Method for Calculated Cetane Index of Distillate
and distribution system when provided by agreement between
Fuels
the purchaser and the supplier.
D1160 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products
1.3 Nothing in this specification shall preclude observance
at Reduced Pressure
of federal, state, or local regulations which may be more
D1266 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products
restrictive.
(Lamp Method)
NOTE 1—The generation and dissipation of static electricity can create
D1796 Test Method forWater and Sediment in Fuel Oils by
problems in the handling of distillate fuel oils with which biodiesel may
the Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure)
be blended. For more information on the subject, see Guide D4865.
D2274 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Distillate
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Fuel Oil (Accelerated Method)
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
D2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products
standard.
D2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by
Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
2. Referenced Documents
D2709 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Middle
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Distillate Fuels by Centrifuge
D93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens
D2880 Specification for Gas Turbine Fuel Oils
Closed Cup Tester
D3117 Test Method for WaxAppearance Point of Distillate
D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Pe- 3
Fuels
troleum Products by Copper Strip Test
D3120 Test Method for Trace Quantities of Sulfur in Light
D189 Test Method for Conradson Carbon Residue of Pe-
Liquid Petroleum Hydrocarbons by Oxidative Microcou-
troleum Products
lometry
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
D3242 Test Method for Acidity in Aviation Turbine Fuel
and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-
D3828 Test Methods for Flash Point by Small Scale Closed
ity)
Cup Tester
D524 Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue of
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
Petroleum Products
Petroleum Products
D613 Test Method for Cetane Number of Diesel Fuel Oil
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
Petroleum Products
D4294 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum and Petroleum
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Products by Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spec-
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
trometry
D02.E0 on Burner, Diesel, Non-Aviation Gas Turbine, and Marine Fuels.
Current edition approved Feb. 15, 2011. Published March 2011. Originally D4530 Test Method for Determination of Carbon Residue
approved in 1999 as PS 121–99.Adopted as a standard in 2002 as D6751–02. Last
(Micro Method)
previous edition approved in 2011 as D6751–11. DOI: 10.1520/D6751-11A.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. ForAnnual Book ofASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on 3
Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced
the ASTM website.
on www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6751 – 11a
D4737 Test Method for Calculated Cetane Index by Four EN 14110 Fat and oil derivatives—Fatty acid methyl esters
8
Variable Equation (FAME)—Determination of methanol content
D4865 Guide for Generation and Dissipation of Static
EN 14112 Fat and oil derivatives—Fatty acid methyl esters
Electricity in Petroleum Fuel Systems
(FAME)—Dete
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D6751–11 Designation: D6751 – 11a
Standard Specification for
Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate
1
Fuels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6751; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers biodiesel (B100) Grades S15 and S500 for use as a blend component with middle distillate fuels.
1.2 This specification prescribes the required properties of diesel fuels at the time and place of delivery. The specification
requirements may be applied at other points in the production and distribution system when provided by agreement between the
purchaser and the supplier.
1.3 Nothing in this specification shall preclude observance of federal, state, or local regulations which may be more restrictive.
NOTE 1—The generation and dissipation of static electricity can create problems in the handling of distillate fuel oils with which biodiesel may be
blended. For more information on the subject, see Guide D4865.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4.1Exception—InAnnexA1, the values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses
are for information only.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip Test
D189 Test Method for Conradson Carbon Residue of Petroleum Products
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
D524 Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue of Petroleum Products
D613 Test Method for Cetane Number of Diesel Fuel Oil
D664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration
D874 Test Method for Sulfated Ash from Lubricating Oils and Additives
D974 Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration
D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils
D976 Test Method for Calculated Cetane Index of Distillate Fuels
D1160 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Reduced Pressure
D1266 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (Lamp Method)
D1796 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Fuel Oils by the Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure)
D2274 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Distillate Fuel Oil (Accelerated Method)
D2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products
D2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
D2709 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Middle Distillate Fuels by Centrifuge
D2880 Specification for Gas Turbine Fuel Oils
D3117 Test Method for Wax Appearance Point of Distillate Fuels
D3120 Test Method for Trace Quantities of Sulfur in Light Liquid Petroleum Hydrocarbons by Oxidative Microcoulometry
D3242 Test Method for Acidity in Aviation Turbine Fuel
D3828 Test Methods for Flash Point by Small Scale Closed Cup Tester
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.E0 on
Burner, Diesel, Non-Aviation Gas Turbine, and Marine Fuels.
Current edition approved Jan.Feb. 15, 2011. Published FebruaryMarch 2011. Originally approved in 1999 as PS 121–99.Adopted as a standard in 2002 as D6751–02. Last
previous edition approved in 20102011 as D6751–10.D6751–11. DOI: 10.1520/D6751-11A.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.ForAnnualBookofASTMStandards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6751 – 11a
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4294 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum and Petroleum Products by Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
D4530 Test Method for Determination of Carbon Residue (M
...

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Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils for Valve-Train Wear Performance in Cummins ISB Medium-Duty Diesel Engine

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method was developed to assess the performance of a heavy-duty engine oil in controlling engine wear under operating conditions selected to accelerate soot production and valve-train wear in a turbocharged and aftercooled four-cycle diesel engine with sliding tappet followers equipped with exhaust gas recirculation hardware.  
5.2 The design of the engine used in this test method is representative of many, but not all, modern diesel engines. This factor, along with the accelerated operating conditions, shall be considered when extrapolating test results.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method, commonly referred to as the Cummins ISB Test, covers the utilization of a modern, 5.9 L, diesel engine equipped with exhaust gas recirculation and is used to evaluate oil performance with regard to valve-train wear.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.2.1 Exceptions—SI units are provided for all parameters except where there is no direct equivalent such as the units for screw threads, National Pipe Threads/diameters, tubing size, or where there is a sole source of supply equipment specification.  
1.2.2 See also A7.1 for clarification; it does not supersede 1.2 and 1.2.1.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Annex A1 for general safety precautions.  
1.4 Table of Contents:    
Section  
Scope  
1  
Referenced Documents  
2  
Terminology  
3  
Summary of Test Method  
4  
Significance and Use  
5  
Apparatus  
6  
Engine Fluids and Cleaning Solvents  
7  
Preparation of Apparatus  
8  
Engine/Stand Calibration and Non-Reference Oil Tests  
9  
Test Procedure  
10  
Calculations, Ratings, and Test Validity  
11  
Report  
12  
Precision and Bias  
13  
Annexes  
Safety Precautions  
Annex A1  
Intake Air Aftercooler  
Annex A2  
The Cummins ISB Engine Build Parts Kit  
Annex A3  
Sensor Locations and Special Hardware  
Annex A4  
External Oil System  
Annex A5  
Cummins Service Publications  
Annex A6  
Specified Units and Formats  
Annex A7  
Oil Analyses  
Annex A8  
Alternate Fuel Approval Process  
Annex A9  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D5001-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Measurement of Lubricity of Aviation Turbine Fuels by the Ball-on-Cylinder Lubricity Evaluator (BOCLE)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Wear due to excessive friction resulting in shortened life of engine components such as fuel pumps and fuel controls has sometimes been ascribed to lack of lubricity in an aviation fuel.  
5.2 The relationship of test results to aviation fuel system component distress due to wear has been demonstrated for some fuel/hardware combinations where boundary lubrication is a factor in the operation of the component.  
5.3 The wear scar generated in the ball-on-cylinder lubricity evaluator (BOCLE) test is sensitive to contamination of the fluids and test materials, the presence of oxygen and water in the atmosphere, and the temperature of the test. Lubricity measurements are also sensitive to trace materials acquired during sampling and storage. Containers specified in Practice D4306 shall be used.  
5.4 The BOCLE test method may not directly reflect operating conditions of engine hardware. For example, some fuels that contain a high content of certain sulfur compounds can give anomalous test results.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers assessment of the wear aspects of the boundary lubrication properties of aviation turbine fuels on rubbing steel surfaces.  
1.1.1 This test method incorporates two procedures, one using a semi-automated instrument and the second a fully automated instrument. Either of the two instruments may be used to carry out the test.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D4808-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Hydrogen Content of Light Distillates, Middle Distillates, Gas Oils, and Residua by Low-Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The hydrogen content represents a fundamental quality of a petroleum product that has been correlated with many of the performance characteristics of that product.  
5.2 This test method provides a simple and more precise alternative to existing test methods, specifically combustion techniques (Test Methods D5291) for determining the hydrogen content on a range of petroleum products.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the hydrogen content of petroleum products ranging from atmospheric distillates to vacuum residua using a continuous wave, low-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer. (Test Method D3701 is the preferred method for determining the hydrogen content of aviation turbine fuels using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.)  
1.2 Three test methods are included here that account for the special characteristics of different petroleum products and apply to the following distillation ranges:    
Test Method  
Petroleum Products  
Boiling Range, °C (°F)
(approximate)  
A  
Light Distillates  
15–260 (60–500)  
B  
Middle Distillates  
200–370 (400–700)  
Gas Oils  
370–510 (700–950)  
C  
Residua  
510+ (950+ )  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. The preferred units are mass %.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Sections 7.2 and 7.4.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D8252-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Vanadium and Nickel in Crude and Residual Oil by X-ray Spectrometry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides a rapid and precise elemental measurement with simple sample preparation. Typical analysis times are approximately 4 min to 5 min per sample with a preparation time of approximately 1 min to 3 min per sample.  
5.2 The quality of crude oil is related to the amount of sulfur present. Knowledge of the vanadium and nickel concentration is necessary for processing purposes as well as contractual agreements.  
5.3 The presence of vanadium and nickel presents significant risks for contamination of the cracking catalysts in the refining process.  
5.4 This test method provides a means of determining whether the vanadium and nickel content of crude meets the operational limits of the refinery and whether the metal content will have a deleterious effect on the refining process or when used as a fuel.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative determination of total vanadium and nickel in crude and residual oil in the concentration ranges shown in Table 1 using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry.  
1.2 Sulfur is measured for analytical purposes only for the compensation of X-ray absorption matrix effects affecting the vanadium and nickel X-rays. For measurement of sulfur by standard test method use Test Methods D4294, D2622 or other suitable standard test method for sulfur in crude and residual oils.  
1.3 This test method is limited to the use of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometers employing an X-ray tube for excitation in conjunction with wavelength dispersive detection system or energy dispersive high resolution semiconductor detector with the ability to separate signals of adjacent and near-adjacent elements.  
1.4 This test method uses inter-element correction factors calculated from XRF theory, the fundamental parameters (FP) approach, or best fit regression.  
1.5 Samples containing higher concentrations than shown in Table 1 must be diluted to bring the elemental concentration of the diluted material within the scope of this test method.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6.1 The preferred concentrations units are mg/kg for vanadium and nickel.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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